scholarly journals Mecanismos patogénicos del microbioma en la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal: rol de la actividad proteolítica bacteriana

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alba Santiago Badenas ◽  
Elena F Verdu
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

nflammatory bowel disease is an immune mediated condition that includes Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis and causes chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Although the exact cause for inflammatory bowel disease is unknown, there is consensus that a combination of genetic, environmental, and immune factors participate in its pathogenesis. To date, all the studies have been focused on alterations that occur once IBD has developed, however, the causes triggering the onset of the disease are still unclear. There is an evident genetic basis in which multiple genes involved in intestinal homeostasis are affected, such as NOD2, ATG16L1 and XBP1. However, these genetic factors are not sufficient for disease onset and additional environmental factors such as those related to dysregulation of gut microbiota and the immune system are required. A lower microbial diversity and a decrease in the relative abundance of Firmicutes, as well as an increase in Proteobacteria, have been described in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, but are not found in all studies. In addition to variations in microbial composition, functional changes have also been observed in cross-sectional studies. Longitudinal cohorts in patients at risk for inflammatory bowel disease have recently been conducted allowing us to interrogate whether specific microbial communities and functions could be influencing the onset of the disease. Indeed, a translational study performed in a cohort of at-risk individuals for inflammatory bowel disease (GEM cohort) showed an increased fecal proteolytic activity, associated with microbial composition changes, before the onset of ulcerative colitis. These findings may help develop new non-invasive diagnostic techniques, as well as new therapeutical approaches for inflammatory bowel disease.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional survey of multi-generation inflammatory bowel disease consanguinity and its relationship with disease onset

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Mosli ◽  
Abdulelah Alzahrani ◽  
Showlag Showlag ◽  
Abdullah Alshehri ◽  
Ahmed Hejazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

scholarly journals COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Receiving Biologic Therapies in Kuwait: A Cross-Sectional Study

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Mohammad Shehab ◽  
Yasmin Zurba ◽  
Ali Al Abdulsalam ◽  
Ahmad Alfadhli ◽  
Sara Elouali
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Biologic Therapies ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
To Receive

Background: COVID-19 vaccinations have been shown to be effective in reducing risk of severe infection, hospitalization, and death. They have also been shown to be safe and effective in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) who are receiving biologic therapies. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence of vaccination among patients receiving biologic therapies for IBD. Methods: A single-center prospective cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary care inflammatory bowel disease center in Kuwait. Data from patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) who attended the gastroenterology infusion clinic from 1 June 2021 until 31 October 2021 were retrieved. Patients who received infliximab or vedolizumab at least six weeks before recruitment were included. The primary outcome was prevalence of COVID-19 vaccination. The secondary outcome was to assess whether prevalence of COVID-19 vaccination differed based on sex, age, type of biologic therapy and nationality. Results: The total number of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients enrolled in the study was 280 (56.0% male and 44.0% female). Of the total, 112 (40.0%) patients were diagnosed with ulcerative colitis and 168 (60.0%) with Crohn’s disease. The number of ulcerative colitis patients who were vaccinated was 49 (43.8%) and the number of Crohn’s disease patients who were vaccinated was 68 (40.5%). The median age was 33.2 years and BMI was 24.8 kg/m2. With respect to the total number of patients, 117 (41.8%) were vaccinated with either BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and 163 (58.2%) were not vaccinated. Female patients were more likely to receive the vaccine compared to male patients (83.0% vs. 63.8%, p < 0.001). In addition, patients above the age 50 were more likely to receive the vaccine than patients below the age of 50 (95.6% vs. 31.2% p < 0.001). Expatriates were more likely to receive the vaccine than citizens (84.8% vs. 25.0%, p < 0.001). There was no statistical difference between patients on infliximab and vedolizumab with regard to prevalence of vaccination (40.0% vs 48.0%, p = 0.34). Conclusion: The overall prevalence of COVID-19 vaccination among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) on biologic therapies was lower than that of the general population and world health organization (WHO) recom-mendation. Female patients, patients above the age of 50, and expatriates were more likely to receive the vaccine. Physicians should reinforce the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines among patients, especially IBD patients on biologic therapies, who express hesitancy towards them.

scholarly journals FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH PATIENT´S PREFERENCE IN CHOOSING THEIR THERAPY FOR INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE IN BRAZIL

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-497
Author(s):  
Adhan Amenomori WU ◽  
Jaqueline Ribeiro de BARROS ◽  
Madhoor RAMDEEN ◽  
Julio Pinheiro BAIMA ◽  
Rogerio SAAD-HOSSNE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Biological Therapy ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mode Of Administration ◽  
Mode Of Application ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

BACKGROUND: Biological therapy and new drugs have revolutionized the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Ideally, the choice of medication should be a shared decision with the patient, aiming at greater satisfaction, compliance, and consequently, favorable clinical outcome. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate patient’s preferences in the choice of their therapy and the factors that influence this choice. METHODS: This cross-sectional study enrolled 101 outpatients with Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. The inclusion criteria were age ≥18 years and no previous exposure to biological therapy. Patients’ preferences were assessed through questions that addressed the preferred mode of administration (oral, subcutaneous, or intravenous) and the factors that determined the choice of medication (efficacy, medical indication, fear of medication, convenience, mode of application, and personal doctors’ indication). RESULTS: The mean age was 43.6±13.5 years, 75.3% were female, and 81.2% were cases of ulcerative colitis. Regarding the mode of administration, the majority of patients preferred oral (87.1%), followed by intravenous (6.93%) and subcutaneous (5.94%) medications. The reasons were “I prefer to take it at home” (42.57%), “I have more freedom” (36.63%), “I don’t like self-application” (29.70%), and “I believe it works better” (19.80%). Younger patients and patients in clinical disease activity preferred intravenous mode compared to the oral route (P<0.05). Doctor’s opinion (98%) was an important factor associated with the medication choice. CONCLUSION: Oral route was the preferred mode of administration and most patients took their physician’s opinion into account in their choice of medication.

scholarly journals N01 Does physical activity positively impact fatigue in individuals with Inflammatory Bowel Disease?

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S608-S608
Author(s):  
D Farrell ◽  
P Bager ◽  
F Bredin ◽  
V Cairnes ◽  
M Forry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Objective Measurements ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Active Disease

Abstract Background Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) often experience the problematic and burdensome symptom of fatigue, both during periods of relapse and remission. The optimal management of fatigue in IBD is uncertain, however there is evidence suggesting that physical activity is likely to be a beneficial way of managing the symptom. The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between fatigue and objective measurements of both physical activity metrics and varying intensities of physical activity for individuals with IBD. Methods A multi-centred, European, cross-sectional, correlational study was employed. A consecutive sample of 187 patients with Crohn’s disease (59%) or ulcerative colitis (41%) were recruited from six IBD centres in the Republic of Ireland (42%), United Kingdom (40%) and Denmark (18%). Fatigue was measured using the IBD-Fatigue (IBD-F) scale, including both the level of fatigue (IBD-F, Section 1) and impact of fatigue (IBD-F, Section 2). Physical activity was objectively measured using scientifically validated triaxial accelerometers (ActiGraph wGT3X-BT) during seven consecutive days. Results A moderate level of fatigue (IBD-F Section 1 Md (IQR) = 10 (6 – 13)), predominantly intermittent in nature (72%) was reported by participants (57.4% female; 59% Crohn’s disease; 43% active disease). Participants self-reported sleeping an average of 8.7 hours over the seven nights. During the week, the intensity of activity was predominantly sedentary (Md 5 days, 22 hours, 20 minutes) or light (Md 19 hours, 35 minutes). The median moderate-to-vigorous intensity of physical activity per day was 32.2 minutes and step count over the week was 47052 steps. There was no evidence of a unique linear or non-linear relationship between each of the objective measurements of physical activity with IBD-related fatigue. This lack of evidence extended separately to patients in remission and to patients with active disease. These findings are in the context of a statistically significant moderately-strong relationship between disease activity (measured using both HBI and SCCAI) and level of fatigue for both patients of Crohn’s disease (rs = .327, p = .001, n = 96) and ulcerative colitis (rs = .353, p = .003, n = 71). Conclusion This large multi-centred study shows no association between objective measurements of physical activity and IBD-fatigue. These findings suggest that engaging or not engaging in physical activity has no differential impact on self-assessment of fatigue.

scholarly journals OP10 IgA coating of intestinal microbiota is associated with inflammatory bowel disease in twin pairs discordant for inflammatory bowel disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S010-S011
Author(s):  
E Brand ◽  
Y Laenen ◽  
F van Wijk ◽  
M de Zoete ◽  
B Oldenburg
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is thought to result from an interplay between microbiota, the immune system and the environment in genetically susceptible hosts. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) produced by the immune system can be specifically directed against bacteria. The IgA-coating pattern of intestinal bacteria thus reflects interactions between the immune system and specific bacteria. Studying IBD in twins, concordant and discordant for IBD, reduces the impact of genetic predisposition and childhood exposures and therefore offers the unique opportunity to focus on other factors such as intestinal microbiota composition and immune-interactions in IBD. Methods Faecal samples from twin pairs discordant for Crohn’s disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) were collected. Employing fluorescence-activated cell sorting, IgA+ and IgA− bacteria from the intestinal microbiota were sorted. Subsequently, (1) the total, (2) IgA+ and (3) IgA− microbial composition was determined by 16S rRNA sequencing (IgA-SEQ). We estimated the relative IgA coating per bacterial species by dividing the abundance of that species in the IgA+ fraction over the abundance in the IgA- fraction, representing the IgA coating index. Linear discriminant analyses were performed with LefSE. Results We included 31 twin pairs (62 individuals) discordant for IBD (CD: 15, UC: 16). 15/32 twin pairs were monozygotic, 43/62 of participants were female, the median age was 47 years (interquartile range: 34–58.5). Of 31 participants with IBD, 7 had signs of active inflammation based on endoscopy, Harvey–Bradshaw index or short clinical colitis activity index. Differences (log-linear discriminant analysis score &gt;3) in the microbial composition of IgA-coated bacteria were observed between CD patients and their twin-siblings not affected by IBD: Dorea formicigenerans (increased in IgA coating), Parabacteroides sp., Christensenellaceae sp., Clostridium sp. and Mollicutes RF39 sp. (decreased in IgA coating). In ulcerative colitis patients, an increase in IgA-coating was observed for Ruminococcus gnavus and Dorea formicigenerans, while Turicibacter sp., Barnesiellaceae sp. and an unclassified Clostridiales sp. were decreased in IgA-coating compared with their twin-siblings not affected by IBD. Conclusion In twins affected by IBD, the pattern of IgA-coated bacteria differs between IBD and non-IBD affected individuals. These data on immune-bacteria interactions could serve as a starting point for the elucidation of the immune-responses triggered by specific bacteria in IBD.

Chronic Sinonasal Disease in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
David T. Book ◽  
Timothy L. Smith ◽  
Justin P. Mcnamar ◽  
Kia Saeian ◽  
David G. Binion ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Sinonasal Disease

Background The objective of this study was to explore the possible relationship between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and chronic sinonasal disease. Methods A cross-sectional study was undertaken of 241 patients with Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis from a tertiary medical center IBD clinic. Patient demographic data and information regarding IBD diagnosis and management, sinonasal disease diagnosis and management, and complications related to these diagnoses were gathered by retrospective chart review and a standardized patient survey. Results One hundred sixty surveys (67%) were returned and analyzed. Overall, 48% of patients with IBD reported chronic sinonasal disease symptoms. Patients with CD had a higher prevalence of sinonasal disease than patients with ulcerative colitis (53% versus 32%; p < 0.02). The subgroup of CD patients with obstructive bowel complications had the highest prevalence of sinonasal disease (68% versus 27%; p = < 0.001), with 23% reporting chronic rhinosinusitis, 13% reporting chronic rhinitis, and an additional 32% reporting chronic nasal or sinus symptoms. Conclusion The prevalence of chronic sinonasal disease is elevated in patients with IBD, occurring in approximately one-half of patients followed at a tertiary IBD center. Patients with CD experiencing obstructive complications had significantly increased rates of sinonasal disease. The relationship between chronic sinonasal disease and obstructive CD is not defined, but several hypotheses are generated.

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