The evaluation of acute and subchronic toxicities of An Phu Khang capsules in experimental animals

2021 ◽  
Vol 148 (12) ◽  
pp. 86-95
Author(s):  
Ha Thi Yen ◽  
Tran Thanh Tung ◽  
Dang Thi Thu Hien
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Swiss Mice ◽  
Human Dose ◽  
Liver And Kidney

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the acute and subchronic toxicities of An Phu Khang capsules through oral administration in experimental animals. The acute toxicity was determined by the method of Litchfield Wilcoxon in Swiss mice. The subchronic toxicity was evaluated by the recommendation of WHO in Wistar rats at these doses of 0.54 g/kg b.w/day (equal to recommended human dose) and 1.62 g/kg b.w/day (3 times as high as recommended human dose) in 4 consecutive weeks. As a result, An Phu Khang capsules at the highest dose used for mice (36.29 g/kg b.w) did not show acute toxicity in mice. In terms of the subchronic toxicity test, after oral administration of An Phu Khang capsules, hematological parameters, hepato-renal functions, and microscopic images of liver and kidney at both doses were unchanged compared with the control group. In conclusion, An Phu Khang with both doses 0.54 g/kg b.w/day and 1.62 g/kg b.w/day did not produce acute and subchronic toxicities in Swiss mice and Wistar rats.

scholarly journals Evaluation of acute and subchronic toxicities of “Phuong Dong Dai Trang” tablets in experimental animals

2021 ◽  
Vol 141 (5) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Tran Thanh Tung ◽  
Dau Thuy Duong ◽  
Pham Thi Thuy Minh ◽  
Nguyen Thu Hien ◽  
Dinh Thi Thu Hang
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Swiss Mice ◽  
Human Dose ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Oral Doses

The study aimed to evaluate the acute and subchronic toxicities of “Phuong Dong Dai Trang” tablets through oral administration using experimental animal models. Acute toxicity in Swiss mice was determined using the Litchfield Wilcoxon method. The subchronic toxicity in Wistar rats was evaluated according to WHO and OECD’s recommendation with oral doses of 4.68 g/kg/day (equivalent to recommended human dose) and 14.04 g/kg/day (3 times the recommended human dose) for 4 consecutive weeks. In terms of acute toxicity, “Phuong Dong Dai Trang” tablets did not express acute toxicity in mice at the highest dose used (232.14 g materials/kg). In terms of the subchronic toxicity, after oral administration of “Phuong Dong Dai Trang” tablets, hematological parameters, hepato - renal functions, and microscopic images of liver and kidney were unchanged in the treatment group compared to the control group. In conclusion, “Phuong Dong Dai Trang” tablets did not produce acute and subchronic toxicities in Swiss mice and Wistar rats.

The study of acute and subchronic toxicities of Da Dai Trang HVD capsules in experimental animals

2021 ◽  
Vol 148 (12) ◽  
pp. 7-15
Author(s):  
Pham Thi Van Anh ◽  
Nguyen Van Dam ◽  
Pham Thanh Ky ◽  
Vu Viet Hang ◽  
Dinh Thi Thu Hang
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Deleterious Effect ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Renal Functions ◽  
Swiss Mice ◽  
Human Dose ◽  
Oral Doses

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the acute and subchronic toxicities of DA DAI TRANG HVD capsules through oral administration in experimental animals. The acute toxicity was determined by the method of Litchfield Wilcoxon in Swiss mice. The subchronic toxicity was evaluated by the recommendation of WHO and OECD in Wistar rats with oral doses of 1.44 g/kg/day (equal to recommended human dose) and 4.32 g/kg/day (3 times as high as recommended human dose) in 4 consecutive weeks. As a result, DA DAI TRANG HVD capsules at the highest dose used for mice (99.9 g materials/kg) did not express acute toxicity in mice. In term of the subchonic toxicity test, DA DAI TRANG HVD had no deleterious effect on hematological parameters, hepato-renal functions, macroscopic and microscopic images of livers and kidneys of rats. In conclusion, DA DAI TRANG HVD capsules did not produce the acute and subchronic toxicities in Swiss mice and Wistar rats.

Evaluation of acute and subchronic toxicity of “Tran Chau Nguu Hoang Hoan” in experimental animals

2021 ◽  
Vol 148 (12) ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
Tran Thai Ha ◽  
Pham Thi Van Anh ◽  
Dao Xuan Tinh ◽  
Dinh Thi Thu Hang
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Toxicity Test ◽  
Acute Toxicity Test ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Microscopic Images ◽  
Renal Functions ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Oral Doses

“Tran chau nguu hoang hoan” was prepared from 12 herbal ingredients. So far, the safety of this product, has not been reported yet. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the acute and subchronic toxicity of “Tran chau nguu hoang hoan” through oral administration in experimental animals. The acute toxicity was determined by the method of Litchfield Wilcoxon in mice at the doses of 2.42 g/kg b.w/day to 6.04 g/kg b.w/day. The subchronic toxicity was evaluated followed the Guideline of WHO and OECD in rats with oral doses of 58.0 mg/kg b.w/day and 174.0 mg/kg b.w/day for 12 consecutive weeks. As a result, in the course of the acute toxicity test, the mice showed no abnormal sign or death. In terms of the subchonic toxicity test, hematological indexes, hepato-renal functions and microscopic images of liver and kidney were unchanged. In conclusion, “Tran chau nguu hoang hoan” does not appear to produce acute and subchronic toxicities in mice and rats.

Acute and subchronic oral toxicity assessments of BTL tea in experimental animals

2021 ◽  
Vol 148 (12) ◽  
pp. 48-57
Author(s):  
Tran Thai Ha ◽  
Bui Viet Chung ◽  
Pham Thi Van Anh ◽  
Nguyen Thi Ngoc ◽  
Dinh Thi Thu Hang
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Test ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Human Dose

Tobacco smoking remains a leading cause of preventable diseases and premature death in many countries. Many smokers want to quit smoking but are not offered the highly effective treatments available to manage tobacco dependency. There has been a current trend for researchers to find new natural ingredients that were safe and still effective in treating tobacco dependence. BTL tea was a herbal-derived product prepared from Herba Menthae, Pogos cablin (Blanco) Benth., Zingiber Officinale Rosc., Flos Chrysanthemi, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Pericarpium Citri deliciosa, and Flos Lonicera. At this time, the safety of this product has not been reported. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate BTL tea’s acute and subchronic toxicity through oral administration in experimental animals. The acute toxicity was determined by Litchfield-Wilcoxon method in mice at the doses of 45.0 g/kg b.w/day to 112.5 g/kg b.w/day. The subchronic toxicity was evaluated following WHO and OECD’s Guidelines in rats with oral doses of 1.08 g/kg b.w/day (equal to recommended human dose) and 3.24 g/kg b.w/day (three times as high as recommended human dose) for four consecutive weeks. As a result, in the acute toxicity test, the mice showed no abnormal sign or death. The subchronic toxicity test, hematological indexes, hepato-renal functions, and microscopic images of liver and kidney were unchanged. However, compared with the control group, there were significant differences in various indexes, including total WBC, lymphocytes, neutrophils, and AST level, but the levels were still safe. In conclusion, BTL tea does not appear to produce acute and subchronic toxicities in mice and rats.

scholarly journals RESVERATROL INCLUSION COMPLEX WITH β-CYCLODEXTRIN (RCD): CHARACTERIZATION AND EVALUATION OF TOXICITY IN WISTAR RATS

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. K. Nishihira ◽  
N. J. Mezzomo ◽  
M. D. Baldissera ◽  
R. A. Vaucher ◽  
C. G. Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inclusion Complex ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry

<p class="RSCB01ARTAbstract"><strong>Objective</strong>:<strong> </strong>The aim of this study was to characterise the resveratrol inclusion complex with β-cyclodextrin (RCD) and evaluate their toxicity in wistar rats.</p><p class="RSCB01ARTAbstract"><strong>Methods: </strong>The RCD were prepared in ultra-turrax. For characterization of the RCD were used: Fourier transform infra-red Spectroscopy, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray powder diffraction. The RCD and others 4 treatments were performed by the chronic oral administration in 35 rats during 60 ds. After the treatments they were euthanized and the serum blood were collected to analyzed some hemogram and biochemical parameters including aspartyl aminotransferase (AST); alanine aminotransferase (AST); phosphatase alkaline (ALP); total bilirubin (TB); direct bilirubin (DB); total protein (TP); total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TAG), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), calcium, iron and phosphate using fully automated biochemistry analyzer.</p><p class="RSCB01ARTAbstract"><strong>Results: </strong>The characterization results indicated a successful formation of the RCD. All hematological parameters analysed were within the normal values in all the groups. Furthermore, the hemogram and biochemical parameters were significantly (P&gt;0.05) similar to the control group.</p><p class="RSCB01ARTAbstract"><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The daily oral administration during 60 d of RCD are not harmful on blood parameters of Wistar rats. Thus, RCD can be used safely for treatment of some metabolic diseases.</p>

scholarly journals Toxicological implications of the fruit of Harungana madagascariensis on wistar rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olusayo Aderonke Shorinwa ◽  
Barizonmdu Monsi
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Toxicity Test ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Acute Toxicity Test ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Abstract Background The unopened buds of the fruit of Harungana madagascariensis is used in the treatment of anaemia and skin diseases in traditional medicine. Hence, this study aims to scientifically evaluate the effects of oral administration of the fruit extract of Harungana madagascariensis on haematological, biochemical and histological parameters in Wistar rats. Methods Phytochemical screening of the ethanol fruit extract of H. madagascariensis was carried out. Acute toxicity test was done using Lorke’s method. Sub-acute toxicity studies were done using 24 rats of both sexes which were randomized into four groups of six rats each. Animals in groups A, B, C were administered with the extract at doses of 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg, respectively while group D animals were given distilled water (5 mg/kg) and served as the control group. All administrations were done through the oral route for 30 consecutive days. Body weights of the animals were taken weekly during the study. The animals were sacrificed under diethyl ether anaesthesia and blood samples collected for evaluation of haematological (red blood cell, haemoglobin, packed cell volume and white blood cell) and biochemical (alanine transferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, urea, creatinine, total cholesterol and total protein) parameters. Histological examination was conducted on the liver and kidney of the animals. Results Preliminary phytochemical screening of the extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, anthraquinones, steroidal nucleus, saponins, carbohydrates, flavonoids, and tannins. Acute toxicity test showed that the LD50 was greater than 5000 mg/kg. There was no statistically significant (P < 0.05) difference in the RBC, HB, PCV and WBC of the extract treated groups when compared to the control group. There was however, a statistically significant (P < 0.05) difference in the creatinine level of the 500 mg/kg extract –treated group and the control. There was no statistically significant (P < 0.05) difference in other biochemical parameters of the extract treated groups and the control group except for a marginal increase in the total protein in the group treated with 1000 mg/kg of the extract (60 g/L) compared with control (54.80 g/L). Histopathological examination showed alterations in the morphology of the liver and kidney in extract treated groups as compared to the control groups. Conclusion The findings have revealed that the ethanol fruit extract of H. madagascariensis should be used with caution especially during prolonged usage as the histology showed it has nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic potentials. Further studies will be done to establish the effects of the extract on white blood cells.

scholarly journals Subchronic Toxicity of Green Algae (Spyrogyra sp.) Ethanolic Extract on Hematologic Parameters

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 484
Author(s):  
Nina Salamah ◽  
Wahyu Widyaningsih ◽  
Hari Susanti ◽  
Anggita Devi ◽  
Anita Wening Sejati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Green Algae ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Immune Parameters ◽  
Hematology Parameters

<p>Green Algae, an organism with active substance such as phytomelatonin, has potential to be developed as Indonesian traditional medicine. As the long term addition of Green Algae ethanol extract (<em>Ekstrak etanol ganggang hijau</em>, EEGH) influences the hematology system, in this paper, the safety test was done to ensure the safety of its use through subchronic toxicity test of EEGH on the hematology parameters of Wistar rats. The test group consisted of three groups treated with EEGH 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg, while the control group was given by 0.5% CMC-Na, with 8 rats each respectively. By using blood samples taken from orbital sinus on the 29<sup>th</sup> day, common hematologic parameters (erythrocytes, leukocytes, and hemoglobin level), the parameters of hemostasis (platelets, pT, aPTT, BT) and immune parameters (Differential Leukocytes Counts include neutrophils segment, lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils) were finally observed and showed that the 28 days-addition of EEGH increase the hematological parameters of Wistar rats.</p>

scholarly journals Evaluation of Sub-acute and Sub Chronic Toxicity Profile of the Aqueous Leaf Crude Extract of Melanthera Scandens (Schumach & Thonn) in Wistar Rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Daniel Chans Mwandah ◽  
Ibrahim Ntulume ◽  
Adamu Almustapha Aliero ◽  
Kennedy Kiyimba ◽  
Emmanuel Tiyo Ayikobua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Need To Evaluate ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Aims: Although Melanthera scandens is a plant widely used in traditional medicine for the management of seizures, stomach ulcers and sores, dysmenorrhea, diabetes and malaria, there was scanty information about its safety. There was, therefore, a need to evaluate the sub-acute and subchronic toxicity studies of this plant which would reflect on its safety. Methodology: This was an experimental laboratory study. The research was conducted at Kampala International University-Western Campus at the Pharmacology laboratory from February to June 2017. The sub-acute toxicity was evaluated after administering daily oral doses of M. scandens crude extract (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg) for 28 days and 90 days for subchronic study, after which the effect on haematological, biochemical and histopathological parameters were assessed in male and female Wistar rats (five of each sex). Results: Sub-acute toxicity results revealed that there was a significant decrease in the AST between the male Wistar rats that received 250 mg/kg (P= .005) and those that received 500 mg/kg (P= .05) as compared with the control group. Subchronic studies showed a significant increase in ALP (P= .05) at 1000 mg/kg compared with 500 mg/kg. Terminal necropsy did not reveal any treatment-related histopathological findings. There were also no toxicologically significant treatment-related effects on haematological parameters. The sub-acute toxicity results suggest that doses of 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg are safe and could be hepatoprotective due to reduced levels of AST and ALP, while the subchronic toxicity study results suggest that doses greater than 1000 mg/kg could be toxic to the plasma membrane, liver cells or endoplasmic reticulum due to increased ALP levels at this dose. Conclusion: The M. scandens crude extract did not cause significant toxicity on haematological and histopathological indices, after sub-acute and subchronic administration in Wistar rats.

scholarly journals Antioxidant properties and subchronic toxicity of the standardized extract of LAMIC, a phytomedicine prototype based on aqueous extracts from trunk bark of Lannea microcarpa Engl and K. Krause

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Lazare Belemnaba ◽  
Madi Soubeiga ◽  
Geoffroy G. Ouédraogo ◽  
Tata Kadiatou Traoré ◽  
Mathieu Nitiéma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Power

Aims: This study investigated the antioxidant activity and the 90 days subchronic toxicity of the standardized LAMIC phytomedicine prototype based on aqueous extracts from Lannea microcarpa trunk bark. Methods: Three spectrophotometric methods were used to evaluated the antioxidant activity of LAMIC which were 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical, 2,2’-azinobis(3-ethylbenzolin-6-sulphonate) (ABTS) radical scavenging assays and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. For the standardized LAMIC subchronic toxicity study, male and female Wistar rats were used by daily oral administration at doses of 500, 1000 and 1500 mg/kg bw consecutively for 90 days. Results: The LAMIC extract exhibit better inhibitory activity against DPPH radical than ABTS radical with respective IC50 values of 45.38±3.21 µg/mL and 66.45±18.76 µg/mL, while FRAP assay exhibit antioxidant activity of 211.34±15.92 mmol EAA/g. Subchronic oral administration of LAMIC was well-tolerated at all tested doses. No behavioral and physiological changes and mortality were observed. The LAMIC extract did not present any impact on general hematological parameters and biochemical parameters. Moreover, no significant changes were raised in organ and body weight of treated groups compared to the Control group. Conclusion: These results support that LAMIC prototype was a valuable source of natural antioxidants and no toxicity was associated to its long terms oral consumption in rats indicating a potential application as a cardiovascular protective formulation. Keywords: LAMIC–Lannea microcarpa–Standardization–Antioxidant–Subchronic toxicity.  

scholarly journals The beneficial effect of a phytonutrient-rich product against cadmium chloride-induced hepatorenal toxicity

2021 ◽  
pp. 26-35
Author(s):  
Omotayo Babatunde Ilesanmi ◽  
Ridwan Abiodun Lawal
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cadmium Chloride ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Hepatic Injury ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Abstract. This study was designed to investigate the hepatorenal protective effects of trévo, on cadmium-induced renal and hepatic injury in male Wistar rats. Methods. Fifteen healthy male Wistar rats were divided into three groups of five rats per group. Group I (control); group II (35mg/kg cadmium chloride (CdCl2); Group III (2 ml/kg trévo+ CdCl2. The rats were treated with trévo (2ml/kg orally) and administered CdCl2 3 hrs later. Twenty-four hours after the last administration rats were sacrificed and blood was collected via cardiac puncture and processed for hematological parameters and assessment of urea, creatinine (CREA), and uric acid (UA), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and albumin (ALB). The liver and kidney were excised and processed for markers of oxidative stress. Results intraperitoneal administration of 35 mg/kg of CdCl2 caused a significant increase in serum concentration of urea, CREA, UA, AST, ALT, while the concentration of ALB was significantly lower (P<0.0001). CdCl2 caused a significant reduction in packed cell volume, hemoglobin while the total white blood cell count, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils were increased. Oxidative stress was significantly pronounced in the liver and kidney of rats exposed to CdCl2 as observed in the high concentration of malondialdehyde, decreased concentration of glutathione, the activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione-S-transferase. Pretreatment with trévo was able to significantly prevent the anemic, oxidative damage, renal and hepatic injury initiated by CdCl2. Conclusions. The study reveals that trévo is effective in attenuating cadmium-induced hepatorenal toxicity in male Wistar rats.

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