Eritema nodoso: gatta ci cova

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 304-308
Author(s):  
Caterina Bacci ◽  
Sara Picariello ◽  
Francesco Vierucci ◽  
Carlo Mazzatenta ◽  
Angelina Vaccaro
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Manifestation ◽  
Erythema Nodosum ◽  
Bartonella Henselae ◽  
Diagnostic Evaluation ◽  
Cat Scratch Disease ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Atypical Manifestations ◽  
Systemic Symptoms ◽  
Atypical Manifestation ◽  
Subsequent Onset

Erythema nodosum is a panniculitis that can be triggered by many different stimuli. The paper describes the case of a child who presented with erythema nodosum as the unique clinical manifestation of cat scratch disease. Bartonella henselae infection usually presents with non-tender papule in the scratch line followed by subsequent onset of regional lymphadenopathy eventually associated with systemic symptoms. It can also present with atypical manifestation, such as erythema nodosum. The heterogeneity of the clinical presentations makes the disease to be underdiagnosed, whereby it is important to recognize atypical manifestations. Therefore, it is recommended to include Bartonella henselae serology in the diagnostic evaluation of erythema nodosum.

Cat Scratch Disease

2019 ◽  
pp. 136-138
Author(s):  
Remide Arkun
Keyword(s):  
Bartonella Henselae ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Cat Scratch Disease ◽  
Tissue Sampling ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Atypical Manifestations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Severe Systemic Disease

Chapter 94 reviews cat scratch disease, which is an infection caused by Bartonella henselae, a gram-negative intracellular Bacillus, which causes granulomatous inflammation of the tissues. There is usually a history of exposure to cats, and cat scratch, bite or licking. The disease is characterized by chronic lymphadenopathy in children and adolescents. In immunocompromised patients, severe systemic disease or other atypical manifestations may develop, including osteomyelitis together with ipsilateral lymphadenopathy. A history of cat exposure, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and other serologic tests are helpful in diagnosis and complement imaging findings. Tissue sampling of lymph nodes or bones reveals granulomatous infection.

Cat-scratch disease: Otolaryngologic manifestations and management

2005 ◽  
Vol 132 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerd Jürgen Ridder ◽  
Carsten Christof Boedeker ◽  
Katja Technau-Ihling ◽  
Anna Sander
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Bartonella Henselae ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
Cat Scratch Disease ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Lymph Node Enlargement ◽  
Parinaud’S Oculoglandular Syndrome ◽  
Common Manifestation ◽  
Atypical Manifestation

OBJECTIVE: The bacteria Bartonella henselae has been known as the principal causative agent of cat-scratch disease (CSD) since 1992. It is an important cause of infectious lymphadenopathies in the head and neck. Nevertheless, CSD often remains unrecognized in cases of cervicofacial lymph node enlargement. STUDY DESIGN: Between January 1997 and May 2003, we conducted a prospective clinical study including 721 patients with primarily unclear masses in the head and neck. RESULTS: CSD was diagnosed by serology and molecular investigations in 99 patients (13.7%; median age 33 years). Cervicofacial lymphadenopathy was the most common manifestation. Atypical manifestation of CSD including Parinaud's oculoglandular syndrome, swelling of the parotid gland and erythema nodosum were diagnosed in 8.1%, 8.1%, and 2.0% of cases, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that CSD is a major cause of enlarged cervicofacial lymph nodes and should therefore be included in the differential diagnosis of lymphadenopathy in the head and neck region.

scholarly journals What Is in a Cat Scratch? Growth of Bartonella henselae in a Biofilm

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 835
Author(s):  
Udoka Okaro ◽  
Sierra George ◽  
Burt Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Bartonella Henselae ◽  
Biological Significance ◽  
Mammalian Host ◽  
Cat Scratch Disease ◽  
Cat Flea ◽  
Clinical Presentations

Bartonella henselae (B. henselae) is a gram-negative bacterium that causes cat scratch disease, bacteremia, and endocarditis, as well as other clinical presentations. B. henselae has been shown to form a biofilm in vitro that likely plays a role in the establishment and persistence of the bacterium in the host. Biofilms are also known to form in the cat flea vector; hence, the ability of this bacterium to form a biofilm has broad biological significance. The release of B. henselae from a biofilm niche appears to be important in disease persistence and relapse in the vertebrate host but also in transmission by the cat flea vector. It has been shown that the BadA adhesin of B. henselae is critical for adherence and biofilm formation. Thus, the upregulation of badA is important in initiating biofilm formation, and down-regulation is important in the release of the bacterium from the biofilm. We summarize the current knowledge of biofilm formation in Bartonella species and the role of BadA in biofilm formation. We discuss the evidence that defines possible mechanisms for the regulation of the genes required for biofilm formation. We further describe the regulation of those genes in the conditions that mimic both the arthropod vector and the mammalian host for B. henselae. The treatment for persistent B. henselae infection remains a challenge; hence, a better understanding of the mechanisms by which this bacterium persists in its host is critical to inform future efforts to develop drugs to treat such infections.

Ocular complications of cat scratch disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (12) ◽  
pp. 1640-1646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Bartonella Henselae ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Retinal Artery Occlusion ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Cat Scratch Disease ◽  
Positive Serology ◽  
History Of ◽  
Systemic Symptoms ◽  
Parinaud’S Oculoglandular Syndrome

Cat scratch disease (CSD) in humans is caused by infection with Bartonella henselae or other Bartonella spp. The name of the disease reflects the fact that patients frequently have a history of contact (often involving bites or scratches) with infected cats. Patients with CSD typically develop lesions at the site where the skin is broken together with regional lymphadenopathy but may go on to exhibit systemic symptoms and with deep-seated infections at a range of sites including the eye. Patients with CSD may present with a range of inflammatory eye conditions, including Parinaud’s oculoglandular syndrome, neuroretinitis, multifocal retinitis, uveitis and retinal artery occlusion. Bartonella spp. are fastidious bacteria that are difficult to culture from clinical specimens so microbiological diagnosis is frequently made on the basis of positive serology for anti-Bartonella antibodies or detection of bacterial DNA by PCR. Due to the lack of clinical trials, the evidence base for optimal management of patients with CSD-associated eye infections (including the role of antibiotics) is weak, being derived from single reports or small, uncontrolled case series.

scholarly journals SystemicBartonella henselaeInfection in Immunocompetent Adult Presenting as Fever of Unknown Origin

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thierry Zenone
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Fever Of Unknown Origin ◽  
Bartonella Henselae ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Cat Scratch Disease ◽  
Immunocompetent Adult ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Splenic Involvement ◽  
Immunocompetent Adults

Systemic clinical presentations of infection caused byBartonella henselaeare rare in immunocompetent adults. We report four cases with hepatic and/or splenic involvement, presenting as fever of unknown origin. We discuss diagnosis and treatment of this infection.Bartonella henselaeserology allows an easy diagnosis of hepatosplenic involvement in cat scratch disease, a clinical picture that appears to be underrecognized.

scholarly journals Optical neurorretinitis by Bartonella Henselae - case report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raddib Eduardo Noleto da Nobrega Oliveira ◽  
Rafael Pereira Guimarães ◽  
Maria Eduarda Angelo de Mendonça Filleti ◽  
Thábata Emanuelle Martins Nunes
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Bartonella Henselae ◽  
Ocular Involvement ◽  
Cat Scratch Disease ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
Parinaud’S Oculoglandular Syndrome

Introduction: Cat scratch disease is an infection caused by Bartonella henselae, usually transmitted to humans through cat scratch or bite. The most common clinical manifestation is lymphadenitis, but 5 to 10% of patients with cat scratch disease may have ocular involvement. Objectives and methodology: This work aims to report a case of Neuroretinitis optica by Bartonella Henselae. Data were collected through analysis of medical records with the patient’s consent. Results / Case report: Female, 22 years old, born in Joinville, presented, acutely, decreased visual acuity in RE, without pain on eye movement. She reported flu with fever in the previous month and denied recent vaccination. Visual acuity was 20/40 in RE and the fundus revealed papilla edema, hemorrhage and uveitis (+ / 4 +). In laboratory tests there were no changes. Serology for toxoplasmosis revealed a slight increase in IgM and the other serologies were negative. Sulfamethoxazole 800 mg / trimethoprim 160 mg started 12/12 hs and prednisone 80 mg / day, without improvement. Evolved with worsening and visual acuity (20/100) in OD. Retinography showed vascular narrowing, papillary blurring, decreased foveal brightness and macular edema, configuring optic neuritis D, with no changes in the LE. The neurological evaluation did not find any findings other than visual changes. The CSF study, cranial and orbit MRs were normal. At that time, the patient reported having had contact with a dead kitten. Serology was positive for Bartonella (IgM 1/100). Doxycycline 100mg started at 12 / 12h. After 15 days, a stellate macula and a slight improvement in papilla edema were observed. The patient evolved with full recovery. Conclusion: B.henselae is the main etiological agent of DAG. Kittens are the main reservoirs of B.henselae. Contact with mucous membranes or conjunctivae may be involved. Cat scratch disease (GAD) has two clinical presentations. Typical GAD is characterized by subacute regional lymphadenopathy; atypical GAD is the designation for numerous manifestations involving several organs, and occurs in 10- 15% of cases, being responsible for Parinaud’s oculoglandular syndrome.

scholarly journals Cervical Cat Scratch Disease Lymphadenitis in a Patient with Immunoglobulin M Antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii

2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 496-498
Author(s):  
Mardjan Arvand ◽  
Ilkay Kazak ◽  
Sergije Jovanovic ◽  
Hans-Dieter Foss ◽  
Oliver Liesenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Bartonella Henselae ◽  
Cervical Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Cat Scratch Disease ◽  
Specific Immunoglobulin ◽  
Acute Toxoplasmosis

ABSTRACT We report on a young patient with chronic cervical lymphadenopathy and serological and histological evidence for infection with Bartonella henselae and Toxoplasma gondii. Serological follow-up studies, including testing for avidity of Toxoplasma-specific immunoglobulin G antibodies, assisted in the determination of the cause of the acute lymphadenitis. Our results suggest that the clinical symptoms were most likely due to cat scratch disease rather than to acute toxoplasmosis.

Positional Hand Pallor and Isolated Epitrochlear Lymphadenitis Secondary to Bartonella henselae Infection.

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 914-917
Author(s):  
Siti Nuradliah Jamil ◽  
Ilham Ameera Ismail ◽  
Siti Fatimah Badlishah Sham ◽  
Norliana Dalila Mohamad Ali
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Bartonella Henselae ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Cat Scratch Disease ◽  
Serological Evidence ◽  
External Compression ◽  
Head And Neck Region

Cat scratch disease is a communicable disease caused by the Bartonella henselae bacteria. Regional lymphadenopathy is the hallmark of cat scratch disease and about 75% of lymphadenopathy cases are localized in the head and neck region. An epitrochlear lymphadenopathy is a rare condition at any age and often misdiagnosed as it is not normally palpable. External compression of an enlarged epitrochlear lymph node compromising vascularity was not mentioned in any literature before. We present a case of a 13-year-old girl with right positional ipsilateral hand pallor and epitrochlear lymphadenitis with serological evidence of Bartonella henselae infection. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(4) 2021 p.914-917

A Case of Fatal Disseminated Bartonella henselae Infection (Cat-Scratch Disease) With Encephalitis

2007 ◽  
Vol 131 (10) ◽  
pp. 1591-1594
Author(s):  
Brandy Fouch ◽  
Susan Coventry
Keyword(s):  
Bartonella Henselae ◽  
Neurologic Manifestations ◽  
Cat Scratch Disease ◽  
Systemic Dissemination ◽  
Lymphocytic Infiltrates ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Limited Process

Abstract Cat-scratch disease resulting from Bartonella henselae infection is usually a benign, self-limited process in immunocompetent children. Even the rare cases associated with neurologic manifestations are not generally fatal. We report a case of a previously healthy 6-year-old boy with cat-scratch disease, systemic dissemination, and encephalitis that led to his death. Autopsy revealed perivascular lymphocytic infiltrates and microglial nodules in the brain. To our knowledge, this finding has not been previously reported in B henselae infection, possibly because of the paucity of material available for complete neuropathologic evaluation. This case illustrates the extreme severity of the spectrum with which cat-scratch disease can present and provides evidence of brain histopathology that may be representative of the disease.

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