Screening plants extracts for Antifungal activity against Rhizoctonia solani

2021 ◽  
pp. 6545-6548
Author(s):  
Shweta Singh ◽  
Jaiganesh Rengarajan ◽  
Iyappan Sellamuthu
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Highly Effective ◽  
Acalypha Indica

The adverse effect of pesticides used for controlling pests and the diseases caused by them is extensively rising. To overcome this harmful environmental impact, alternative methods are being studied and developed. Out of many possible methods, one effective method is to use plant extracts which embodies natural substances having antifungal properties. In an attempt towards enhancement of sustainable antifungal approach, four different concentrations of four plant extracts Citrus limon, Azadirachta indica, Ocimum gratissimum and Acalypha indica, were tested for their antifungal activity against Rhizoctonia solani, which is a serious threat for plants, and is responsible for considerable crop and yield losses. The aim of this study is to minimize yield losses and to regain the attention of formers towards exploiting natural resources for diseases control. From the results, it can be concluded that different concentrations of plant extracts have caused substantial inhibition in the mycelial growth of R. solani. The leaf extract of Ocimum gratissimum was highly effective in inhibiting mycelial growth, at the concentration of 500mg/ml of extract followed by Citrus limon, Azadirachta indica, and Acalypha indica. These plants might have potential for the development of natural fungicide for the management of diseases caused by fungal pathogens. Also, fungicides developed from these botanical extracts can prove to be highly effective for the management of plant diseases and would be simply obtainable, nonpolluting, biodegradable and economical.

scholarly journals In vitro antifungal potential of plant extracts against Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani and Macrophomina phaseolina.

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 1676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramaraju Cherkupally ◽  
Srinivasa Reddy Kota ◽  
Hindumathi Amballa ◽  
Bhumi Narasimha Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Fungitoxic Effect

The antifungal activity of aqueous extracts of nine plants viz, Azadirachta indica, Parthenium hysterophorus, Momordica charantia, Allium sativum, Eucalyptus globules, Calotropis procera, Aloe vera, Beta vulgaris and Datura stramonium were assessed in vitro against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae, Rhizoctonia solani and Macrophomina phaseolina, the soil borne phytopathogens. The assessment of fungitoxic effect was carried out by using three different concentrations i.e., 5, 10 and 20% against the test fungi, in terms of percentage of mycelial growth inhibition. The extract of A. sativum completely inhibited the mycelial growth of M. phaseolina at all the concentrations. The extracts of D. stramonium and E. globulus inhibited the mycelial growth of R. solani of 72%, and 70.7% respectively at 20% concentration, that of A. sativum, E. globulus and D. stramonium exhibited inhibition percentage of 63.3%, 61.8% and 61.1% respectively at 20% concentration on Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae. The application of plant extracts for disease management could be less expensive, easily available, non-polluting and eco-friendly.

scholarly journals RhizosphericBacillus subtilisExhibits Biocontrol Effect againstRhizoctonia solaniin Pepper(Capsicum annuum)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Huang ◽  
Zhansheng Wu ◽  
Yanhui He ◽  
Bang-Ce Ye ◽  
Chun Li
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Growth Strain ◽  
Inhibition Rate ◽  
Pepper Plants

This study aimed at evaluating the ability of SL-44 to controlRhizoctonia solaniand promote pepper(Capsicum annuum)growth. Strain SL-44 was isolated from plant rhizosphere and the pot experiment results indicated that the dry and fresh weights of pepper in SL-44 andRhizoctonia solani(S-R) treatment were 45.5% and 54.2% higher than those inRhizoctonia solani(R) treatment and 18.2% and 31.8% higher than those in CK (control, noninoculation) treatment. The plant height in S-R treatment increased by 14.2% and 9.0% compared with those in the R and CK treatments, respectively. In vitro antagonism assay showed that SL-44 exhibited strong antifungal activity against the mycelial growth ofRhizoctonia solani, with an inhibition rate of 42.3%. The amount of phosphorus dissolved by SL-44 reached 60.58 mg·L−1in broth and 7.5 μg·mL−1IAA were secreted by SL-44. Strain SL-44 inhibited the growth ofR. solaniand improved biomass of pepper plants. Mass exchange and information transmission between the pepper plants and SL-44 mutually promoted their development.Bacillus subtilisSL-44 has a great potential as biocontrol agent againstRhizoctonia solanion pepper plants.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activity of Neem (Azadirachta indica) Oil on Growth and Ochratoxin A Production by Aspergillus carbonarius Isolates

Toxins ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Paiva Rodrigues ◽  
Andrea Luciana Astoreca ◽  
Águida Aparecida de Oliveira ◽  
Lauranne Alves Salvato ◽  
Gabriela Lago Biscoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Aspergillus Carbonarius ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Neem Oil ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Activity

Aspergillus carbonarius is a saprobic filamentous fungus, food spoiling fungus and a producer of ochratoxin A (OTA) mycotoxin. In this study, the in vitro antifungal activity of neem oil (0.12% p/p of azadirachtin) was evaluated against the growth of six strains of A. carbonarius and the production of OTA. Four different concentrations of neem oil were tested in addition to three incubation times. Only the concentration of 0.3% of neem oil inhibited more than 95% of the strain’s growth (97.6% ± 0.5%), while the use of 0.5% and 1.0% of neem oil showed lower antifungal activity, 40.2% ± 3.1 and 64.7% ± 1.1, respectively. There was a complete inhibition of OTA production with 0.1% and 0.3% neem oil in the four strains isolated in the laboratory from grapes. The present study shows that neem essential oil can be further evaluated as an auxiliary method for the reduction of mycelial growth and OTA production.

scholarly journals Antifungal activity of some botanical extracts on Fusarium oxysporum

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Domenico Rongai ◽  
Patrizio Pulcini ◽  
Barbara Pesce ◽  
Filomena Milano
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Conidia Germination

AbstractThe present paper describes the antifungal activity of some plant extracts on the development of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici. The best extracts were selected to be tested as a phytofungicide to control crop diseases, with the ultimate goal of developing a green alternative to synthetic fungicides. Using the conidia germination assay, of the 24 plant extracts tested, 15 reduced conidia germination and 6 completely inhibited germination. Extracts of Rivina humulis, Brassica carinata, Brunfelsia calyicina, Salvia guaranitica and Punica granatum showed good antifungal activity. The relationship between total phenolic content (TPC) in each plant extract tested and the percentage of mycelial growth inhibition showed a significant correlation (R2 = 0.69), while no correlation was found between total flavonoid content (TFC) and percentage mycelial growth inhibition. Among all extracts tested, Punica granatum and Salvia guaranitica showed the best inhibitory effect against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici . Our results indicate that plant extracts with a good antifungal activity generally had a high level of total polyphenolic content and titratable acidity, and low values of pH.

scholarly journals In vitro studies of inhibitory activity of plant extracts and cow urine on mycelial growth of stem rot, Sclerotimoryzae of rice

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nishant Prakash ◽  
A.P. Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Cent Concentration ◽  
Maximum Inhibition ◽  
Mycelia Growth ◽  
Cow Urine ◽  
Chemical Pesticides

Soil borne phytopathogen Sclerotiumoryzae significantly affect rice production. To reduce load of chemical pesticides, antifungal activity of plant extracts and cow urine against mycelial growth of S.oryzaewere tested using poisoned food technique under in vitro condition. Plant extracts of 2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5% and 10% concentration was prepared from Allium cepa, Azadirachtaindica, A. sativum, Ricinuscommunisand Syzygiumcumini. Inhibition of mycelial growth of S.oryzaewas recorded only in case of A. sativum and A. cepa while Azadirachtaindica, Ricinuscommunisand Syzygiumcumini did not show any inhibition of mycelial growth as compared to control. A.sativum plant extracts showed maximum inhibition of mycelia growth of 68.88% at concentration 10% followed by 32.96%, 22.96% and 18.88% at concentration 7.5%, 5.0% and 2.5% resepectively. 22.60%, 19.62%, 17.77% and 8.88% inhibition of mycelial growth as compared to control was recorded at 10%, 7.5%, 5.0% and 2.5% concentration of plant extracts of A.cepa. All the concentration of cow urine inhibited the mycelial growth of S. oryzae. Cow urine at the concentration 5, 7.5 and 10.0 per cent resulted in 100 per cent inhibition of mycelia growth of test pathogen as compared to control. Maximum inhibition of 98.14 per cent was observed at 2.5 per cent concentration followed by 1.25 per cent (63.7%) concentration. This study showed that A.sativum and A.cepa and cow urine possess antifungal activity under in vitro condition. It can also be tested for antifungal activity under in vivo condition.

scholarly journals Allelopathic effect of leaf extracts of Punica granatum and Spiraea prunifolia against post-harvest rot of tomato and brinjal

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2-s) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Jahangir Abdullah Koka ◽  
Mohd Yaqub Bhat ◽  
Abdul Hamid Wani
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Penicillium Expansum ◽  
Antimycotic Activity ◽  
Punica Granatum L

Antimycotic activities of different solvent extracts of Punica granatum L. and Spiraea prunifolia Siebold and Zucc. were carried out through agar well diffusion assay at three concentrations (25µl, 50µl and 75µl) against seven fungi causing rot diseases of tomato and brinjal. All the concentration of plant extracts showed antifungal activity against tested pathogenic fungi. Antimycotic activity increased with the increased concentrations of plant extracts. However, higher concentrations proved more effective than lower concentrations. It was revealed from the present study that the ethanolic extract of Punica granatum L. showed maximum antifungal activity against Rhizoctonia solani and Penicillium expansum and least inhibitory activity against Aspergillus niger. However, the aqueous extract of Punica granatum L. showed maximum antimycotic activity against Rhizoctonia solani and Alternaria alternata and least inhibitory effect against Penicillium expansum. It was further observed from the present study that the ethanolic extract of Spiraea prunifolia Siebold and Zucc. showed maximum antimycotic activity against Rhizoctonia solani and least inhibitory effect against Alternaria alternata. Whereas the aqueous extract of Spiraea prunifolia Siebold and Zucc showed maximum antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger and least inhibitory activity against Alternaria alternata. Keywords: Plant extracts, Concentration, Antimycotic effectiveness, tomato and brinjal, fungal rot pathogens, Inhibition zone.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Some Plant Extracts Against Rhizoctonia Solani on Pea

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulaziz Al-Askar ◽  
Younes Rashad
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Clove Extract

Efficacy of Some Plant Extracts AgainstRhizoctonia Solanion PeaAntifungal activity of ethanol-water extracts of four medicinal plants, cinnamon (Cinnamomum verumPresl.), anise (Pimpinella anisumL.), black seed (Nigella sativaL.) and clove (Syzygium aromaticumL. Merr. & Perry.) was investigated against pea (Pisum sativumL.) root-rot fungusRhizoctonia solani. In vitroantifungal activity test shown a high growth inhibition at concentration (4%) of each plant extract. The highest antifungal activity was recorded for clove extract which causes complete growth inhibition at concentration of 1%. Efficacy of clove extract on disease incidence ofRhizoctoniaroot-rot of pea was investigated in the greenhouse pot experiment. Clove extract at concentration 4% as well as the chemical fungicide recorded highly significant increase in the percentage of survived plants (40 and 48%, respectively) and highly significant decrease in disease incidence.

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