scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of the water-soluble ash extract from the invasive weed Parthenium hysterophorus L.

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (02) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar Joshi ◽  
Deepak Kumar Semwal ◽  
Ankit Kumar ◽  
Ashutosh Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Parthenium Hysterophorus ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Medicinal Properties

Parthenium hysterophorus L., also known as congress grass or carrot grass, is a widely distributed invasive weed which is a big challenge for sustainable agriculture. For the past several years, a number of attempts have been made to evaluate its medicinal properties. The present study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the water-soluble ash extract of P. hysterophorus against different bacterial and fungal pathogens. The disc diffusion method was used to measure zone of inhibition (ZOI) whereas broth microdilution method was used to evaluate minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extract. The extract was found most effective against Staphylococcus aureus with a ZOI value of 33.5 mm at 33 mg/mL concentration when compared with ofloxacin (ZOI = 39.5 mm at 5 μg/disc). The extract was also found active against Salmonella enterica, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli with ZOI values of 25.5, 32.5 and 25.5 mm, respectively. The present study revealed that the ash extract of P. hysterophorus has potential to inhibit various bacterial species. However, the tested fungal pathogens like Candida albicans were found unaffected after treating with the ash extract.

scholarly journals Synergistic Effect and Antiquorum Sensing Activity ofNymphaea tetragona(Water Lily) Extract

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Akil Hossain ◽  
Ji-Yong Park ◽  
Jin-Yoon Kim ◽  
Joo-Won Suh ◽  
Seung-Chun Park
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Water Lily ◽  
Butanol Fraction ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method

Salmonellosis is a common and widely distributed food borne disease whereSalmonella typhimuriumis one of the most important etiologic agents. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity ofNymphaea tetragonaalone and in combination with antibiotics againstS. typhimurium. It also aimed to assess the plant for quorum sensing inhibition (QSI) activity and to identify the bioactive compounds. The antibacterial activities of the extract were assessed using broth microdilution method. Disk agar diffusion method was employed to determine the QSI and bioactive compounds were identified by GC-MS analysis. Ethyl acetate fraction ofN. tetragonaextract (EFNTE) demonstrated good antimicrobial activity (MIC 781 μg/mL) against 4 strains out of 5. FIC index ranged from 0.375 to 1.031 between EFNTE/tylosin and 0.515 to 1.250 between EFNTE/streptomycin againstS. typhimurium. Among all extracts, EFNTE and butanol fraction more significantly inhibited pigment production ofC. violaceum. Polyphenols were identified as major compound of EFNTE and butanol fraction. These results indicate that combination amongN. tetragonaextract and antibiotics could be useful to combat drug-resistanceSalmonellainfections and polyphenols are promising new components fromN. tetragonathat warrant further investigation as a candidate anti-Salmonellaagent and quorum sensing inhibitor.

Antimicrobial Essential Oil Combinations to Combat Foot Odour

Planta Medica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (09/10) ◽  
pp. 662-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ané Orchard ◽  
Alvaro Viljoen ◽  
Sandy van Vuuren
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antimicrobial Efficacy ◽  
Juniperus Virginiana ◽  
Broth Microdilution ◽  
Synergistic Interactions ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method

AbstractFoot odour (bromodosis) is an embarrassing and perplexing condition mostly caused by bacteria of the Brevibacterium species. Essential oils are a credible option as an affordable treatment of odour and contribute towards antimicrobial efficacy. Therefore, this study sets out to investigate the antimicrobial activity of essential oil combinations against odour-causing bacteria. The broth microdilution method was used to investigate the antimicrobial activity of 119 essential oil combinations, and the fractional inhibitory index was calculated to determine the interactive profile. Combinations that resulted in synergy in 1 : 1 ratios were further evaluated in different concentrations, and isobolograms were plotted to determine the influence of the ratio on overall activity. Numerous combinations could be identified as having synergistic interactions against the Brevibacterium spp. and no antagonism was observed. The combination of Juniperus virginiana (juniper) and Styrax benzoin (benzoin) demonstrated synergy against all three Brevibacterium spp. tested and J. virginiana was the essential oil responsible for the majority of the synergistic interactions. The results reported here confirm the promising potential of the majority of these oils and selected combinations in treating and controlling bromodosis.

Physicochemical Characterization and In-Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Chitosan Extracted from Shrimp Shells Waste from Beni Saf Sea, Algeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 122-129
Author(s):  
Fatma Youcefi ◽  
Ali Riazi ◽  
Meriem Mokhtar ◽  
Tefiani Choukri ◽  
Khaouani Naima
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Organic Polymer ◽  
In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Physiochemical Parameters ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Molecular Arrangement ◽  
Shrimp Shells ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method

Chitosan is the most abundant natural organic polymer in nature. Its positive charge and its molecular arrangement confer interesting properties on the plane food, pharmaceutical, medical, cosmetic, water treatment. The present study was undertaken to study the physiochemical parameters and the in vitro antimicrobial activity of chitosan extracted from shrimp shells waste. The molecular weight of chitosan is 1414.33±16.99 kDa with, the percent of Ash 0,345±0,040 %, moisture is 2,98 ±0,13 % , and protein is 0.3 ±0,041 %.Chitosan produced (5 %) was also characterized with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) the spectrum of the chitosan sample from the shell recorded 16 peaks in the range of 689.40/cm and 3430.02 /cm. The antibacterial and antifungul activities of chitosan were examined against Escherichia coli ATCC10536, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC7644, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC29213, Aspergillus niger ATCC 16888 and Candida albicans ATCC 10231 by agar wells diffusion the tests inhibitions zones diameters were 49,74± 0,75 , 54,35±0,93 , 42,27±1,07 , 32,95±0,28 and 53,73±0,64mm respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using a broth microdilution method against tested microorganisms was ranging from 008% to 1.22%. These results open interesting perspectives of the chitosan. It can be used as new biomaterial with utility in many industrial areas.

Synthesis and Antibacterial Activities of Amidine Substituted Monocyclic β-Lactams

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijuan Zhai ◽  
Lili He ◽  
Yuanbai Liu ◽  
Ko Ko Myo ◽  
Zafar Iqbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Lead Target ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Clinical Interest

Background: Mononcyclic β-lactams are regarded as the most resistant class of β-lactams against a series of β-lactamases though possess limited antibacterial activity. Aztreonam being the first clinically approved monobactam needs broad-spectrum efficacy through structural modification. Objective: We strive to synthesize a number of monocyclic β-lactams by varying the substituents at N1, C3 and C4 positions of azetidinone ring and study the antimicrobial effect on variable bacterial strains. Methods: Seven new monobactam derivatives 23a-g, containing substituted-amidine moieties linked to the azetidinone ring via thiazole linker, were synthesized through multistep synthesis. The final compounds were investigated for their in vitro antibacterial activities using broth microdilution method, against ten bacterial strains of clinical interest. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of newly synthesized derivatives were compared with aztreonam, ceftazidime and meropenem, existing clinical antibiotics. Results: All compounds 23a-g showed higher antibacterial activities (MIC 0.25 µg/mL to 64 µg/mL) against tested strains as compared to aztreonam (MIC 16 µg/mL to >64 µg/mL) and ceftazidime (MIC >64 µg/mL). However all compounds, except 23d, exhibited lower antibacterial activity against all tested bacterial strains as compared to meropenem. Conclusion: Compound 23d showed comparable or improved antibacterial activity (MIC 0.25 µg/mL to 2 µg/mL) to meropenem (MIC 1 µg/mL to 2 µg/mL) in case of seven bacterial species. Therefore, compound 23d may be valuable lead target for further investigations against multi-drug resistant Gram-negative bacteria.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Anthriscus nemorosa Root Essential Oil

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100600
Author(s):  
Milica Pavlović ◽  
Silvana Petrović ◽  
Marina Milenković ◽  
Maria Couladis ◽  
Olga Tzakou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis Atcc ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Total Oil ◽  
Root Essential Oil

The essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from the roots of Anthriscus nemorosa (Bieb.) Sprengel (Umbelliferae) was analyzed by GC and GC-MS. Among sixty-two compounds identified (representing 89.0% of the total oil), the main components were: n-nonane (12.1%), n-hexadecanol (6.9%), δ-cadinene (6.4%), β-pinene (6.0%) and germacrene D (5.4%). Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity of the oil was evaluated against the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC 12228) and Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633), the Gramnegative bacterium Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), and a yeast Candida albicans (ATCC 10259 and ATCC 24433) using the broth microdilution method.

scholarly journals A Comparative antimicrobial analysis of Tridax procumbens L. various extracts on waterborne bacterial pathogens

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhu Pandey ◽  
Anand Pandey ◽  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
Ashutosh Pathak ◽  
Anupam Dikshit
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Tridax Procumbens ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Water Borne

The present study focussed on the bactericidal effect of Tridax procumbens L. against water borne bacterial pathogens. The bacterial species used in present study were Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella typhimurium and Klebsiella pneumoniae, which cause serious diseases like Diarrhoea, Cholera, Salmonellosis, Pneumonia, etc. CLSI recommended broth microdilution method was used in this study for assessing the antibacterial efficacy of the candidate plant extract. Results were depicted in the form of IC50 (mg/ml) and MIC (mg/ml) values. On the basis of this study it can be interpreted that Tridax procumbens L. proved to be a very potential source of antibacterial agent against some water borne bacterial.Pandey et al., International Current Pharmaceutical Journal, February 2016, 5(3): 22-26

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Exebacase (Lysin CF-301) against the Most Common Causes of Infective Endocarditis

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aubrey Watson ◽  
Jun Taek Oh ◽  
Karen Sauve ◽  
Patricia A. Bradford ◽  
Cara Cassino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Broth Microdilution ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Cell Wall Hydrolase ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Common Causes

ABSTRACT Exebacase, a recombinantly produced lysin (cell wall hydrolase), and comparator antibiotics were tested by the broth microdilution method against strain sets of Staphylococcus and Streptococcus spp., which are the most common causes of infective endocarditis in humans. Exebacase was active against all Staphylococcus spp. tested, including S. aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci (MIC50/90, 0.5/1 μg/ml). Activity against Streptococcus spp. was variable, with S. pyogenes, S. agalactiae, and S. dysgalactiae (MIC50/90, 1/2 μg/ml) among the most susceptible.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Olea europaea Fatty Oil against Multi-Drug Resistant and Biofilm Forming Microorganisms

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 498-502
Author(s):  
Haifaa Bawie NAJEE ◽  
Dunya ALKURJIA ◽  
Othman ALMAHDAWY ◽  
Crina KAMERZAN ◽  
Luminita MARUTESCU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Olea Europaea ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Fatty Oil ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Biofilm Development ◽  
Microtiter Assay ◽  
Olea Europaéa

The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential antimicrobial activity of Olea europaea fatty oil against a collection of bacterial (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and fungal (Candida albicans) clinical isolates. The antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity were evaluated by broth microdilution method for establishing the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and microtiter assay for determining the minimal biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC). Some of the potential microbial targets of the fatty oil were investigated by flow cytometry (FCM). The results obtained hereby revealed that Olea europaea fatty oil inhibited microbial planktonic growth (MICs values of 5.23-41.8 mg/ mL) and biofilm development on inert substrata (MBEC values of 1.31-20.9 mg/ mL). The FCM measurements confirmed that the analyzed oil induced microbial membrane damages and inhibited microbial efflux pump activity.

INVITRO EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF CLOVE BUDS( EUGINEA AROMATICA)

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
A.Mounika A.Mounika ◽  
M.Sushma M.Sushma ◽  
Lahari Sidde Lahari Sidde ◽  
Sankara Malathi Sankara Malathi ◽  
Konapalli Rajani Konapalli Rajani
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Clove Oil ◽  
Agar Diffusion ◽  
Variant Method ◽  
Varied Range

Bioactive compounds from Eugenia  aromaticum were extracted by Soxhlet using DCM ,DCM;WATER,WATER and extracts were examined for its phytocomponents along with Clove oil. These bioactive plant compounds were screened for possible antimicrobial activities against two strains of MDR S. aureus. Antimicrobial activity of extracts using agar diffusion disc variant  method. The objective of this study was to evaluate technical variants used in screening methods to determine antibacterial activity of natural products. Thus, a varied range of natural products of plant were tested against two bacterial species,m Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and klebesella pnemonia ATCC 25922, by two variants of the agar diffusion method (well and disc), two variants of the bio autographic method (direct and indirect) and by microdilution assay. We concluded that the well-variant of the diffusion method was more sensitive than the disc-variant,  it was found extract 1 ie,DCM  and extract 2 i.e DCM;WATER had shown best results on antimicrobial activity ,phytocvhemical screening test are done for three extractsn invitro evalvation of antimicrobial activity was performed.

scholarly journals Composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of the leaves of black currant (Ribes nigrum L.) cultivar Cacanska crna

2010 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatjana Stevic ◽  
Katarina Savikin ◽  
Mihailo Ristic ◽  
Gordana Zdunic ◽  
Teodora Jankovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Flame Ionization Detection ◽  
Ribes Nigrum ◽  
Black Currant ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Micro Organisms

The essential oil from the leaves of the Serbian black currant cultivar Cacanska crna, obtained by hydrodistillation, was analyzed by gas Chromatography flame ionization detection and GC-mass spectrometry. The most abundant volatile compounds were ?3-carene (18.7 %), ?-caryophyllene (17.7 %), sabinene (11.6 %), cis-?-ocimene (10.6 %) and ?-terpinolene (10.6%). The antimicrobial activity of the oil was evaluated against 14 micro-organisms, including two clinical isolated strains, using the broth microdilution method. The most susceptible micro-organisms were Escherichia coli, Streptococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans and Trichophyton mentagrophytes isolates. Furthermore, the flavonol aglycones in the leaves after acid hydrolysis were qualitatively and quantitatively analysed by HPLC, and quercetin was found to be the dominant compound (84 mg/g dw).

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