scholarly journals NEW OBSERVATIONS OF STOAT (Mustela erminea L.) IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
Željko Sekulić ◽  
Saša Kunovac
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Forest Edge ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Mustela Erminea ◽  
Alpine Meadows ◽  
Hunting Bag ◽  
Riparian Woodlands ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
New Localities

UDK: 599.742.4(497.6) The Stoat occupies a wide range of habitats. It is often found in successional or forest-edge habitats, in the scrub, alpine meadows, marshes, riparian woodlands, hedgerows, and riverbanks that have high densities of small mammals, especially Microtus and Arvicola voles (KİNG, 1983). PULLİAİNEN, (1999) stated that coniferous and mixed woodlands are preferred, but that many other habitats are used including tundra and the summits of fells and mountains. Dense forests and deserts are avoided (KİNG, 1983). Although mentioned in all to-day's Laws on Hunting (1893 – 2014) in Bosnia-Herzegovina, there are not so many records of this species or official reports in hunting bag. Considering its geographic range (IUCN 2020), in Bosnia-Herzegovina, the stoat is recorded only in the western and northern parts of the country. İn this paper, we presented new localities where the stoat was observed in Bosnia-Herzegovina, as well as types of habitats where it was recorded.

scholarly journals Paleontological research on fossil small mammals from the open-pit coal mines of Bosnia and Herzegovina: Overview of results

2018 ◽  
pp. 7-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoran Marković ◽  
Miloš Milivojević ◽  
Bruijn De ◽  
Wilma Wessels ◽  
De Van ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Coal Mines ◽  
Open Pit

Thlaspi sylvestre Jord. (= T. caerulescens J. & C. Presl), update on the localities and sites of a rare species in the flora of Slovenia / Thlaspi sylvestre Jord. (= T. caerulescens J. & C. Presl), dopolnjena vednost o razširjenosti in rastiščih redke ...

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-227
Author(s):  
Igor Dakskobler ◽  
Marija Skok ◽  
Gabrijel Seljak ◽  
Jože Lango ◽  
Martina Bačič
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Rare Species ◽  
Forest Edge ◽  
Thlaspi Caerulescens ◽  
World War ◽  
Rumex Acetosa ◽  
New Localities ◽  
Ranunculus Acris ◽  
Existing Data

In the Čepovan Valley (Čepovan, hamlet Šulgi), on the northwestern rim of the Banjšice Plateau in the villages of Grudnica (in the Tolmin municipality) and near Sveto to the south of the plateau, we found new localities of Thlaspi sylvestre (T. caerulescens), which complement the existing data on the distribution of this species in Slovenia (Srednji Lokovec, Vrata), and surveyed its sites. Thlaspi sylvestre grows on meadows and pastures in the vicinity of human settlements, in hedges, on road banks, on the forest edge and in an open pioneer forest. Its most common companions are Galium mollugo agg. (G. album), Cruciata glabra, Rumex acetosa, Ranunculus acris, Taraxacum sect. Ruderalia and Veronica chamaedrys. Thlaspi sylvestre most frequently occurs in the communities from the class Molinio-Arrhenatheretea. Our findings confirm Tone Wraber’s assumption that it is not indigenous to Slovenia, and was introduced to the Banjšice Plateau as well as to Grudnica and the Čepovan Valley with human assistance (military transport during World War I). Key words: phytogeography, phytosociology, Thlaspi caerulescens, florula castrensis, Čepovan Valley, Grudnica, Banjšice, Slovenia   Izvleček V Čepovanski dolini (Čepovan, zaselek Šulgi), na severovzhodnem robu Banjške planote v vasi Grudnica (občina Tolmin) in pri vasi Sveto v južnem delu te planote smo našli nova nahajališča vrste Thlaspi sylvestre (T. caerules­cens), ki dopolnjujejo njeno do zdaj znano razširjenost v Sloveniji (Srednji Lokovec, Vrata), in popisali njena rastišča. Raste na travnikih in pašnikih v okolici človeških bivališč, v mejicah, na cestnih brežinah, na gozdnem robu in v svetlem pionirskem gozdu. Njene najbolj pogoste spremljevalke so vrste Galium mollugo agg. (G. album), Cruciata glabra, Rumex acetosa, Ranunculus acris, Taraxacum sect. Ruderalia in Veronica chamaedrys. Najpogosteje raste v združbah iz razreda Molinio-Arrhenatheretea. Potrjujemo domnevo Toneta Wraberja, da ta vrsta v Sloveniji ni samonikla in da se je na Banjšice in tudi v Grudnico in Čepovansko dolino priselila s človekovo pomočjo (vojaškimi transporti med prvo svetovno vojno).  Ključne besede: fitogeografija, fitocenologija, Thlaspi caerulescens, florula castrensis, Čepovanska dolina, Grudnica, Banjšice, Slovenija  

scholarly journals Social Media in Bosnia and Herzegovina

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1821
Author(s):  
Zvezdan Stojanović
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Telecommunication Infrastructure ◽  
State Administration ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Tourism Education ◽  
Education Marketing ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
The Impact

The use of social media has a wide range of applications in different areas of life. Accordingly, the impact of social networks in everyday life is growing. Bosnia and Herzegovina has a solid telecommunication infrastructure, which is of great importance for the development of social networks. This paper will show the application of social networks in areas such as tourism, education, marketing, politics and local and state administration bodies in Bosnia and Herzegovina.  

scholarly journals Small mammals from the opencast lignite mine Gračanica (Bugojno, middle Miocene), Bosnia and Herzegovina

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilma Wessels ◽  
Hans de Bruijn ◽  
Zoran Marković ◽  
Miloš Milivojević
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Middle Miocene ◽  
Lignite Mine

Southern extension of the geographic range of black-and-gold howler monkeys (Alouatta caraya)

Mammalia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia M.A. Jardim ◽  
Diego Queirolo ◽  
Felipe B. Peters ◽  
Fábio D. Mazim ◽  
Marina O. Favarini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Howler Monkey ◽  
Forest Loss ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Alouatta Caraya ◽  
Howler Monkeys ◽  
Pampa Biome ◽  
New Localities ◽  
Northeastern Argentina

Abstract The black-and-gold howler monkey (Alouatta caraya) is widely distributed in Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, and northeastern Argentina. Despite this wide distribution, it is locally threatened in some parts of its southern range by forest loss and fragmentation, and yellow fever outbreaks. We present 14 new localities of A. caraya occurrence in the Pampa biome of southern Brazil, extending its range southwards by approximately 100 km.

scholarly journals Testing predator - prey theory by studying fluctuating populations of small mammals.

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Boutin
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Limit Cycles ◽  
Functional Responses ◽  
Predator Satiation ◽  
Linear Type ◽  
Small Component ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fluctuating Populations

Fluctuating populations of small mammals provide an excellent opportunity to study the functional and numerical responses of predators because of the wide range in prey density that occurs. I reinterpret data from six studies that have examined the role of predation in the population dynamics of voles in California, southern Sweden and western Finland, of snowshoe hares in northern Canada, and of house mice and rabbits in Australia. Most studies have measured functional responses by relying on changes in diet as reflected by scat or stomach contents. These methods are probably biased toward showing predator satiation. Contrary to previous conclusions I find that there is little evidence for non-linear (Type 111) functional-response curves or predator satiation at high prey densities. Recent studies indicate that the functional and numerical responses of predators can be rapid and strong enough to initiate cyclic declines, dampen fluctuations, or even cause stable numbers. The exception to this appears to be the irruptions of mice and rabbits in Australia. I propose a general explanation for the role of predation whereby the effect of predation is largely dependent on the entire prey community. When potentially cyclic prey are a small component of the overall prey biomass, generalist predators are able to prevent fluctuations by strong functional or numerical responses. As the prey community becomes dominated by a few species that fluctuate, limit cycles predominate. Limit cycles turn into irruptive population dynamics when seasonal prey reproduction is eliminated because of extended periods of vegetation growth (vegetation flushes following drought). In the future we must test assumptions underlying the way we study predation by telemetric monitoring of prey mortality and by experimentally manipulating predation.

scholarly journals Cryptosporidium parvum Infection Involving Novel Genotypes in Wildlife from Lower New York State

2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 1154-1162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph F. Perz ◽  
Sylvie M. Le Blancq
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
New York State ◽  
Genotype 4 ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
York State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Genotype 2 ◽  
Pcr Products

ABSTRACT Cryptosporidium, an enteric parasite of humans and a wide range of other mammals, presents numerous challenges to the supply of safe drinking water. We performed a wildlife survey, focusing on white-tailed deer and small mammals, to assess whether they may serve as environmental sources of Cryptosporidium. A PCR-based approach that permitted genetic characterization via sequence analysis was applied to wildlife fecal samples (n = 111) collected from September 1996 to July 1998 from three areas in lower New York State. Southern analysis revealed 22 fecal samples containingCryptosporidium small-subunit (SSU) ribosomal DNA; these included 10 of 91 white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) samples, 3 of 5 chipmunk (Tamias striatus) samples, 1 of 2 white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus) samples, 1 of 2 striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis) samples, 1 of 5 racoon (Procyon lotor) samples, and 6 of 6 muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus) samples. All of the 15 SSU PCR products sequenced were characterized asCryptosporidium parvum; two were identical to genotype 2 (bovine), whereas the remainder belonged to two novel SSU sequence groups, designated genotypes 3 and 4. Genotype 3 comprised four deer-derived sequences, whereas genotype 4 included nine sequences from deer, mouse, chipmunk, and muskrat samples. PCR analysis was performed on the SSU-positive fecal samples for three otherCryptosporidium loci (dihydrofolate reductase, polythreonine-rich protein, and beta-tubulin), and 8 of 10 cloned PCR products were consistent with C. parvum genotype 2. These data provide evidence that there is sylvatic transmission of C. parvum involving deer and other small mammals. This study affirmed the importance of wildlife as potential sources ofCryptosporidium in the catchments of public water supplies.

DISTRIBUTION EXTENSION OF THE BLACK-HEADED SNAKE Tantilla boipiranga SAWAYA & SAZIMA, 2003 IN THE STATE OF MINAS GERAIS, BRAZIL

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (04) ◽  
pp. 943-948
Author(s):  
Pedro Henrique Tunes ◽  
◽  
Arthur Toledo Ramos Costa França ◽  
Rafael Magalhães Mol
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
The State ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Campos Rupestres ◽  
New Localities

Tantilla boipiranga is a rare vulnerable snake found in the Atlantic Forest, distributed in the phytophysiognomy of rocky grasslands (campos rupestres), in southeastern Brazil. Here, we update the known geographic range of the species to eight new localities in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, extending its distribution approximately 400 km northwards to the municipality of Almenara, from the previous northernmost record, and 703 km from the type locality.

scholarly journals Why mammalian lineages respond differently to sexual selection: metabolic rate constrains the evolution of sperm size

2011 ◽  
Vol 278 (1721) ◽  
pp. 3135-3141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Montserrat Gomendio ◽  
Maximiliano Tourmente ◽  
Eduardo R. S. Roldan
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Sperm Competition ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Metabolic Rates ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
Sperm Size

The hypothesis that sperm competition should favour increases in sperm size, because it results in faster swimming speeds, has received support from studies on many taxa, but remains contentious for mammals. We suggest that this may be because mammalian lineages respond differently to sexual selection, owing to major differences in body size, which are associated with differences in mass-specific metabolic rate. Recent evidence suggests that cellular metabolic rate also scales with body size, so that small mammals have cells that process energy and resources from the environment at a faster rate. We develop the ‘metabolic rate constraint hypothesis’ which proposes that low mass-specific metabolic rate among large mammals may limit their ability to respond to sexual selection by increasing sperm size, while this constraint does not exist among small mammals. Here we show that among rodents, which have high mass-specific metabolic rates, sperm size increases under sperm competition, reaching the longest sperm sizes found in eutherian mammals. By contrast, mammalian lineages with large body sizes have small sperm, and while metabolic rate (corrected for body size) influences sperm size, sperm competition levels do not. When all eutherian mammals are analysed jointly, our results suggest that as mass-specific metabolic rate increases, so does maximum sperm size. In addition, species with low mass-specific metabolic rates produce uniformly small sperm, while species with high mass-specific metabolic rates produce a wide range of sperm sizes. These findings support the hypothesis that mass-specific metabolic rates determine the budget available for sperm production: at high levels, sperm size increases in response to sexual selection, while low levels constrain the ability to respond to sexual selection by increasing sperm size. Thus, adaptive and costly traits, such as sperm size, may only evolve under sexual selection when metabolic rate does not constrain cellular budgets.

Predation rates of artificial nests in the edge and interior of a southern Victorian forest

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lainie Berry
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Nest Predation ◽  
Forest Edge ◽  
Forest Edges ◽  
Artificial Nests ◽  
Avian Predators ◽  
Forest Interior ◽  
Grey Shrike ◽  
Predation Rates

Predation rates of nests at human-induced habitat edges may be greater than in forest interior due to differences in predator assemblages and predator activity. I compared the predation rates on 192 artificial nests containing plasticine eggs placed in forest edge and interior sites at Bunyip State Park, Victoria. The nest-predation rates at the forest edge sites were significantly greater (mean = 52–58%) than that at the forest interior sites (mean = 30–39%). The relative rates of predation by birds compared with mammals were significantly greater at forest edge sites (mean = 78–94%) than at forest interior sites (mean = 36–67%). Higher rates of nest predation at forest edges appeared to be due to greater densities of avian predators such as the grey shrike-thrush (Colluricincla harmonica), and/or lower abundances of small mammals. However, biases towards certain predator types may mask real, or create false, patterns in predation rates of artificial nests. A better understanding of how predators respond to artificial nests compared with natural nests is required. Until then, results of predation studies that use artificial nests should be interpreted with caution.

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