The estimation of cotton yield based on weather parameters  in Maharashtra

ABSTRACT. The cotton yield of 12 years (1975-1987), for five districts in Vidarbha region of Maharashtra, was taken for statistical-regression study. It is found that the higher temperature during first fortnight of September, which is period of budding and flowering is favourable for better yield. The cooler nights during second fortnight of October, when the crop is generally in fruiting stage, also help in good increases in final cotton yield. Higher rainfall, dufing last week of June to first week of July, when the crop is in the germination period, causing logging, reduces the seedling and more number of rainy days in second fortnight of December hamper the bolll bursting and thus al1ecting the cotton yield adversely.

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Trend analysis of weather parameters over Indian Sundarbans

Journal of Agrometeorology ◽

10.54386/jam.v21i3.253 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 307-615

Author(s):

UTTAM KUMAR MANDAL ◽

DIBYENDU BIKAS NAYAK ◽

SOURAV MULLICK ◽

ARPAN SAMUI ◽

AMIT KUMAR JANA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Monsoon Season ◽

Temporal Trends ◽

Kendall Test ◽

Eastern Coast ◽

Annual Rainfall ◽

Crop Evapotranspiration ◽

Indian Sundarbans ◽

Sunshine Hours ◽

Weather Parameters ◽

Rainy Days

Sundarbans in West Bengal of India by virtue of its strategic location in the Eastern coast on the Bay of Bengal falls in one of the most vulnerable zones of abrupt climate change. Temporal trends of weather parameters of Canning Town (22o18'10.8'' N Latitude, 88o39'58.4'' E Longitude, elevation 3.52 m msl) representing Indian Sundarbans were analysed by non-parametric Mann-Kendall test and Sen's slope approaches. Analysis of long term rainfall data (1966-2015) indicated that Canning receives a mean annual rainfall of 1821 mm (±341.8 mm) with a considerable variation (CV = 18.8%). The results revealed that total annual rainfall trend decreased non-signicantly at the rate of 0.94 mm yr-1. On an average 84.4 rainy days in a year was recorded in the region, whereas during last ten years (2006-2015), the number of rainy days was reduced to 79.7 days yr-1. There was no signicant change in maximum, minimum and mean temperature of the region. Bright sunshine hours declined signicantly at an annual rate of 0.055 hr yr-1. Reference crop evapotranspiration (ET ) calculated using FAO Penman-Monteith method revealed that annual ET signicantly decreased at the rate of 5.98 mm yr-1. There was 2.7 times surplus rainfall than crop evapotranspiration during monsoon months indicating very high scope of water harvesting to tackle water logging during the monsoon season and unavailability of fresh water for irrigation during lean season.

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INFLUENCE OF WEATHER PARAMETERS AND AGROCLIMATIC ELEMENTS ON THE COTTON YIELD AT SURAT

MAUSAM ◽

10.54302/mausam.v42i1.3044 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

pp. 107-110

Author(s):

B. R. D. GUPTA ◽

VYAS PANDEY

Keyword(s):

Cotton Yield ◽

Weather Parameters

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Quantitative analysis of the orientation of white stork nestlings’ parents from video monitoring

10.1101/2021.09.11.459736 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ariane Gayout

Keyword(s):

Rapid Development ◽

Video Monitoring ◽

White Stork ◽

Parent Behavior ◽

Maximal Weight ◽

Behavioral Studies ◽

Nestling Period ◽

Weather Parameters ◽

Care Behavior ◽

Rainy Days

AbstractVideo-monitoring has become in the last decades common practice for animal observation and conservation purposes. In Ornithology, it is mostly used for tracking predators and nest surveillance, but, with the rapid development and spreading of webcams on nests for educational purposes, new opportunities arise for behavioral investigation, through citizen science for instance. In this article, we use video-monitoring from a public webcam on a White stork (Ciconia ciconia) nest and perform systematic image analysis to record the positioning and orientation of the guarding parent on the nest, during the nestling period over 60 days. From this data of 450 orientation samples, correlations with weather parameters are drawn. Our results suggest that the sun is responsible for most of the orientation with an hourly dependence, while the wind has prevalence during rainy days. A change in the parent behavior is also observed around the time the nestlings are known to attain their maximal weight. These preliminary findings provide new insights on weather influence on parental care behavior likely linked with the parent’s sensing. The versatility of the proposed method allows for behavioral studies on a wide variety of species.

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Determination of Effective Weather Parameters on Rainfed Wheat Yield Using Backward Multiple Linear Regressions Based on Relative Importance Metrics

Complexity ◽

10.1155/2020/6168252 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Mehdi Bahrami ◽

Ali Shabani ◽

Mohammad Reza Mahmoudi ◽

Shohreh Didari

Keyword(s):

Relative Humidity ◽

Wheat Yield ◽

Decision Makers ◽

Fars Province ◽

Relative Importance ◽

Statistical Regression ◽

Sunshine Hours ◽

Weather Parameters ◽

Rainfed Wheat

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most imperative crop for man feeding and is planted in numerous countries under rainfed conditions in semiarid zones. It is necessary for decision-makers and governments to predict the yield of rainfed wheat before harvest and to determine the effect of the major factors on it. Different methods have been suggested for forecasting yield with various levels of accuracy. One of these approaches is the statistical regression model, which is simple and applicable for regions with scarce data available. Since the weather is the most important factor affecting the production of wheat, particularly in rainfed cultivation, regression models using weather parameters are very common. However, the coefficients of these models are location based and should be determined locally. Therefore, in this research, backward multiple linear regression (BMLR) technique based on relative importance metrics was used to determine the most important effective weather parameters (11 parameters) on rainfed wheat productions in Fars Province, south of Iran, during 2006–2013. The influence of each parameter in the final model was analyzed using the values of LMG relative importance metric. The result indicated that sunshine hours had the biggest LMG (34.73%) and, therefore, was the most effective parameter. Also, among the other considered parameters, rainy days, minimum relative humidity, and average relative humidity with LMG values of 21.97%, 21.69%, and 21.62%, respectively, had the most effects on rainfed wheat yield in the studied area. All parameters except for the sunshine hours positively affected rainfed wheat yield. The most important reason for the significance of these parameters can be the prevailing dry and semidry climate in the southern areas of Iran. The proposed model for determination of weather parameters effects on rainfed wheat could be a great guidance and aid for different stakeholders such as farmers, decision-makers, and governments.

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Effects of Weather Conditions on Satellite Television Cable Network Reception Quality in Warri Metropolis, Delta State, Nigeria

Asian Journal of Geographical Research ◽

10.9734/ajgr/2018/v1i124664 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 1-21

Author(s):

Imarhiagbe, Chukwuyem Graham ◽

Ojeh, Vincent Nduka

Keyword(s):

Wind Speed ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Signal Quality ◽

Satellite Television ◽

Cable Network ◽

Weather Parameters ◽

R Value ◽

Rainy Days

The study examined the effects of weather conditions on satellite television cable network reception quality. The ex-post facto research design was used. The primary data were generated through personal observation/monitoring of Television sets that were connected to the three prominent networks (MYTV, DSTV, and HITV) in Warri. Rainfall stations were established in each of the sample areas and were used to collect rainfall amount between the months of May and August, being rainy season in the location. Additionally, wind speed, humidity, temperature and rainfall data were collected from the archives of the Nigerian Meteorological Agencies office in Warri for 20 years. A total of fifteen (15) TV sets and fifteen modems of MYTV, DSTV and HITV satellite-cable network were utilized for this study. Results showed that there is variation in the trends of climate parameters in Warri. There is variability in the rainfall, relative humidity as well as the wind speed trends in Warri from 1991-2011. The variations in these climate attributes have effects on the durability and functionalities of satellite cable network in the area. The reception quality for MYTV reduced from 69.8% on days without rainfall to 15.4% on rainy days during the study period, while DSTV signal quality reception was also reduced by rainfall and weather effect to 20.4% on rainy days from 85.6% mean on days without rainfall. HITV signal quality reception of 33.4% on days without rainfall was reduced to 7.2% by the effect of rainfall. Rainfall impairs signal quality. Further, the result revealed that there is a significant variation in cable network reception qualities of MYTV, DSTV and HITV. This is evident from the calculated F-value of 1028.136 which was greater than the critical table-value of 19.49 at 0.05 significant level. The r value shows a correlation of 0.989 between rainfall and MYTV reception quality. However, the R² value of 0.977 shows that 97.7% variation in the quality of signal reception from MYTV is explained by other weather parameters. The r value shows a correlation of 0.994 between wind speed and DSTV reception quality. However, the R² value of 0.988 shows that the quality of the signal reception from DSTV is explained by 98.8% dependency on weather parameters. Similarly, the r value shows a correlation of 0.970 rainfall and HITV reception quality. However, the R² value of 0.942 shows that the quality of the signal reception from MYTV is explained by 94.2% dependency on weather parameters. The policy implications of the findings of this study are that adequate and well-implemented weather monitoring with remote sensing/satellite-based platforms should be captured in the national laws of Nigeria.

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Nucleation of Disorder in Fe3Al Alloys

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100061574 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 25 ◽

pp. 312-313

Author(s):

P. R. Swann ◽

W. R. Duff ◽

R. M. Fisher

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽

Annealing Temperature ◽

Antiphase Domain ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Domain Structures ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Domain Boundaries ◽

Higher Temperature ◽

The One

Recently we have investigated the phase equilibria and antiphase domain structures of Fe-Al alloys containing from 18 to 50 at.% Al by transmission electron microscopy and Mössbauer techniques. This study has revealed that none of the published phase diagrams are correct, although the one proposed by Rimlinger agrees most closely with our results to be published separately. In this paper observations by transmission electron microscopy relating to the nucleation of disorder in Fe-24% Al will be described. Figure 1 shows the structure after heating this alloy to 776.6°C and quenching. The white areas are B2 micro-domains corresponding to regions of disorder which form at the annealing temperature and re-order during the quench. By examining specimens heated in a temperature gradient of 2°C/cm it is possible to determine the effect of temperature on the disordering reaction very precisely. It was found that disorder begins at existing antiphase domain boundaries but that at a slightly higher temperature (1°C) it also occurs by homogeneous nucleation within the domains. A small (∼ .01°C) further increase in temperature caused these micro-domains to completely fill the specimen.

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Application Of Electron Probe Analyses Of Minerals In Discussing The Relationship Between Ductile Deformation And Metamorphism

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100134855 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 250-251

Author(s):

Fan Guochuan ◽

Sun Zhongshi

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Shear Deformation ◽

Electron Probe ◽

General Rule ◽

Granulite Facies ◽

Ductile Deformation ◽

Higher Temperature ◽

Ductile Shear ◽

The Relationship ◽

Ductile Shear Deformation

Under influence of ductile shear deformation, granulite facies mineral paragenesis underwent metamorphism and changes in chemical composition. The present paper discusses some changes in chemical composition of garnet in hypers thene_absent felsic gnesiss and of hypersthene in rock in early and late granulite facies undergone increasing ductile shear deformation .In garnet fetsic geniss, band structures were formed because of partial melting and resulted in zoning from massive⟶transitional⟶melanocrate zones in increasing deformed sequence. The electron-probe analyses for garnet in these zones are listed in table 1 . The Table shows that Mno, Cao contents in garnet decrease swiftly from slightly to intensely deformed zones.In slightly and moderately deformed zones, Mgo contents keep unchanged and Feo is slightly lower. In intensely deformed zone, Mgo contents increase, indicating a higher temperature. This is in accord with the general rule that Mgo contents in garnet increase with rising temperature.

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Carbon Film Deposition On Silicon Using Low Energy Ion Beams

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-223-307 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 223 ◽

Author(s):

Qin Fuguang ◽

Yao Zhenyu ◽

Ren Zhizhang ◽

S.-T. Lee ◽

I. Bello ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽

Ion Beam ◽

Carbon Film ◽

Carbon Films ◽

Film Deposition ◽

Ion Energy ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Higher Temperature ◽

Post Implantation ◽

Beam Deposition

ABSTRACTDirect ion beam deposition of carbon films on silicon in the ion energy range of 15–500eV and temperature range of 25–800°C has been studied using mass selected C+ ions under ultrahigh vacuum. The films were characterized with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy and diffraction analysis. Films deposited at room temperature consist mainly of amorphous carbon. Deposition at a higher temperature, or post-implantation annealing leads to formation of microcrystalline graphite. A deposition temperature above 800°C favors the formation of microcrystalline graphite with a preferred orientation in the (0001) direction. No evidence of diamond formation was observed in these films.

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Performance of Sumur Gendong (SeDrainPond) Technology on Harvesting Water and Sediment with Respect to Effective Rainy Days

International Review of Civil Engineering (IRECE) ◽

10.15866/irece.v10i1.16273 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 41 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ignatius Sriyana ◽

Imam Wahyudi ◽

Rick Heikoop ◽

Kusmiyati Florentina ◽

Haryono Putro

Keyword(s):

Water And Sediment ◽

Rainy Days

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Application of In Situ X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy to Study Dilute Chromium Ions in a Molten Chloride Salt

10.26434/chemrxiv.9959807 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Jisue Moon ◽

Carter Abney ◽

Dmitriy Dolzhnikov ◽

James M. Kurley ◽

Kevin A. Beyer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Absorption Spectroscopy ◽

Local Structure ◽

Chloride Salt ◽

X Ray ◽

Molten Chloride ◽

Stable Species ◽

Higher Temperature ◽

Cr Concentration ◽

X Ray Absorption

The local structure of dilute CrCl3 in a molten MgCl2:KCl salt was investigated by in situ x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at temperatures from room temperature to 800oC. This constitutes the first experiment where dilute Cr speciation is explored in a molten chloride salt, ostensibly due to the compounding challenges arising from a low Cr concentration in a matrix of heavy absorbers at extreme temperatures. CrCl3 was confirmed to be the stable species between 200 and 500oC, while mobility of metal ions at higher temperature (>700oC) prevented confirmation of the local structure.

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