scholarly journals Current and future role of immobilized enzymes in medical field

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mohammad Rafiq Khan
Keyword(s):  
Immobilized Enzymes ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Future Role ◽  
Current Classification ◽  
Current Century ◽  
History Of

Although the history of immobilized enzymes and their applications in different fields are traced back to the second half of the twentieth century, their importance in bioreactors and biosensors highlighted at the turn of the current century is under active consideration in these days for broad-spectrum applications in different medical fields. Thus, this article presents a review of the literature concerning the current and future role of the immobilized enzymes in different medical fields. As the author and his supervised research groups have also been actively involved in research on immobilized enzymes, he has also made some input with a recommendation to revise the current classification of immobilized enzymes basically into “Naturally Immobilized” and “Artificially Immobilized Enzymes”, keeping the sub-classification intact. He has also suggested the development of some medical products based on the results of his research groups.

scholarly journals Role of the periodic table in discovery of new elements

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.C. Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Table ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Current Form ◽  
Future Role ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chemical Techniques

AbstractThis year (2009) marks the 140th Anniversary of Mendeleev's original 1869 periodic table of the elements based on atomic weights. It also marks the 175th anniversary of his birth in Tolbosk, Siberia. The history of the development of periodic tables of the chemical elements is briefly reviewed beginning with the presentation by Dmitri Mendeleev and his associate Nikolai Menshutkin of their original 1869 table based on atomic weights. The value, as well as the sometimes negative effects, of periodic tables in guiding the discovery of new elements based on their predicted chemical properties is assessed. It is noteworthy that the element with Z=101 (mendelevium) was identified in 1955 using chemical techniques. The discoverers proposed the name mendelevium to honor the predictive power of the Mendeleev Periodic Table. Mendelevium still remains the heaviest element to have been identified first by chemical rather than nuclear or physical techniques. The question concerning whether there will be a future role for the current form of the periodic table in predicting chemical properties and aid in the identification of elements beyond those currently known is considered.

scholarly journals Puelchesia gracilis, a new genus and species of Pachydemini endemic to the Monte biogeographic province in Argentina (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1349 (1) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
FEDERICO C. OCAMPO ◽  
ANDREW B.T. SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Scarab Beetle ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Biogeographic Province ◽  
Central Argentina ◽  
West Central ◽  
Current Classification ◽  
History Of

A new scarab beetle genus and species, Puelchesia gracilis, is described based on specimens collected in the Monte biogeographic province of west central Argentina. This genus is placed in the tribe Pachydemini based on an evaluation of the characters within the context of the current classification of the subfamily Melolonthinae. The distribution and natural history of the taxon is also discussed.

scholarly journals Interpretation of autoantibody positivity in interstitial lung disease and lung-dominant connective tissue disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 728-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Antunes Silva Pereira ◽  
Alexandre de Melo Kawassaki ◽  
Bruno Guedes Baldi
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Connective Tissue Disease ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Pulmonary Involvement ◽  
Pathophysiological Role ◽  
History Of

The initial evaluation of patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) primarily involves a comprehensive, active search for the cause. Autoantibody assays, which can suggest the presence of a rheumatic disease, are routinely performed at various referral centers. When interstitial lung involvement is the condition that allows the definitive diagnosis of connective tissue disease and the classical criteria are met, there is little debate. However, there is still debate regarding the significance, relevance, specificity, and pathophysiological role of autoimmunity in patients with predominant pulmonary involvement and only mild symptoms or formes frustes of connective tissue disease. The purpose of this article was to review the current knowledge of autoantibody positivity and to discuss its possible interpretations in patients with ILD and without clear etiologic associations, as well as to enhance the understanding of the natural history of an allegedly new disease and to describe the possible prognostic implications. We also discuss the proposition of a new term to be used in the classification of ILDs: lung-dominant connective tissue disease.

Intramuscular Haemangioma of the Extensor Pollicis Brevis Muscle with Periosteal Reaction of the Radius: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 724-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
EH Kayias ◽  
GI Drosos ◽  
KI Kazakos ◽  
C Iatrou ◽  
KS Blatsoukas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Periosteal Reaction ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Bone Changes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Intramuscular Haemangioma ◽  
History Of Pain ◽  
The Right

We report the rare case of a histologically proven mixed-type intramuscular haemangioma, adjacent to the periosteum of the radius, that caused a periosteal reaction. We also carried out a review of the literature relevant to this case. A 28-year-old male professional drummer presented with an 8-month history of pain and swelling of the dorsal aspect of the right radius. Diagnosis was established on the basis of plain radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging, and was confirmed by histology. The lesion was treated solely by resection of the soft-tissue mass. The patient remained asymptomatic 4 years post-operatively, with no radiographic signs of recurrence. From a review of the literature, it is evident that the terminology for haemangiomas causing regional bone changes is unclear. A new classification of the intramuscular haemangiomas is proposed in order to distinguish between lesions that, according to current knowledge, exhibit radiological and clinical areas of overlap.

Scotland, Malawi and Medicine: Livingstone's Legacy, I Presume? An Historical Perspective.

2007 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 36-44
Author(s):  
John Lwanda
Keyword(s):  
Medical History ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Future Role ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of

In this personal short historical perspective I reflect on aspects of the medical history of Malawi, formerly Nyasaland, highlighting the role of Scotland and its people in the development of the Malawi medical services in both the colonial as well as the postcolonial period which began in 1964. The paper, after discussing the history of medical training in Malawi and current constraints and challenges, goes on to make some suggestions - based on historical lessons - about future role of Scottish involvement in Malawi's medical development. It would be unfortunate if, in a rush to ‘help or do something’ the mistakes of the past are repeated.

scholarly journals Współistnienie języków na ziemiach byłego Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego w świetle prac Jana Karłowicza

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 41-51
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Koniusz
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
The Social ◽  
Linguistic Interference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Grand Duchy Of Lithuania ◽  
Bilingualism And Multilingualism ◽  
Grand Duchy

Co-existence of languages in the area of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the light of the works of Jan KarłowiczThe article discusses the issues of the co-existence of languages in the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the consequences of the phenomenon as documented in the works of Jan Karłowicz – the outstanding scholar of the second half of the nineteenth century, an expert and researcher of the “Lithuanian” version of Polish language. The article emphasizes the fact that the research on languages in the area of The Grand Duchy of Lithuania and results of their co-existence goes back to the second half of the nineteenth century and Jan Karłowicz was the pioneer of this research. He was the first to observe the following phenomena of their co-existence: interference; bilingualism and multilingualism; prioritization of co-existing languages with the unique role of the Polish language in focusing various functions in the history of The Grand Duchy of Lithuania; the diversity of Polish with sociolinguistic classification of its provincia­lisms and their division in the view of their origin; and the dangers to the Polish language in the period of Russification. Karłowicz struggled with the lack of terminology to describe the linguistic phenomena characteristic for the area. The article focuses on the classification of provincial qualities of the “Lithuanian” Polish language executed by Karłowicz in the social and ethnolinguistic area; and on the presentation of the phenomenon of linguistic interference visible in the provincial vocabulary in The Grand Duchy of Lithuania collected in “Dictionary of Polish dialects” by Karłowicz. Сосуществование языков на территории бывшего Великого княжества Литовского в свете произведений Яна КарловичаЦель данной статьи – показать сосуществование языков на землях бывшего Великого княжества Литовского (ВКЛ) и последствий этого явления, засвидетельствованных в работах Яна Карловича, видного ученого второй половины девятнадцатого века, знатока и исследователя „литовского” польского языка. Автор статьи указывает на то, что изучение языков в Великом княжестве Литовском, последствиям их сосуществования относятся ко второй половине девятнадцатого века, а их первым исследователем был Карлович. Им впервые были отмечены такие проявления этого сосуществования, как языковая интерференция, билингвизм и многоязычие, иерархия сосуществующих языков и диалектов. Выделена особая роль польского языка, объединившего целый ряд функций в истории ВКЛ, дифференциация внутри польского языка, социолингвистическая классификация его диалектизмов и их деление по происхождению, угрозы для польского языка в период сильной русификации. Особое внимание автор статьи сосредоточил на классификации провинциальных особенностей „литовского” польского языка, осуществлённой Карловичем в социальном и этнолингвистическом плане, а также на проявлениях интерференции в провинциальной лексике, ведущей своё происхождение из Великого княжества Литовского, собранной в „Словаре польских диалектов” Карловича.

scholarly journals Computer-assisted detection and classification of misinformation about climate change

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Travis Coan ◽  
Constantine Boussalis ◽  
John Cook ◽  
Mirjam Nanko
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Science ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Think Tank ◽  
Detailed History ◽  
The Past ◽  
Computer Assisted Detection ◽  
History Of

A growing body of scholarship investigates the role of misinformation in shaping the debate on climate change. Our research builds on and extends this literature by 1) developing and validating a comprehensive taxonomy of climate misinformation, 2) conducting the largest content analysis to date on contrarian claims, 3) developing a computational model to accurately detect specific claims, and 4) drawing on an extensive corpus from conservative think-tank (CTTs) websites and contrarian blogs to construct a detailed history of misinformation over the past 20 years. Our study finds that climate misinformation produced by CTTs and contrarian blogs has focused on attacking the integrity of climate science and scientists and, increasingly, has challenged climate policy and renewable energy. We further demonstrate the utility of our approach by exploring the influence of corporate and foundation funding on the production and dissemination of specific contrarian claims.

scholarly journals The hero's journey: tracing the history of the myth to the celebrity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Goldberg
Keyword(s):  
Communication Technology ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Hero's Journey ◽  
Historical Time ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Different Types ◽  
History Of ◽  
Theoretical Analyses

The terms "hero," "heroism," and, more recently, "heroine," are broad, wide ranging, and contested terms prominent within academia yet there remains a general consensus that heroes are, historically, an essential component to society. This paper will identify that there are diverse Western cultural conceptions surrounding the hero. It is therefore important to trace the meaning behind the concept and draw conclusions as to whether or not the hero narrative has developed or shifted over time. Through an intensive review of the literature on the "hero," this research paper critically identifies the historical constructions, empirical observations, and theoretical analyses in order to explore and understand how the hero narrative has changed or retained timeless qualities of meaning or myth. As the hero developed from the Classical times to the present, through the periods of oral tradition to electronic media, those who are identified as a "hero" became more and more far-reaching. This paper constructs several empirical tables that identify similarities and differences concerning how Western society's classification of heroes has developed. By taking into account the different types of heroic figures that have existed across time, including Greek gods, soldiers, community workers, and celebrities, this paper establishes whether or not the conception of the "hero" changes depending on war, gender, race, popular culture, historical time period, and changes in communication technology.

Chronic Daily Headache- One Disease Or Two.? Diagnostic Role of Serum Ionized Magnesium

Cephalalgia ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Mauskop ◽  
BT Altura ◽  
RQ Cracco ◽  
BM Altura
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Daily Headache ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Current Classification ◽  
Diagnostic Role ◽  
History Of ◽  
Daily Headache ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Drug Overuse ◽  
Tension Type Headaches

The entity of chronic daily headache (CDH) is well documented, but is not included in the current classification. We divided patients with CDH into groups with and without migrainous features. This division resulted in clearly distinguishable syndromes of daily migrainous headaches (DMH) and daily tension-type headaches (DTH). Family history of headaches was more common in patients with DMH. Patients in both groups had a high incidence of caffeine or drug overuse. The clinical division into DMH and DTH was supported by our finding of a higher incidence of disturbed magnesium (Mg) metabolism in patients with DMH. Of 26 patients with DMH, 8 (30.8%) had low serum ionized, but not total, Mg levels, and 16 (61.5%) had high ionized calcium/magnesium ratios. The corresponding numbers for the 22 patients with DTH were 1 (4.5%) and 8 (30.4%). These new laboratory measurements offer possible biological markers for the diagnosis of different headache syndromes.

scholarly journals The hero's journey: tracing the history of the myth to the celebrity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Goldberg
Keyword(s):  
Communication Technology ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Hero's Journey ◽  
Historical Time ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Different Types ◽  
History Of ◽  
Theoretical Analyses

The terms "hero," "heroism," and, more recently, "heroine," are broad, wide ranging, and contested terms prominent within academia yet there remains a general consensus that heroes are, historically, an essential component to society. This paper will identify that there are diverse Western cultural conceptions surrounding the hero. It is therefore important to trace the meaning behind the concept and draw conclusions as to whether or not the hero narrative has developed or shifted over time. Through an intensive review of the literature on the "hero," this research paper critically identifies the historical constructions, empirical observations, and theoretical analyses in order to explore and understand how the hero narrative has changed or retained timeless qualities of meaning or myth. As the hero developed from the Classical times to the present, through the periods of oral tradition to electronic media, those who are identified as a "hero" became more and more far-reaching. This paper constructs several empirical tables that identify similarities and differences concerning how Western society's classification of heroes has developed. By taking into account the different types of heroic figures that have existed across time, including Greek gods, soldiers, community workers, and celebrities, this paper establishes whether or not the conception of the "hero" changes depending on war, gender, race, popular culture, historical time period, and changes in communication technology.

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