scholarly journals Evaluating radiation interception pattern and RUE of green gram grown in Lower Gangetic Plains and assessing future yield based on RUE

2022 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
SARATHI SAHA ◽  
SAON BANERJEE ◽  
SOUMEN MONDAL ◽  
ASIS MUKHERJEE ◽  
RAJIB NATH ◽  
...  

An experiment was conducted in the Lower Gangetic Plains of West Bengal during 2017 and 2018 with three popular green gram varieties of the region (viz. Samrat, PM05 and Meha). Along with studying the variation of PAR components, a radiation use efficiency (RUE) based equation irrespective of varieties was developed and used to estimate the green gram yield for 2040-2090 period under RCP 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios. Field experimental results showed that almost 33.33 to 52.12% higher yield was recorded in 2017 in comparison to 2018. As observed through pooled experimental data of two years, PM05 produced 3 to 4% higher pod and 4 to 15% more biomass than Samrat and Meha with the highest radiation use efficiency (1.786 g MJ-1). Results also depicted that enhanced thermal condition would cause 9 to 15 days of advancement in maturity. Biomass and yield would also decrease gradually from 2040 to 2090 with an average rate of 7.60-11.70% and 10.19-14.17% respectively. The supporting literature confirms that future yield prediction under projected climate based on “radiation to biomass” conversion efficiency can be used successfully as a method to evaluate climate change impact on crop performance.

Author(s):  
Shrabani Basu ◽  
Pramiti K. Chakraborty ◽  
Rajib Nath

Aim: The present study was conducted for identifying sowing windows and cultivars of green gram in spring – summer and rainy seasons depending on light interception pattern and photo synthetically active radiation use efficiency (PARUE) in the lower Gangetic Plains of Eastern India. Methodology: Five green gram varieties (V1, V2, V3, V4 and V5) were sown on four dates (D1, D2, D3 and D4) in the spring –summer season starting from 15th February and on three dates (D1, D2 and D3) in the rainy season, starting from 20th August at interval of 10 days. Cumulative intercepted PAR (CIPAR), PARUE for above ground biomass and green gram seed and the seed yield were measured. The experiments were conducted under strip –plot design. Results: Results showed that CIPAR increased gradually in both the seasons under different dates of sowing. The mean PARUE for above ground biomass were 3.97, 4.58, 3.18 and 2.64 gMJ-1 for D1, D2, D3 and D4 sowings during spring – summer season. In rainy season the same was declined from 8.67 to 3.73 g MJ-1 with the delay in sowing. Maximum seed yield was obtained under D2 and V3 in the spring –summer and under D1 and V5 in the rainy season. The mean PARUE for seed yield were 0.65 and 0.64 g MJ-1 and 0.40 and 0.42 g MJ-1 in the spring summer seasons of 2011 and 2012 respectively. In the rainy season the maximum PARUE were 0.91 and 0.55 g MJ-1 under D1 for two experimental years. Conclusion: Depending on PARUE Pant Mung – 5 and Mehashould be sown during 3rd week of February and August in this zone.


Author(s):  
R. Tripathy ◽  
K. N. Chaudhary ◽  
R. Nigam ◽  
K. R. Manjunath ◽  
P. Chauhan ◽  
...  

Spectral yield models based on Vegetation Index (VI) and the mechanistic crop simulation models are being widely used for crop yield prediction. However, past experience has shown that the empirical nature of the VI based models and the intensive data requirement of the complex mechanistic models has limited their use for regional and spatial crop yield prediction especially for operational use. The present study was aimed at development of an intermediate method based on the use of remote sensing and the physiological concepts such as the photo-synthetically active solar radiation (PAR) and the fraction of PAR absorbed by the crop (fAPAR) in Monteith’s radiation use efficiency based equation (Monteith, 1977) for operational wheat yield forecasting by the Department of Agriculture (DoA). Net Primary Product (NPP) has been computed using the Monteith model and stress has been applied to convert the potential NPP to actual NPP. Wheat grain yield has been computed using the actual NPP and Harvest index. Kalpana-VHRR insolation has been used for deriving the PAR. Maximum radiation use efficiency has been collected from literature and wheat crop mask was derived at MNCFC, New Delhi using RS2-AWiFS data. Water stress has been derived from the Land Surface Water Index (LSWI) which has been derived periodically from the MODIS surface reflectance data (NIR and SWIR1). Temperature stress has been derived from the interpolated daily mean temperature. Results indicated that this model underestimated the yield by 3.45 % as compared to the reported yield at state level and hence can be used to predict wheat yield at state level. This study will be able to provide the spatial wheat yield map, as well as the district-wise and state level aggregated wheat yield forecast. It is possible to operationalize this remote sensing based modified Monteith’s efficiency model for future yield forecasting with around 0.15 t ha-1 RMSE at state level.


Helia ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (35) ◽  
pp. 101-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sridhara ◽  
T.G. Prasad

SUMMARYA field experiment was conducted at Gandhi Krishi Vignana Kendra, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore to study the effect of irrigation regimens on the biomass accumulation, canopy development, light interception and radiation use efficiency of sunflower. The treatments includes irrigating the plants at 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 cumulative pan evaporation. The results indicated that the aboveground biomass, canopy development, radiation interception and radiation use efficiency were influenced favorably by the irrigation regimens. Irrespective of the irrigation regimen, the radiation use efficiency of sunflower increased from 15 DAS to 75 DAS and then tended to decline. The decrease in RUE after anthesis is coupled with decrease in leaf nitrogen content. In general the RUE of sunflower ranged from 0.49 g MJ-1 to 1.84 g MJ-1 at different growth stages. The light transmission within the canopy increased exponentially with plant height and the canopy extension coefficient is found to be 0.8.


Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 351
Author(s):  
Adolfo Rosati ◽  
Damiano Marchionni ◽  
Dario Mantovani ◽  
Luigi Ponti ◽  
Franco Famiani

We quantified the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) interception in a high-density (HD) and a super high-density (SHD) or hedgerow olive system, by measuring the PAR transmitted under the canopy along transects at increasing distance from the tree rows. Transmitted PAR was measured every minute, then cumulated over the day and the season. The frequencies of the different PAR levels occurring during the day were calculated. SHD intercepted significantly but slightly less overall PAR than HD (0.57 ± 0.002 vs. 0.62 ± 0.03 of the PAR incident above the canopy) but had a much greater spatial variability of transmitted PAR (0.21 under the tree row, up to 0.59 in the alley center), compared to HD (range: 0.34–0.43). This corresponded to greater variability in the frequencies of daily PAR values, with the more shaded positions receiving greater frequencies of low PAR values. The much lower PAR level under the tree row in SHD, compared to any position in HD, implies greater self-shading in lower-canopy layers, despite similar overall interception. Therefore, knowing overall PAR interception does not allow an understanding of differences in PAR distribution on the ground and within the canopy and their possible effects on canopy radiation use efficiency (RUE) and performance, between different architectural systems.


2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUILHERME M. TORRES ◽  
ADRIAN KOLLER ◽  
RANDY TAYLOR ◽  
WILLIAM R. RAUN

SUMMARYSeed-oriented planting provides a manner to influence canopy structure. The purpose of this research was to improve maize light interception using seed-oriented planting to manipulate leaf azimuth across the row thereby minimizing leaf overlap. To achieve leaf azimuths oriented preferentially across the row, seeds were planted: (i) upright with caryopsis pointed down, parallel to the row (upright); and (ii) laying flat, embryo up, perpendicular to the row (flat). These treatments were compared to conventionally planted seeds with resulting random leaf azimuth distribution. Seed orientation effects were contrasted with three levels of plant population and two levels of hybrid specific canopy structures. Increased plant population resulted in greater light interception but yield tended to decrease as plant population increased. The planophile hybrid produced consistently greater yields than the erectophile hybrid. The difference between planophile and erectophile hybrids ranged from 283 to 903 kg ha−1. Overall, mean grain yield for upright and flat seed placement increased by 351 and 463 kg ha−1 compared to random seed placement. Greater cumulative intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (CIPAR) was found for oriented seeds rather than random-oriented seeds. At physiological maturity upright, flat and random-oriented seeds intercepted 555, 525 and 521 MJ m−2 of PAR, respectively. Maize yield responded positively to improved light interception and better radiation use efficiency. Under irrigated conditions, precision planting of maize increased yield by 9 to 14% compared to random-oriented seeds.


1989 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R. Kiniry ◽  
C.A. Jones ◽  
J.C. O'toole ◽  
R. Blanchet ◽  
M. Cabelguenne ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 1276-1288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemma Molero ◽  
Ryan Joynson ◽  
Francisco J. Pinera‐Chavez ◽  
Laura‐Jayne Gardiner ◽  
Carolina Rivera‐Amado ◽  
...  

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