scholarly journals Water consumption of cotton in the semi arid tracts of India

MAUSAM ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
S. SENGUPTA ◽  
H. P. DAS ◽  
A. A. KALE
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Shortwave Radiation ◽  
Vegetative Cover ◽  
Cotton Crop ◽  
Consumptive Use ◽  
Consumptive Water Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Consumptive Water ◽  
Semi Arid

In the present study, evapotranspiration and other agrometeorological data for three different locations, viz., Akola. Bellary and Kovilpatti have been utilized to understand consumptive use and related aspects of cotton. Ratios of evapotranspiration to potential evapotranspiration (ET/PET) and evapotranspiration to total shortwave radiation (ET/Rs) increase gradually as the vegetative cover develops and shows year to year variation at same location. The energy summation indices have been worked out for all the three stations which indicate that the total yields are more dependent on consumptive water use by crop rather than energy summation indices.. The water use efficiency (WUE) of cotton crop also reveals wide variations in time and space.

scholarly journals Assessment of Consumptive use and Water use Efficiency of Okra (abelmoschus esculentus l. Moench) Using Minilysimeters in Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Water Capacity ◽  
Consumptive Use ◽  
Available Water ◽  
Available Water Capacity ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Crop Coefficients

This study was carried out during the 2015 and 2016 dry cropping seasons at the Teaching and Research Farm of the University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Southern Guinea Savanna Agroecology of Nigeria. The objectives were to determine the consumptive use and water use efficiency of okra using the Lysimetric technique. This involved the use of twelve (12) locally fabricated minilysimeters housing three (3) irrigation treatments corresponding to 50, 75 and 100% of the soil available water capacity replicated four (4) times and laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The Blaney-Criddle formula which is latitude dependent derives its strength from a 5-year accumulated temperature, data was used to predict the potential evapotranspiration of okra. The crop evapotranspiration is equivalent to the crop water use. Results show that the consumptive use estimated varied from 263.52 – 1,944.90 mm, water use efficiency was from 22.73 – 2.28 kg/ha/mm and crop coefficients of 0.36 – 2.28 corresponding to 50 – 100% (Low to High) soil available water capacity (SAWC) respectively. Okra performed better under low soil available water capacity.

scholarly journals HESS Opinions: How should a future water census address consumptive use? (And where can we substitute withdrawal data while we wait?)

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 5551-5558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin L. Ruddell
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Applied Water ◽  
Water Balance Equation ◽  
Consumptive Use ◽  
Consumptive Water Use ◽  
Consumptive Water ◽  
Hydrology And Water Resources ◽  
Scale Data

Abstract. Despite the centrality of the water balance equation to hydrology and water resources, in 2018 we still lack adequate empirical observations of consumptive use of water by humans and their economy. It is therefore worth considering what we can do with the withdrawal-based water use data we already possess, and what future water census measurements would be required to more accurately quantify consumptive use for the most common mesoscale use cases. The limitations of the currently applied simple net consumptive use (SNCU) assumptions are discussed for several common use cases. Fortunately, several applied water management, economics, and policy questions can be sufficiently addressed using currently available withdrawal numbers in place of water consumption numbers. This discussion clarifies the broad requirements for an improved “stock and flow” census-scale data model for consumptive water use. While we are waiting for the eventual arrival of a more sophisticated water census, the withdrawal data we already possess are sufficient for some of our most important scientific and applied purposes.

scholarly journals Consumptive water use to feed humanity - curing a blind spot

2005 ◽  
Vol 9 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 15-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Falkenmark ◽  
M. Lannerstad
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Environmental Flow ◽  
Land Cover Changes ◽  
Runoff Generation ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Consumptive Use ◽  
Consumptive Water Use ◽  
Flow Reserve ◽  
Consumptive Water

Abstract. Since in large parts of the world it is getting difficult to meet growing water demands by mobilising more water, the discourse has turned its focus to demand management, governance and the necessary concern for aquatic ecosystems by reserving an "environmental flow" in the river. The latter calls for attention to river depletion which may be expected in response to changes in consumptive water use by both natural and anthropogenic systems. Basically, consumptive use has three faces: runoff generation influenced by land cover changes; consumptive use of water withdrawn; and evaporation from water systems (reservoirs, canals, river based cooling). After demonstrating the vulnerability to changes in consumptive use under savanna region conditions - representative of many poverty and hunger prone developing countries subject to attention in the Millennium Development Goal activities - the paper exemplifies; 1) changes in runoff generation in response to regional scale land cover changes; 2) consumptive use in large scale irrigation systems. It goes on to analyse the implications of seeing food as a human right by estimating the additional consumptive use requirements to produce food for the next two generations. Attention is paid to remaining degrees of freedom in terms of uncommitted water beyond an environmental flow reserve and to potential food trade consequences (so-called virtual water). The paper concludes that a human-right-to-food principle will have major consequences in terms of altered consumptive water use. It will therefore be essential for humanity to address river depletion to avoid loss of resilience of the life support system. This will demand a deep-going cooperation between hydrology, ecology and water governance.

scholarly journals A study on the consumptive use of water by kharif rice at Canning (West Bengal)

MAUSAM ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-186
Author(s):  
H.P. DAS ◽  
A. CHOWDHURY ◽  
S. B. GAONKAR
Keyword(s):  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
Shortwave Radiation ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Consumptive Use ◽  
Evaporation Ratio ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Evaporative Loss ◽  
Peak Value

 Based on the data for the period from 1977 to 1992 during the kharif season. mean weekly evapotranspiration (ET) and its contribution for different phases to total evaporative loss have been worked out for kharif rice at Canning. The evapotranspiration-evaporation ratio (ET/EP) and crop coefficient (Kc) have been round to attain peak values during the flowering stage. A relationship between ET/EP and number of days from transplanting has been developed and this relationship helps in detero\ining ET from a knowledge of EP and date of transplanting. Ratio of evapotranspiration to total shortwave radiation (ET/R2) which represents the combined effect of energy balance components. also reaches its peak value during the flowering stage. Among the four different energy summation indices. the potential evapotranspiration seems to be a better parameter for identification of growth stages of the crop. Water use efficiency of kharif rice shows significant year-to-year variations.  

scholarly journals Consumptive water use to feed humanity – curing a blind spot

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Falkenmark ◽  
M. Lannerstad
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Environmental Flow ◽  
Land Cover Changes ◽  
Runoff Generation ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Consumptive Use ◽  
Consumptive Water Use ◽  
Flow Reserve ◽  
Consumptive Water

Abstract. Since in large parts of the world it is getting difficult to meet growing water demands by mobilising more water, the discourse has turned its focus to demand management, governance and the necessary concern for aquatic ecosystems by reserving an "environmental flow" in the river. The latter calls for attention to river depletion which may be expected in response to changes in consumptive water use by both natural and anthropogenic systems. Basically, consumptive use has three faces: runoff generation influenced by land cover changes; consumptive use of water withdrawn; and evaporation from water systems (reservoirs, canals, river based cooling). After demonstrating the vulnerability to changes in consumptive use under savanna region conditions – representative of many poverty and hunger prone developing countries subject to attention in the Millennium Development Goal activities – the paper exemplifies 1) changes in runoff generation in response to regional scale land cover changes; 2) consumptive use in large scale irrigation systems. It goes on to analyse the implications of seeing food as a human right by estimating the additional consumptive use requirements to produce food for the next two generations. Attention is paid to remaining degrees of freedom in terms of uncommitted water beyond an environmental flow reserve and to potential food trade consequences (so-called virtual water). The paper concludes that a human-right-to-food principle will have major consequences in terms of altered consumptive water use. It will therefore be essential for humanity to address river depletion to avoid loss of resilience of the life support system. This will demand a deep-going cooperation between hydrology, ecology and water governance.

scholarly journals Responses of Irrigation and Fertilizers on the Growth and Yield of Hordeum vulgare L.

1970 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
MSI Mollah ◽  
NK Paul
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Consumptive Water Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Consumptive Water

An experiment was conducted to study the influence of soil moisture, NPK fertilizers and variety on yield and yield components of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Plant height, tiller number, extrusion length, spikelet number, plant weight, grain number, 100-grain weight and grain yield were observed highest in the I2 (40 mm irrigation water) and F3 (120N 75P 45K) treatments. I2 (40 mm irrigation water ) and F3 (120N 75P 45K) treatments had the highest consumptive water use (CWU). But the highest water use efficiency (WUE) was observed in the I0 (no irrigation) and F3 treatments. Cultivar BARI-Barley-2 had the highest CWU, while cultivar BL-1 had the highest WUE. Key words: Barley; Irrigation; Fertilizer; Grain yield; Consumptive water use; Water use efficiency. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v46i3.9045 BJSIR 2011; 46(3): 369-374

Decadal gross level assessment of green and blue consumptive water use over Indian agro-ecosystems

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (17) ◽  
pp. 6628-6669
Author(s):  
Indrani Choudhury ◽  
B.K. Bhattacharya ◽  
R. Eswar ◽  
M. Sekhar
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Consumptive Water Use ◽  
Consumptive Water

scholarly journals Spatial–Temporal Evolution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Agricultural Water Use Efficiency in Northwest China—Based on a Super-DEA Model and a Spatial Panel Econometric Model

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 632
Author(s):  
Weinan Lu ◽  
Wenxin Liu ◽  
Mengyang Hou ◽  
Yuanjie Deng ◽  
Yue Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Econometric Model ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Agricultural Water Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Semi Arid

Improving agricultural water use efficiency (AWUE) is an important way to solve the shortage of water resources in arid and semi-arid regions. This study used the Super-DEA (data envelopment analysis) to measure the AWUE of 52 cities in Northwest China from 2000 to 2018. Based on spatial and temporal perspectives, it applied Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) to explore the dynamic evolution and regional differences of AWUE. A spatial econometric model was then used to analyze the main factors that influence the AWUE in Northwest China. The results showed firstly that the overall AWUE in Northwest China from 2000 to 2018 presented a steady upward trend. However, only a few cities achieved effective agricultural water usage by 2018, and the differences among cities were obvious. Secondly, AWUE showed an obvious spatial autocorrelation in Northwest China and showed significant high–high and low–low agglomeration characteristics. Thirdly, economic growth, urbanization development, and effective irrigation have significant, positive effects on AWUE, while per capita water resource has a significant, negative influence. Finally, when improving the AWUE in arid and semi-arid regions, plans should be formulated according to local conditions. The results of this study can provide new ideas on the study of AWUE in arid and semi-arid regions and provide references for the formulation of regional agricultural water resource utilization policies as well.

CONSUMPTIVE WATER USE OF RAINFED MAIZE IN NIGERIA

1986 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.O. Ojo ◽  
M. Ijioma ◽  
A.O. Ojo
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Consumptive Water Use ◽  
Consumptive Water
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