Nutritional Potential and Bioactive Compounds in Cereus jamacaru DC: An Multifaceted Cactus From Brazilian Semiarid

Cereus jamacaru DC. is an endemic cactus of the Brazilian semiarid region empirically used by humans for forage, food and medicinal purposes. In this paper, we characterize the physicochemical and phytochemical profile of the C. jamacaru cladode and fruits, outlining their nutritional implications. We evaluate the basic physicochemical characteristic of the fruits and the main classes of chemical compounds present in aqueous and ethanolic extracts from cladode, peel, and pulp of ripe and semi-ripe fruits through qualitatively and quantitatively methods. We analyze the data through descriptive statistics and variance analysis. The fruits have appropriate pH, acidity, and total soluble solid levels for the fruit processing industry and fresh consumption. We identified the presence of saponins, tannins, flavones, flavonols, and xanthones in all samples, but alkaloids and steroids were both detected in cladodes exclusively. The phenolic compound and flavonoid contents vary according to the extraction method and sample class. The cladodes and pulp of ripe fruits have the highest flavonoid levels, while the content of phenolic compounds had a high level in peels of ripe and semi-ripe fruits. The presence of these bioactive compounds implies that C. jamacaru products have relevant pharmacological interest and functionality for human (fruits) and domestic ruminant (cladodes) food. These applications can boost the agricultural-economic exploration of C. jamacaru and contribute to income generation, and improve human and animal nutrition.

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Analysis of gas exchange in trees of the Caatinga, Brazil

Revista Ibero-Americana de Ciências Ambientais ◽

10.6008/cbpc2179-6858.2019.004.0003 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 21-35

Author(s):

Joaci Dos Santos Cerqueira ◽

Helder Neves de Albuquerque ◽

Mário Luiz Farias Cavalcanti ◽

Francisco De Assis Salviano de Sousa

Keyword(s):

Gas Exchange ◽

Semiarid Region ◽

Gas Analyzer ◽

Tukey Test ◽

Botanical Species ◽

Spad Value ◽

Brazilian Semiarid ◽

Infra Red ◽

High Level ◽

Aspidosperma Pyrifolium

In the Brazilian semiarid region, the high temperatures in association with the high level of solar radiation and variations in the concentration of CO2 which of focus on plants may influence the physical conformation of vegetables and their growth. On the basis of the above, the objective of this work to evaluate the content of gas exchange and chlorophyll in plants typical of Caatinga, associating possible interference of the power plant Borborema thermal S/A. the study carried out in the period of 2014-2018 with botanical species in two areas of the caatinga of Paraiba. To analyze the variables used the infra Red Gas Analyzer (RGA) and the SPAD. In using SPAD equipment it was found that the species had higher SPAD value were Aspidosperma pyrifolium Mart., (SPAD=50) P300. As the analyzes of gas exchange by the LCpro+, obtained greater record in plant Aspidosperma pyrifolium Mart. In point (P400). The maximum values of E and points were recorded (P600) (E=3.44>335 mmol.H2O.m-².s-¹) and (P100) (E=3.16mmol.H2O.m-².s-¹), both second collection. The first collection the highest registered was E=2.30mmol.H2O.m-².s-¹ (P600), Ziziphus species Joazeiro. In relation of the Tukey test, it was found that the transpiration of tree species, were higher in the second collection, the range of confidence (a, b) were significantly different. It was concluded that the indexes were higher by SPAD the occasion of the 2ª collection. The Ci presented low variation between the two periods. It was so, a non-correlation between the collections and areas surveyed.

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Study of the Antioxidant Activity of Cactus (Opuntia dellienii) Fruits (Pulp and Peels) and Characterisation of their Bioactive Compounds by GC-MS

Basrah Journal of Agricultural Sciences ◽

10.37077/25200860.2021.34.2.16 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 204-219

Author(s):

Alya J. A. Alsaad ◽

Lina S. Mohammed

Keyword(s):

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Chemical Compounds ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Fruit Pulp ◽

Hexane Extracts ◽

High Level ◽

Southern Iraq ◽

Peel Extract ◽

Opuntia Dillenii

The present study aims to identify and characterize the chemical compounds present in the extracts of cactus pear Opuntia dillenii (OD) fruit which grow in southern Iraq and offer different health benefits. The physicochemical properties of the fruit juices (pulp and peels) were investigated. Fruit pulp and peel extracts carried the symbols: hexane pulp extract (HPuE), hexane peel extract (HPeE), ethanolic pulp extract (EPuE), and ethanolic peels extract (EPeE). The activel compound screened by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). HPuE and HPeE contained 40 bioactive compounds and 60 bioactive compounds were detected in EPuE and EPeE. The scavenging activity of DPPH free radicals records a high level of inhibition ranging from 34.8 to 90.3% for EPeE and from 32.9 to 89.9% for EPuE, while hexane extracts scavenging activities (HPeE and HPuE) were 24.9-78.9% and 20.7-73.3% respectively at concentrations of 20 – 80 µg.ml-1 this activity has received considerable attention because of their physiological functions

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Physicochemical quality, bioactive compounds and in vitro antioxidant activity of a new variety of passion fruit cv. BRS Sertão Forte (Passiflora cincinnata Mast.) from Brazilian Semiarid region

Scientia Horticulturae ◽

10.1016/j.scienta.2020.109595 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 272 ◽

pp. 109595

Author(s):

Graciete de Souza Silva ◽

Graciele da Silva Campelo Borges ◽

Clívia Danúbia Pinho da Costa Castro ◽

Saulo de Tarso Aidar ◽

Aline Telles Biasoto Marques ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Passion Fruit ◽

Semiarid Region ◽

New Variety ◽

Physicochemical Quality ◽

Brazilian Semiarid ◽

In Vitro Antioxidant Activity

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Nitrogen Stocks in Soil Classes Under Different Land Uses in the Brazilian Semiarid Region

Journal of soil science and plant nutrition ◽

10.1007/s42729-021-00466-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Uemeson José dos Santos ◽

Everardo Valadares de Sá Barretto Sampaio ◽

Eunice Maia de Andrade ◽

Alexandre de Siqueira Pinto ◽

Bruno de Oliveira Dias ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Semiarid Region ◽

Land Uses ◽

Brazilian Semiarid

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Management of water supply systems from interbasin transfers: case study in the Brazilian semiarid region

Urban Water Journal ◽

10.1080/1573062x.2021.1925703 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

José Almir Cirilo ◽

Alfredo Ribeiro Neto ◽

Nyadja Menezes Rodrigues Ramos ◽

Carla Fernanda Fortunato ◽

Júlia Daniele Silva de Souza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Supply ◽

Semiarid Region ◽

Water Supply Systems ◽

Brazilian Semiarid ◽

Interbasin Transfers ◽

Supply Systems

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MTMS-Based Aerogel Constructs for Immobilization of Plant Hairy Roots: Effects on Proliferation of Rindera graeca Biomass and Extracellular Secretion of Naphthoquinones

Journal of Functional Biomaterials ◽

10.3390/jfb12010019 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 19

Author(s):

Bartosz Nowak ◽

Mateusz Kawka ◽

Kamil Wierzchowski ◽

Katarzyna Sykłowska-Baranek ◽

Maciej Pilarek

Keyword(s):

Polyurethane Foam ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Hairy Roots ◽

Reference System ◽

Culture System ◽

In Vitro Cultures ◽

Fresh Mass ◽

Extracellular Secretion ◽

High Level

Unique biosynthetic abilities revealed by plants determine in vitro cultures of hairy roots as a suitable source of pharmaceutically relevant bioactive compounds. The basic aim of the study was to examine the applicability of aerogel composed of methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) for immobilization of Rindera graeca hairy roots by identifying quantitative effects of biomass proliferation and naphthoquinones extracellular secretion in the aerogel-supported culture system. R. graeca hairy roots were simultaneously cultured for 28-days, as (i) nonimmobilized biomass (reference system), (ii) biomass immobilized on macroporous polyurethane foam (PUF), (iii) biomass with disintegrated MTMS aerogel, (iv) biomass immobilized on polypropylene (PP) fibers (as control), and (v) biomass immobilized on monolithic PP-reinforced MTMS aerogel. MTMS aerogel exhibited high level of biocompatibility toward R. graeca hairy roots which grew into the structure of monolithic aerogel-based constructs. Monolithic MTMS-based constructs significantly promoted the proliferation of hairy roots, resulting in 55% higher fresh mass than the reference system. The highest level of naphthoquinones productivity, i.e., 653 µg gDW−1, was noted for PUF-supported culture system.

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Spatial distribution and temporal variation of microcrustaceans assembly (Cladocera and Copepoda) in different compartments of a reservoir in the brazilian semiarid region

Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia ◽

10.1590/s2179-975x9616 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 30 (0) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Josiane Souza Santos ◽

Nadson Ressyé Simões ◽

Sérgio Luiz Sonoda

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Spatial Variation ◽

Temporal Variation ◽

Aquatic Macrophytes ◽

Temporal Dynamics ◽

Lateral Compartment ◽

Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽

Semiarid Region ◽

Brazilian Semiarid ◽

Significant Spatial Variation

Abstract Aim: The objective of this study was to investigate the spatial and temporal variation of microcrustacean assemblages of a reservoir in the Brazilian semiarid region. Methods Physical and chemical water variables and samples of microcrustaceans were collected at eight sites of the reservoir between July 2013 and November 2014, in a total of seven campaigns. For this study, the reservoir was categorized in two compartments: lateral and central. Results Limnological variables showed significant temporal variation (PERMANOVA, Pseudo-F = 19.51, p = 0.001). Higher turbidity values and suspended solids were observed in the rainiest months, while during the dry months, we measured higher values of transparency, dissolved oxygen, and chlorophyll-a. It was not found significant spatial variation of limnological variables (PERMANOVA, Pseudo-F = 0.96; p = 0.394). During the study period, ten species were recorded: four Cladocera (Ceriodaphnia cornuta, Daphnia gessneri, Diaphanosoma birgei and Diaphanosoma spinulosum ) three Copepoda Calanoida (Argyrodiaptomus azevedoi, Notodiaptomus cearensis and Notodiaptomus iheringi) and three Copepoda Cyclopoida (Macrocyclops albidus, Thermocyclops minutus and Thermocyclops decipiens). The microcrustacean assemblages showed significant temporal variation (PERMANOVA, Pseudo-F = 4.34; p = 0.001) as well as significant spatial variation (PERMANOVA, Pseudo-F = 9.46; p = 0.001). The highest values of abundance and richness were observed in the lateral compartment, this result is mainly related to the presence of aquatic macrophytes in this region, because the analysis of partial RDA indicated that limnological variables explained only 11% of this variation (Pseudo-F = 2.08, p = 0.001). Conclusions The results suggest that the seasonality of the semiarid is an important factor in the temporal dynamics of the limnological variables, while the aquatic macrophytes play an important role in the spatial distribution of the microcrustacean assembly.

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