scholarly journals The Australian monsoon, Part 2 : Depressions and cyclones

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-350
Author(s):  
KSHUDIRAM SAHA ◽  
SURANJANA SAHA
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Stationary Wave ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Thermal Contrast ◽  
Australian Monsoon ◽  
Australian Region ◽  
External Forcings ◽  
Region Form

A study of the NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis for the Australian region during the southern summer reveals that most of the depressions and cyclones over the region form and develop in a stationary wave that develops along the continent's northern coastline during this period due to land-sea thermal contrast. The structure and properties of the stationary wave are brought out in detail and internal and external forcings that lead to its development into depressions and cyclones are discussed. Environmental factors that appear to influence the movement and recurvature of cyclones over the region are discussed with two case studies.

scholarly journals Ontological modeling of the International Classification of Functioning, Disabilities and Health (ICF): Activities&Participation and Environmental Factors components

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Cozzi ◽  
Andrea Martinuzzi ◽  
Vincenzo Della Mea
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
International Classification ◽  
World Health ◽  
International Classification Of Functioning ◽  
Conceptual Clarity ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Upper Ontology

Abstract Background The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) is a classification of health and health-related states developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) to provide a standard and unified language to be used as a reference model for the description of health and health-related states. The concept of functioning on which ICF is based is that of a “dynamic interaction between a person’s health condition, environmental factors and personal factors”. This overall model has been translated into a classification covering all the main components of functioning. However, the practical use of ICF has highlighted some formal problems, mainly concerning conceptual clarity and ontological coherence. Methods In the present work, we propose an initial ontological formalization of ICF beyond its current status, focusing specifically on the interaction between activities and participation and environmental factors. The formalization has been based on ontology engineering methods to drive goal and scope definition, knowledge acquisition, selection of an upper ontology for mapping, conceptual model definition and evaluation, and finally representation using the Ontology Web Language (OWL). Results A conceptual model has been defined in a graphical language that included 202 entities, when possible mapped to the SUMO upper ontology. The conceptual model has been validated against 60 case studies from the literature, plus 6 ad-hoc case studies. The model has been then represented using OWL. Conclusions This formalization might provide the basis for a revision of the ICF classification in line with current efforts made by WHO on the International Classification of Diseases and on the International Classification of Health Interventions.

scholarly journals Understanding the Australian Monsoon change during the Last Glacial Maximum with multi-model ensemble

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mi Yan ◽  
Bin Wang ◽  
Jian Liu ◽  
Axing Zhu ◽  
Liang Ning
Keyword(s):  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Moisture Convergence ◽  
Austral Winter ◽  
Upward Motion ◽  
Thermal Contrast ◽  
Australian Monsoon ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Annual Range ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

Abstract. The response of Australian monsoon to the external forcings and the relative mechanisms during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) is investigated by multi-models in CMIP5/PMIP3. Although the annual mean precipitation over Australian monsoon region decreases, the annual range, or the monsoonality, is enhanced. The precipitation increases in early austral summer and decreases in austral winter, causing the annual range or monsoonality to amplify. The decreased precipitation in austral winter has a large contribution to the strengthened monsoonality. It is primarily caused by the weakened upward motion, although the reduced water vapor has also a moderate contribution. The weakened upward motion in austral winter is induced by the enhanced land–sea thermal contrast, which intensifies the divergence over northern Australia. The increased Australian monsoon rainfall in early summer is an integrated result of the positive effect of local dynamic processes (enhanced moisture convergence) and the negative effect of thermodynamics (reduced moisture content). The enhanced moisture convergence is caused by two factors: the strengthened northwest–southeast thermal contrast between the cooler Indochina–western Indonesia and the warmer northeastern Australia, and the east–west sea surface temperature gradients between the warmer western Pacific and cooler eastern Indian Ocean, both due to the alteration of land–sea configuration arising from the sea level drop. The enhanced Australian monsoonality in LGM is caused by the local processes rather than the large scale dynamics, which should be taken into account when investigating its future change under global warming. Our findings may also explain why proxy records indicate different changes in Australian monsoon precipitation during the LGM.

scholarly journals A Holistic Approach to Incubator Strategies in the Entrepreneurial Support Ecosystem

M n gement ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Theodoraki
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Strategic Fit ◽  
Generic Strategies ◽  
Ecosystem Benefits

This research employs ecosystem and strategic fit theories to understand incubators’ relationships with other ecosystem actors by investigating the elaboration of specialization, diversification, and co-opetition strategies. In the entrepreneurial support ecosystem, incubators act as intermediaries, bridging the gap between tenants and their external environment. These strategically led organizations offer a unique perspective for exploring the strategic fit differentiation engine through a holistic approach. A qualitative study reviews 48 semi-structured interviews derived from five case studies of the main incubator types. The results show that incubators differentiate themselves by employing various combinations of individual and collective strategies consisting of individual, organizational, and environmental factors to achieve ecosystem benefits. These findings provide a cross-level understanding of the entrepreneurial support ecosystem for all ecosystem actors and enable the implementation of appropriate generic strategies.

scholarly journals Exploiting the Contagious Effect for Employee Turnover Prediction

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 1166-1173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingfei Teng ◽  
Hengshu Zhu ◽  
Chuanren Liu ◽  
Chen Zhu ◽  
Hui Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Employee Turnover ◽  
Talent Management ◽  
Attention Mechanism ◽  
Large Company ◽  
Working Environments ◽  
Talent Retention ◽  
And Performance

Talent turnover often costs a large amount of business time, money and performance. Therefore, employee turnover prediction is critical for proactive talent management. Existing approaches on turnover prediction are mainly based on profiling of employees and their working environments, while the important contagious effect of employee turnovers has been largely ignored. To this end, in this paper, we propose a contagious effect heterogeneous neural network (CEHNN) for turnover prediction by integrating the employee profiles, the environmental factors, and more importantly, the influence of turnover behaviors of co-workers. Moreover, a global attention mechanism is designed to evaluate the heterogeneous impact on potential turnover behaviors. This attention mechanism can improve the interpretability of turnover prediction and provide actionable insights for talent retention. Finally, we conduct extensive experiments and case studies on a realworld dataset from a large company to validate the effectiveness of the contagious effect for turnover prediction.

scholarly journals Failure and Collapse of Building Structures in the Cities of Yaoundé and Douala, Cameroon from 2010 to 2014

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Claude Tchamba ◽  
Théodore Gautier L. J. Bikoko
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
General Public ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Building Industry ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Building Collapse ◽  
Regulatory Bodies ◽  
Industry Professional

<p class="zhengwen"><span lang="EN-GB">The failure and collapse of buildings in most cases result in loss of lives and properties. The incessant <a name="_GoBack"></a>collapses of buildings nowadays are so enormous that it has become a serious concern to the professionals in the building industry, clients, governments, and general public. In most cases, the architects and engineers who are directly involved in the construction of such building are held responsible for building collapse. The purpose of this study was to elaborate various cases of building structures collapsed that occurred in Yaoundé and Douala, Cameroon between 2010 and 2014 and to investigate the factors causing such incidents. The methods employed in the collection of data include the administration of questionnaire to professionals in the building industry (professional engineers, architects and construction professionals), site inspections and case studies for the sites. The data collected were analysed using descriptive and analytical statistics. The findings show that the collapse of some buildings in major cities in Cameroon (Yaoundé and Douala) can be attributed to absence of soil investigation and foundation, structural design, detailing, degradation due to environmental factors, use of poor quality materials and concrete processing. In the two case studies considered, the study revealed that the major causes of building failures were excessive loading, structural design, degradation due to environmental factors and other causes. The paper concludes by recommending possible measures to be undertaken by government and other regulatory bodies in the building industry to avert this.</span></p>

Tracking student resilience

1999 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sue Howard ◽  
Bruce Johnson
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Children At Risk ◽  
Student Resilience ◽  
Individual Family ◽  
One Year

In recent times, research that has traditionally concerned itself with children ‘at risk’ has been supplemented by studies which have concentrated on the characteristics of those children who display resilient behaviours despite the presence of negative individual, family or environmental factors. A range of internal and external ‘protective factors’ that contribute to childhood resilience has been identified in the literature.The research being presented here reports on one phase of a longitudinal study that is tracking children originally identified as displaying resilient or non-resilient behaviour. After one year, the persistence of resilient or non-resilient behaviours is noted among the 55 children in the study; the incidence of changed behaviour – either from resilience to non-resilience or vice versa – is low. Case studies of three children are used to illustrate the trends in the findings and to provide real examples of how the presence or absence of protective factors impact on the lives of real children.

scholarly journals Country, sector and method effects in studying remunicipalization: a meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 002085232110079
Author(s):  
Bart Voorn
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Large Range ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Document Analysis ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Local Public Services ◽  
Method Effects ◽  
Large Period

A growing literature demonstrates increasing remunicipalization of local public services. Yet, while this literature is becoming extensive, many debates still exist about remunicipalization’s causes. This article reports the findings of a meta-analysis of the remunicipalization literature, focusing on the question: how do country, sector and method effects affect the findings of remunicipalization studies? I include articles on remunicipalization under different terms (‘remunicipalization’, ‘reverse privatization’, ‘insourcing’ and ‘contracting in’), using a large range of methods (case studies, surveys and document analysis) and covering a large period (1995–2019). I find 30 causes of remunicipalization that are considered and found in the literature. Political and pragmatic factors appear to be most frequently considered and found as causes of remunicipalization in the literature; environmental factors are less often considered but seem highly relevant. Moreover, I uncover large differences between the qualitative and quantitative literatures. I offer a research agenda to allow greater future synthesis in the remunicipalization literature. Points for practitioners The literature on remunicipalization is highly fragmented and remunicipalization can have many different causes. Remunicipalization appears to be both a political and a pragmatic trend, but the literature is still too fragmented to know for sure. Be aware of the potential biases and limitations in current research on (causes of) remunicipalization.

scholarly journals RESEARCH OF BEHAVIOR OF CEMENT COMPOSITES IN CONDITIONS OF HIGH HUMIDITY AND VARIABLE POSITIVE TEMPERATURES

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 66-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina V. Erofeeva ◽  
Victor V. Afonin ◽  
Vladislav A. Fedortsov ◽  
Denis V. Emelyanov ◽  
Nikolay Yu. Podzhivotov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Piecewise Linear ◽  
Piecewise Linear Approximation ◽  
Cement Composites ◽  
High Humidity ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Hardness Change ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Properties Of Composites

In this paper, the results of testing cement composites under the conditions of the effect of high humidity and variable positive temperatures are given.By the coefficient of variation of hardness (stability), the compositions are compared with various fillers, plasticizing and other fungicidal additives.To decide on the stability (stability) of the structure and properties of composites, it is proposed to rely on the area of the polygon obtained as a result of piecewise linear approximation of the exposure points. Explanations of the influence of environmental factors on hardness change of the composites.

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