scholarly journals Od PET lahví k dobrotám

2022 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-64
Author(s):  
Petr Holý ◽  
Eva Benešová
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Genetic Modification ◽  
Terephthalic Acid ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Hydrolysis Product ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pet Bottles ◽  
Global Issue

The treatment of waste PET bottles has become a pressing global issue over the last few decades, and many scientific teams are currently working on solutions to it. There are many different approaches of how to solve this problem. The present article outlines the possibility to process terephthalic acid, which is the hydrolysis product of polyethylene terephthalate, into vanillin, a compound widely used in the food industry. The work of British scientists who have succeeded in using genetic modification to produce a strain of E. coli RARE_pVanX capable of processing polyethylene terephthalate hydrolysates to the desired vanillin is presented in a broader context.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Efficacy and Spectrum of Phosphorous-Fluorine Co-Doped TiO2 Nanoparticles on the Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella Typhimurium, Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli, Yersinia enterocolitica, Shewanella putrefaciens, Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1786
Author(s):  
György Schneider ◽  
Bettina Schweitzer ◽  
Anita Steinbach ◽  
Botond Zsombor Pertics ◽  
Alysia Cox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Tio2 Nps ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Co Doped

Contamination of meats and meat products with foodborne pathogenic bacteria raises serious safety issues in the food industry. The antibacterial activities of phosphorous-fluorine co-doped TiO2 nanoparticles (PF-TiO2) were investigated against seven foodborne pathogenic bacteria: Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella Typhimurium, Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli, Yersinia enterocolitica, Shewanella putrefaciens, Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus. PF-TiO2 NPs were synthesized hydrothermally at 250 °C for 1, 3, 6 or 12 h, and then tested at three different concentrations (500 μg/mL, 100 μg/mL, 20 μg/mL) for the inactivation of foodborne bacteria under UVA irradiation, daylight exposure or dark conditions. The antibacterial efficacies were compared after 30 min of exposure to light. Distinct differences in the antibacterial activities of the PF-TiO2 NPs, and the susceptibilities of tested foodborne pathogenic bacterium species were found. PF-TiO2/3 h and PF-TiO2/6 h showed the highest antibacterial activity by decreasing the living bacterial cell number from ~106 by ~5 log (L. monocytogenes), ~4 log (EHEC), ~3 log (Y. enterolcolitca, S. putrefaciens) and ~2.5 log (S. aureus), along with complete eradication of C. jejuni and S. Typhimurium. Efficacy of PF-TiO2/1 h and PF-TiO2/12 h NPs was lower, typically causing a ~2–4 log decrease in colony forming units depending on the tested bacterium while the effect of PF-TiO2/0 h was comparable to P25 TiO2, a commercial TiO2 with high photocatalytic activity. Our results show that PF-co-doping of TiO2 NPs enhanced the antibacterial action against foodborne pathogenic bacteria and are potential candidates for use in the food industry as active surface components, potentially contributing to the production of meats that are safe for consumption.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial and Immunomodulating Activities of Two Endemic Nepeta Species and Their Major Iridoids Isolated from Natural Sources

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 414
Author(s):  
Neda Aničić ◽  
Uroš Gašić ◽  
Feng Lu ◽  
Ana Ćirić ◽  
Marija Ivanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Metabolite Profiles ◽  
Aspergillus Sp ◽  
First Time

Two Balkan Peninsula endemics, Nepeta rtanjensis and N. argolica subsp. argolica, both characterized by specialized metabolite profiles predominated by iridoids and phenolics, are differentiated according to the stereochemistry of major iridoid aglycone nepetalactone (NL). For the first time, the present study provides a comparative analysis of antimicrobial and immunomodulating activities of the two Nepeta species and their major iridoids isolated from natural sources—cis,trans-NL, trans,cis-NL, and 1,5,9-epideoxyloganic acid (1,5,9-eDLA), as well as of phenolic acid rosmarinic acid (RA). Methanol extracts and pure iridoids displayed excellent antimicrobial activity against eight strains of bacteria and seven strains of fungi. They were especially potent against food-borne pathogens such as L. monocytogenes, E. coli, S. aureus, Penicillium sp., and Aspergillus sp. Targeted iridoids were efficient agents in preventing biofilm formation of resistant P. aeruginosa strain, and they displayed additive antimicrobial interaction. Iridoids are, to a great extent, responsible for the prominent antimicrobial activities of the two Nepeta species, although are probably minor contributors to the moderate immunomodulatory effects. The analyzed iridoids and RA, individually or in mixtures, have the potential to be used in the pharmaceutical industry as potent antimicrobials, and in the food industry to increase the shelf life and safety of food products.

Preliminary Estimates of Costs of Foodborne Disease in the United States

1989 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 595-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
EWEN C. D. TODD
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
The United States ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Foodborne Diseases ◽  
Hemorrhagic Colitis ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Total Impact

Although the full economic impact of foodborne diseases has yet to be measured, preliminary studies show that the cost of illness, death, and business lost is high indeed. This impact is probably greatest in developing countries, but few facts are known. For the United States, preliminary estimates are 12.6 million cases costing $8.4 billion. These may seem excessive but other authors have postulated even higher case and dollar figures. Microbiological diseases (bacterial and viral) represent 84% of the United States' costs, with salmonellosis and staphylococcal intoxication being the most economically important diseases (annually $4.0 billion and $1.5 billion, respectively). Other costly types of illnesses are toxoplasmosis ($445 million), listeriosis ($313 million), campylobacteriosis ($156 million), trichinosis ($144 million), Clostridium perfringens enteritis ($123 million), and E. coli infections including hemorrhagic colitis ($223 million). Botulism has a high cost per case ($322,200), but its total impact is only $87 million because relatively few cases occur (270). This is because the food industry has been able to introduce effective control measures. Salmonellosis, however, is much more widespread (2.9 million cases) and affects all sectors of the food industry.

Antibacterial Effects of Long-Chain Polyphosphates on Selected Spoilage and Pathogenic Bacteria

2008 ◽  
Vol 71 (7) ◽  
pp. 1401-1405 ◽  
Author(s):  
JEREMY A. OBRITSCH ◽  
DOJIN RYU ◽  
LUCINA E. LAMPILA ◽  
LLOYD B. BULLERMAN
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Inhibition Of Growth ◽  
K 12 ◽  
Chain Lengths ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Long Chain

The antimicrobial activities of four long-chain food-grade polyphosphates were studied at concentrations allowed in the food industry (<5,000 ppm) in defined basal media by determining the inhibition of growth of three gram-negative and four gram-positive spoilage and pathogenic bacteria. Both generation time and lag phase of Escherichia coli K-12, E. coli O157: H7, and Salmonella Typhimurium were increased with all of the polyphosphates tested. Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus were more sensitive to polyphosphates, but not in all cases, with multiphased growth. The growth of Lactobacillus plantarum was inhibited by polyphosphates at concentrations above 750 ppm, but the lag time of Listeria monocytogenes was shortened by the presence of polyphosphates. No single polyphosphate was maximally inhibitory against all bacteria. Polyphosphates with chain lengths of 12 to 15 were significantly different from those with chain lengths of 18 to 21 depending on the organism and concentrations of polyphosphate used. Overall, higher polyphosphate concentrations resulted in greater inhibition of bacterial growth.

scholarly journals Betalains in Edible Fruits of Three Cactaceae Taxa—Epiphyllum, Hylocereus, and Opuntia—Their LC-MS/MS and FTIR Identification and Biological Activities Evaluation

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2669
Author(s):  
Michaela Barkociová ◽  
Jaroslav Tóth ◽  
Katarzyna Sutor ◽  
Natalia Drobnicka ◽  
Slawomir Wybraniec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Activity Assay ◽  
Natural Pigment ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ft Ir

Epiphyllum, Hylocereus, and Opuntia plants belong to the Cactaceae family. They are mostly known as ornamental plants but also for their edible fruits, which can potentially be sources of betalains, such as betanin, a natural pigment used in the food industry, e.g., under the European label code E 162. The aim of this work was the identification of betalains (using LC-MS/MS), evaluation of total betalain content (spectrophotometrically), analysis of functional groups (using FT-IR), evaluation of antioxidant activity (using DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, DCFH-DA, and reducing power methods) and evaluation of antimicrobial activity (S. aureus, E. coli, and C. albicans) in fruits of Epiphyllum, Hylocereus, and Opuntia taxa. A total of 20 betalains were identified in the studied Cactaceae fruits. The Epiphyllum pink hybrid had the highest values of total betalains amongst all samples. The highest antioxidant activity was observed in the Epiphyllum pink hybrid, in Opuntia zacuapanensis and O. humifusa fruits. The antimicrobial activity assay showed that cacti fruits were not able to effectively inhibit the growth of E. coli, S. aureus, or C. albicans. Our results prove that these fruits are good sources of natural pigments—betalains. They do not contain toxic compounds in significant amounts and they exhibit antioxidant activity.

The formation of p-toluic acid from coumalic acid: a reaction network analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (14) ◽  
pp. 3263-3271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toni Pfennig ◽  
Robert L. Johnson ◽  
Brent H. Shanks
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Terephthalic Acid ◽  
Alternative Pathway ◽  
Reaction Network ◽  
Diels Alder

Diels–Alder cycloaddition of biomass-derived 2-pyrone coumalic acid (CMA) with propylene provides an alternative pathway to produce toluic acid (TA), a precursor to terephthalic acid (TPA) which is a key component in the manufacture of polyethylene terephthalate (PET).

scholarly journals Waste PET as a Reactant for Lanthanide MOF Synthesis and Application in Sensing of Picric Acid

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Zhang ◽  
Shuyi Chen ◽  
Shengqiang Nie ◽  
Jun Luo ◽  
Shaomin Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Terephthalic Acid ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Picric Acid ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Pet Bottles ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Lanthanide Metal ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
First Time ◽  
Organic Framework

In this study, a lanthanide metal organic framework based on the ligand of terephthalic acid derived from waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles was designed and synthesized. The structure and morphology of the Tb-BDC was investigated by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The Tb-BDC displays a high selectivity and sensitivity towards picric acid (TNP). The luminescence intensities exhibit a linear relation, with a concentration of TNP over the range of 1 × 10−5–1 × 10−4 M, with a limit of detection of 1 × 10−5 M. The sensing mechanism is also discussed. This is the first time that waste PET materials have been used as the starting precursor of terephthalic acid (BDC) for the fabrication of lanthanide MOF (metal organic framework), which is applied in sensing TNP.

scholarly journals Multiplex Detection of Salmonella spp., E. coli O157 and L. monocytogenes by qPCR Melt Curve Analysis in Spiked Infant Formula

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1359
Author(s):  
Sarah Azinheiro ◽  
Joana Carvalho ◽  
Marta Prado ◽  
Alejandro Garrido-Maestu
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
High Resolution Melting ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Relative Sensitivity ◽  
Multiplex Detection ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Melt Curve Analysis ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Reaction Inhibition

Food poisoning continue to be a threat in the food industry showing a need to improve the detection of the pathogen responsible for the hospitalization cases and death. DNA-based techniques represent a real advantage and allow the detection of several targets at the same time, reducing cost and time of analysis. The development of new methodology using SYBR Green qPCR for the detection of L. monocytogenes, Salmonella spp. and E. coli O157 simultaneously was developed and a non-competitive internal amplification control (NC-IAC) was implemented to detect reaction inhibition. The formulation and supplementation of the enrichment medium was also optimized to allow the growth of all pathogens. The limit of detection (LoD) 95% obtained was <1 CFU/25 g for E. coli O157, and 2 CFU/25 g for Salmonella spp. and L. monocytogenes and regarding the multiplex detection a LoD 95% of 1.7 CFU/25 g was observed. The specificity, relative sensitivity and accuracy of full methodology were 100% and the use of the NC-IAC allowed the reliability of the results without interfering with the sensitivity of the methodology. The described study proved to obtain results comparable to those of probe-based qPCR, and more economically than classical high resolution melting qPCR, being both important aspects for its implementation in the food industry.

scholarly journals Ascorbic Acid Changes Growth of Food-Borne Pathogens in the Early Stage of Biofilm Formation

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 553
Author(s):  
Jana Przekwas ◽  
Natalia Wiktorczyk ◽  
Anna Budzyńska ◽  
Ewa Wałecka-Zacharska ◽  
Eugenia Gospodarek-Komkowska
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Biofilm Inhibition ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
The Impact

Since bacterial biofilm may contribute to the secondary contamination of food during the manufacturing/processing stage there is a need for new methods allowing its effective eradication. Application of food additives such as vitamin C already used in food industry as antioxidant food industry antioxidants may be a promising solution. The aim of this research was evaluation of the impact of vitamin C (ascorbic acid), in a range of concentrations 2.50 µg mL−1–25.0 mg mL−1, on biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Listeria monocytogenes strains isolated from food. The efficacy of ascorbic acid was assessed based on the reduction of optical density (λ = 595 nm). The greatest elimination of the biofilm was achieved at the concentration of vitamin C of 25.0 mg mL−1. The effect of the vitamin C on biofilm, however, was strain dependent. The concentration of 25.0 mg mL−1 reduced 93.4%, 74.9%, and 40.5% of E. coli, L. monocytogenes, and S. aureus number, respectively. For E. coli and S. aureus lower concentrations were ineffective. In turn, for L. monocytogenes the biofilm inhibition was observed even at the concentration of 0.25 mg mL−1. The addition of vitamin C may be helpful in the elimination of bacterial biofilms. Nonetheless, some concentrations can induce growth of the pathogens, posing risk for the consumers’ health.

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