scholarly journals SURVIVAL AND NATURAL REGENERATION OF FOREST ESSENCES CULTIVATED IN ALTERED AREAS THIRTY-FIVE YEARS AFTER PLANTING

FLORESTA ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Harley Araújo da Silva ◽  
Thiago Augusto Da Cunha ◽  
Veronica Telma Da Rocha Passos

The evaluation of the survival and natural regeneration of tree species in a 35-year-old plantation was carried out to identify the species established in the area, aiming at their recommendation in forest restoration plantations in the State of Acre. In the 1980s, 138 forest species were planted in two experimental units (EU), of 1.38 ha each, in the Zoobotanical Park (ZP) of the Federal University of Acre, Rio Branco campus. The main activities carried out in the area, prior to planting, were agriculture and cattle raising.  Survival status was measured through a census of all individuals planted at the time, who were still alive. In addition, all regenerating individuals from planted species were surveyed in the effective planting area of the experimental units. At the time of evaluation, living individuals of 41 and 46 species were found in experimental units 1 (EU-1) and 2 (EU-2), respectively. The species Syagrus sancona, Talisia esculenta, Acacia polyphylla, Couepia bracteosa, Mangifera indica, Syzygium cumini and Copaifera multijuga showed survival rates above 90% in at least one of the experimental units. Only Syagrus sancona and Handroanthus serratifolius presented high survival rates in both experimental. Regenerating individuals of the species Aspidosperma vargasii, Couepia bracteosa, Euterpe precatoria, Handroanthus serratifolius, Oenocarpus mapora, Onychopetalum periquino and Stryphnodendron pulcherrimum were found in the two EU.

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 1728-1738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher E. Looney ◽  
Anthony W. D’Amato ◽  
Brian J. Palik ◽  
Robert A. Slesak

Fraxinus nigra Marsh. (black ash) wetland forests in northern Minnesota, USA, are threatened by the invasive insect, emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (EAB)). A potential management option is promoting regeneration of tree species that are not EAB hosts to maintain ecosystem functions. Using an operational-scale field experiment, we examined the survival of 12 alternative tree species in response to different canopy treatments. We planted the seedlings in 1.6 ha plots assigned to four replicated canopy treatments: untreated control, group selection (0.04 ha gaps, 20% of stand), black ash girdling to emulate EAB-induced mortality, and clearcut. Fall and spring plantings were used to compare the effects of spring ponding. Control (32.9%), group selection (34.5%), and girdling (33.3%) treatments had comparable overall seedling survival. Survival in the clear-cut treatments was significantly lower (22%). Species selection, overstory treatment, and season of planting together resulted in survival rates ranging from 0.08% to 94.1%. Conifer species had low overall rates of survival (10.7%), whereas some species with native ranges not presently overlapping with northern F. nigra forests, e.g., Quercus bicolor Willd. (75.5%), had high survival rates. If growth is light-limited, group selection may be effective in promoting recruitment and supporting a larger variety of species.


FLORESTA ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Makhlouta Alonso ◽  
Paulo Sérgio Dos Santos Leles ◽  
Telmo Borges Silveira Filho ◽  
Carlos Alberto Bernardo Mesquita ◽  
Marcos Lima Pereira ◽  
...  

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a diversidade de espécies florestais nativas produzidas nos viveiros do estado do Rio de Janeiro. O levantamento e diagnóstico foram realizados durante os meses de fevereiro, março e abril de 2010, sendo incluídos os viveiros que produziam mudas de espécies florestais da Mata Atlântica. O trabalho de campo consistiu em visitas a 70 viveiros florestais, nos quais foi requerida a lista das espécies produzidas e realizada entrevista com o responsável, sendo preenchido um questionário englobando diversos temas relacionados à produção de mudas. Foram observadas 277 espécies florestais nativas da Mata Atlântica sendo produzidas nos viveiros, que, em média, trabalham com 56 espécies nativas. A diversidade total de espécies florestais da Mata Atlântica produzidas nos viveiros do Estado do Rio de Janeiro é baixa, assim como a diversidade média, já que mais da metade dos viveiros trabalha com uma listagem de 50 ou menos espécies, número insuficiente considerando a diversidade de espécies florestais presentes nas diferentes formações vegetais do estado.Palavras-chave: Mudas florestais; restauração florestal; Mata Atlântica. AbstractAssessment of diversity of native species produced in forest nurseries of Rio de Janeiro State. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the diversity of native species produced by nurseries in the State of Rio de Janeiro. The diagnostic and survey were conducted during the months of February, March and April of the year 2010, the research included all nurseries that produced seedlings of Atlantic Forest species. The fieldwork consisted of visits to the 70 surveyed nurseries, in which a list of the species produced in the nursery was requested and the seedling production manager was interviewed, filling in a questionnaire covering various topics related to seedlings production. We observed 277 forest species native from the Atlantic Forest produced in the nurseries. In average, the nurseries produce 56 different native species. The total diversity of native species produced in the State of Rio de Janeiro is low, as well as the mean diversity, since more than half of the nurseries work with a list of 50 or fewer species, what is insufficient considering the diversity of forest species that occur in the different vegetation types of the state.Keywords: Forest seedlings; forest restoration; Atlantic Forest.


2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Tierney

In fire-prone habitats some long-lived tree species appear resilient to fire. However, fire frequency may affect recruitment patterns. This study investigates the reproductive features of the long-lived tree species Angophora inopina Hill in recognised priority conservation areas with a high fire frequency. Plants exhibit high survival rates when burnt and respond to fire events with high rates of growth, flowering and seed set. Aged capsules on plants contain few seeds but released seeds germinate readily, suggesting high viability, low dormancy and limited seed storage in aerial or soil seed banks. Population modelling indicates that the species will be resilient to low recruitment levels in the short term. However, over the long term, population structure is significant in determining the ability of the population to respond to recruitment cues. Thus, understanding and monitoring population structural change is a priority for this species.


2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. e930
Author(s):  
Jaqueline Da Silva Souza ◽  
Jardel Boscardin

The baruzeiro or baru (Dipteryx alata Vogel) is a tree species native to Brazil that is known for its production of edible nuts with high nutritional value. However, little is known about the insects associated with this forest species. Therefore, this study aims to document the occurrence of leafhoppers on baruzeiro trees in the state of Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil. We therefore examined baruzeiro plants in an afforestation plot at the Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (18°43'33"S; 47°31'31"W) in August 2020, located in the municipality of Monte Carmelo, Minas Gerais. The leafhopper species was identified as Aetalion reticulatum (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Aethalionidae). The ant species Camponotus crassus Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) was found to feed on the honeydew released by leafhoppers, demonstrating facultative mutualism between the species. This is the first report of A. reticulatum on D. alata in Minas Gerais.


2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (S1) ◽  
pp. S103-S114
Author(s):  
Luis Acosta-Vargas ◽  
Adriana E. Rovere ◽  
Jorge Camacho-Sandoval

Introduction: Isla del Coco is the only island in the Eastern Tropical Pacific with humid tropical forests; 296 plant species are reported, of them, 22% are endemic. Their ecology is poorly understood. Deforestation and the introduction of rats, feral pigs and white-tailed deer are the primary agents of forest degradation. After more than 120 years, the deforested areas have never recovered the native forest. Objective: To analyse if the deforested area keeps its resilience, we evaluated the natural regeneration and ecological processes associated. Methods: From August 2016 to June 2018, we conducted a restoration experiment consisting of a randomized complete blocks design including vegetation cutting, vegetation uprooting and controls as treatments. Plots were protected with an exclusion fence to avoid herbivores. Results: There were no differences between plant cutting and uprooting in stimulating natural regeneration. We only recorded the seedlings of two tree species, 35 individuals of Cecropia pittieri and three of Sacoglottis holdridgei, both endemic. Their regeneration established during the first 15 months mainly. At the end of the experiment, the structure and composition of the vegetation changed from bushes dominated by Entada gigas (28%) and Clidemia strigillosa (12%) to grasses dominated by Paspalum conjugatum (39%). Entada gigas has a high recolonizing potential with a growing rate of 1.6±0.2m/month. Conclusions: As filters for restoration we determined herbivores, which pose a strong negative impact in the development of the forest; the exhausted seed bank of tree species and scarce or null seed dispersion.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula M. A. Fiedler ◽  
Alice De Lapparent ◽  
Jeremie Razafitsalama ◽  
Justin Sanamo ◽  
Kim J. E. Steffens ◽  
...  

AbstractForest restoration is a prime goal within the 2021–2030 UN “Decade of Ecosystem Resoration”. As part of these activities, natural regeneration has to be promoted for biological as well as for economic reasons. For this, the processes of seed dispersal, seed predation and germination have to be understood in the original as well as in degraded vegetation formations. We used seed removal experiments to assess post-dispersal processes that influence recruitment along a gradient of forest degradation in Madagascar analyzing seeds of three animal dispersed tree species. The percentage of seeds consumed or dispersed, declined from forest (28.6%) to degraded forest (17.2%) to savanna (10.8%). Only three out of 1080 seeds were cached and remained intact during the 14-day experiment. All three seeds were cached in the forest habitat and none in the degraded forest and savanna. The low percentage of seeds removed may be due to the lack of endemic rodents caching seeds, as only introduced rats were recorded in the area. The species-poor fauna of potential secondary seed dispersers of the region and especially in the degraded areas might represent an obstacle for diverse regeneration in degraded regions of Madagascar.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e33710312629
Author(s):  
Dionatan Gerber ◽  
Larissa Regina Topanotti ◽  
Oiliam Carlos Stolarski ◽  
Bruna Elisa Trentin ◽  
Marcos Felipe Nicoletti ◽  
...  

Tropical trees planting resurgent in a global warming scenario, and this activity relies on information about forest species ecology and its different functional traits. we evaluated the initial performance of Mimosa scabrella using the Generalized Linear Models (GLM) technique to fit mathematical models for collar diameter growth x height, and for crown projection area x collar diameter in a forest restoration planting. The following variables were obtained in the first four years after planting: collar diameter (mm), total height (m), crown projection area (m²) and crown volume (m³). The models fitting was performed by GLM on Gamma, Normal and Poisson distribution, identity and logarithmical join function, and they were analyzed based on Akaike and Bayesian Information Criteria, standard deviation of the estimate and determination coefficient. M. scabrella showed an excelled performance on the 48 months of age, with average increment of 200.28 mm in collar diameter, 6.88 m in total height, 2.95 m² in crown projection area and 83.41 m³ in crown volume. Its growth reduced only on periods of frost occurrence, but it restarted after these climatic events.  The species growth, as well as its high survival rates and resprouting, allow its recommendation as a shady species of fast canopy fulfillment in forest restoration projects.


Nativa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 787
Author(s):  
Edberto Moura Lima ◽  
Gustavo Ribas Curcio ◽  
Annete Bonnet ◽  
Alexandre Uhlmann ◽  
Viviane Helena Palma

A intensificação do processo de antropização somado às características dos solos do Cerrado, em grande parte oligotróficos e intemperizados, dificulta a regeneração natural das espécies florestais, sendo necessária a intervenção humana para recompor a paisagem natural. O presente estudo teve como objetivoindicar espécies para iniciar o processo de recuperação de áreas degradadas do Cerrado com presença de plintita e processo de erosão estabelecido. Desta forma, analisamos as taxas de incremento em diâmetro e altura; e a taxa de sobrevivência e mortalidade de 963 indivíduos plantados próximo a área ciliar, em diferentes espaçamentos e com distinta composição de espécies. Os valores de incremento e sobrevivência variaram bastante de espécie para espécie. Das 17 espécies arbóreas plantadas oito apresentaram taxas de sobrevivência igual ou superior a 80%. As taxas de incremento em altura e diâmetro foram classificadas em três grupos: baixo, médio e alto incremento. Quanto à altura, cerca de 50% das espécies testadas apresentaram de alto a médio incremento. Oito espécies tiveram valores de incrementos considerados baixos e duas espécies não foram mensuradas devido à elevada mortalidade. Para a distribuição dos incrementos diamétricos, com exceção de I. laurina todas as espécies apresentaram baixo valor. Em geral, os baixos valores de incrementos observados neste experimento são explicados, em grande parte, pelos fatores abióticos, principalmente pelas características edáficas da área. A ausência de horizonte A e o caráter petroplíntico reduzem o volume total de solo disponível a ser explorado pelas raízes, comprometendo o crescimento das plantas. Contudo, mesmo em condições ambientais desfavoráveis as espécies estudadas demostraram rusticidade. Entre as espécies arbóreas estudadas, T. roseoalba, M. urundeuva, A. aculeata, A. niopoides, G. ulmifolia, E. nitens, G. americana e I. laurina apresentaram taxa de sobrevivência de alta a média e com elevados incrementos. Essas características indicam que as espécies citadas são aptas a iniciar o processo de recuperação.Palavras-chave: Regeneração, fragilidade, sobrevivência, Cerrado. INITIAL GROWTH OF NATIVE TREE SPECIES IN A DEGRADED SOIL WITH PRESENCE OF PLINTHITE IN BIOME CERRADO, BRASÍLIA-DF ABSTRACT:The intensification of the anthropization process, associate with the characteristics of the Cerrado soils, which are largely oligotrophic and weathered, are an impediment to natural regeneration of forest species, requiring human intervention to restore the natural landscape.  The present study had as objectives to indicate species to initiate the process of recovery of degraded areas of the Cerrado with presence of plintite and established erosion process. In this way, we analyze the rates of increase in diameter and height; and the survival and mortality rate of 963 individuals planted near the ciliary area, at different spacings and with different species composition model. Increment and survival values varied greatly from species to species. Of the 17 trees species planted eight presented survival rates equal to or greater than 80%. The rates of increase in height and diameter were classified into three groups: low, medium and high increment. Regarding the height, about 50% of the species tested showed high to medium increment. Eight species had values of increments considered low and two species were not measured due to the high mortality. For the distribution of the diametric increments, except for I. laurina all species showed low increment value. In general, the low values of increments observed in this experiment are explained, greatly, by the abiotic factors, mainly the edaphic characteristics of the area. The absence of horizon A and the petroplinthic character reduces the total volume of soil available to be explored by the roots, put at risk the plants growth rates. However, even under unfavorable environmental conditions, the studied species showed a rusticity. Among the arboreal species studied, T. urumeuva, A. aculeata, A. niopoides, G. ulmifolia, E. nitens, G. americana and I. laurina presented a high to medium survival rate with high increases. These characteristics indicate that the species mentioned are apt to initiate the recovery process.Keywords: Regeneration, fragility, plant species survival, Cerrado.


2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-425
Author(s):  
Md Khayrul Alam Bhuiyan ◽  
Md Akhter Hossain ◽  
Abdul Kadir Ibne Kamal ◽  
Mohammed Kamal Hossain ◽  
Mohammed Jashimuddin ◽  
...  

A study was conducted by using 5m × 5m sized 179 quadrates following multistage random sampling method for comparative regenerating tree species, quantitative structure, diversity, similarity and climate resilience in the degraded natural forests and plantations of Cox's Bazar North and South Forest Divisions. A total of 70 regenerating tree species were recorded representing maximum (47 species) from degraded natural forests followed by 43 species from 0.5 year 39 species from 1.5 year and 29 species from 2.5 year old plantations. Quantitative structure relating to ecological dominance indicated dominance of Acacia auriculiformis, Grewia nervosa and Lithocarpus elegans seedlings in the plantations whereas seedlings of Aporosa wallichii, Suregada multiflora and Grewia nervosa in degraded natural forests. The degraded natural forests possess higher natural regeneration potential as showed by different diversity indices. The dominance-based cluster analysis showed 2 major cluster of species under one of which multiple sub-clusters of species exists. Poor plant diversity and presence of regenerating exotic species in the plantations indicated poor climate resilience of forest ecosystem in terms of natural regeneration.


BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e043844
Author(s):  
Natalia Araujo ◽  
Samantha Morais ◽  
Ana Rute Costa ◽  
Raquel Braga ◽  
Ana Filipa Carneiro ◽  
...  

IntroductionProstate cancer is the most prevalent oncological disease among men in industrialised countries. Despite the high survival rates, treatments are often associated with adverse effects, including metabolic and cardiovascular complications, sexual dysfunction and, to a lesser extent, cognitive decline. This study was primarily designed to evaluate the trajectories of cognitive performance in patients with prostate cancer, and to quantify the impact of the disease and its treatments on the occurrence of cognitive decline.MethodsParticipants will be recruited from two main hospitals providing care to approximately half of the patients with prostate cancer in Northern Portugal (Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto and São João Hospital Centre), and will comprise a cohort of recently diagnosed patients with prostate cancer proposed for different treatment plans, including: (1) radical prostatectomy; (2) brachytherapy and/or radiotherapy; (3) radiotherapy in combination with androgen deprivation therapy and (4) androgen deprivation therapy (with or without chemotherapy). Recruitment began in February 2018 and is expected to continue until the first semester of 2021. Follow-up evaluations will be conducted at 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10 years. Sociodemographic, behavioural and clinical characteristics, anxiety and depression, health literacy, health status, quality of life, and sleep quality will be assessed. Blood pressure and anthropometrics will be measured, and a fasting blood sample will be collected. Participants’ cognitive performance will be evaluated before treatments and throughout follow-up (Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Cube Test as well as Brain on Track for remote monitoring). All participants suspected of cognitive impairment will undergo neuropsychological tests and clinical observation by a neurologist.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the hospitals involved. All participants will provide written informed consent, and study procedures will be developed to ensure data protection and confidentiality. Results will be disseminated through publication in peer-reviewed journals and presentation in scientific meetings.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document