scholarly journals AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITY RUN BY OPEN-AIR MUSEUMS IN POLAND

Muzealnictwo ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 115-127
Author(s):  
Żaneta Gwardzińska
Keyword(s):  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Polish Literature ◽  
Pioneer Study ◽  
Legal Challenges

The discussed issue relates to one of the legal aspects of the operations of open-air museums, namely them running agricultural activity. The specificity of this group of museums and their character make them not only museums in the understanding of the Act on Museums of 21 November 1996, but also farms to which regulations of broadly conceived agricultural law apply. What is more, the animals raised at museums require regular veterinary care, and its provision should be secured by the institutions’ directors. These are all questions that do not stem directly from the Act on Museums, hence, among others, numerous problems faced by museum curators. The paper is accompanied by tables and diagrams containing the results of a survey conducted by the Author among curators from open-air museums meant to display the legal challenges they have to face on a daily basis in their works. The paper constitutes a pioneer study of these problems, since they have not as yet been analysed in Polish literature.

scholarly journals China–Pakistan economic corridor and maritime security collaboration

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yen-Chiang Chang ◽  
Mehran Idris Khan
Keyword(s):  
Capacity Building ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
International Security ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Maritime Security ◽  
Potential Outcomes ◽  
Critical Element ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Legal Challenges

Purpose This study aims to explore why marine development and maritime security in Pakistan are significant and what the Chinese concerns are. Therefore, the objective of this research is to analyse a growing Pak–China bilateral interests, particularly at Gwadar, to achieve the geostrategic objectives of China–Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). Design/methodology/approach The study adopts a qualitative means to discuss the significance of China’s ambitions towards the CPEC project concerning strategic deep-sea management and maritime regulations in the region, with a particular focus on the Gwadar Port. Findings The paper concludes that the Gwadar Port is a critical element for maritime security in the whole region. The study also provides an analysis of national and international, security and legal challenges associated with CPEC. Originality/value Most of the potential outcomes have already been discussed in public, though a limited academic discussion is available on the legal aspects. It is particularly so with regard to the development and capacity building in the maritime sector of Pakistan under this project. This study aims to explore why marine development and maritime security in Pakistan is significant and what the Chinese concerns are.

scholarly journals Uwarunkowania prawne działalności gospodarczej w Czechach

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Jakub Hudský
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Business Activity ◽  
Legal Capacity ◽  
Criminal Records ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Medical Activity ◽  
The Law

LEGAL ASPECTS OF BUSINESS ACTIVITY IN THE CZECH REPUBLICThere are two designations connected with business activity in Czech commercial legislation — business activity hospodářská činnost and živnost. Despite that the definitions of these terms are identical in substantive elements, the živnost is a narrower concept. The types of the živnost function in accordance to the rules indicated in the law. There are some types of business activities listed in the law, which are indicated as activity but not a živnost. For example, medical activity, activities of lawyers, activities of sworn translators, or agricultural activity. Czech legislation also distinguishes two main types of business activity in terms of živnost. Namely, notified business activity ohlašovací živnost and licensed activity. If an entity wishes to pursue a živnost business activity in the Czech Republic, there are two requirements: full legal capacity and no criminal records on business.

scholarly journals Digital Technologies for Sustainable Development: Legal Challenges. Conference Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Valeriia Ermolaeva
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
Business Law ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Legal Challenges ◽  
Conference Review

This is a conference review of Digital Law Conference dedicated to the legal challenges of digital technologies for sustainable development. It was held at the Department of Business Law of Lomonosov Moscow State University (Russia, Moscow, November 26, 2020). The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) officially known as Transforming Our World: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development are 17 goals for international cooperation recognized by the UN. The purpose of this conference was to share, learn, and discuss main approaches to legal regulation of "end-to-end" digital technologies in Russia and elsewhere in the world, taking into account that implementation of the leading technologies should contribute to achieving SDGs. There has been considered the legal issues of the application of various digital technologies through the prism of achieving SDGs: the promotion of sustained, inclusive, and sustainable economic growth and digital technologies; the legal aspects of democratization of access to financial markets and tokenization of economy; the legal issues of implementation of the Internet of Things; the legal support for sustainable industrialization and innovation using Artificial Intelligence and other digital technologies; the use of digital technologies to promote an open society for sustainable development, access to justice for everybody, and so on. The contribution of digital technologies for sustainable development was well-illustrated, and many actionable solutions were proposed.

The decommissioning of oil and gas fields: Egyptian law and policy

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 287-293
Author(s):  
Mostafa Elshazly
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
National Oil Companies ◽  
Oil And Gas Fields ◽  
Law And Policy ◽  
Legal Challenges ◽  
Gas Fields

Abstract Legal issues around the decommissioning of oil and gas fields have generally been given insufficient attention by energy lawyers in most jurisdictions worldwide. Oil and gas lawyers, and other stakeholders in Egypt, face the same challenge. This article discusses the topic of the decommissioning of oil and gas fields in the context of the legal aspects and the regulatory framework for decommissioning in Egypt, demonstrating the main challenges relating to the legal framework for decommissioning arrangements in the country. At the heart of the legal challenges associated with the decommissioning of oil and gas fields in Egypt lies the most important question: who should pay the associated costs, and when? This article also presents some recommendations to enhance the current regulatory framework for the decommissioning of oil and gas fields in Egypt, to maintain the balance of interests between international oil companies and national oil companies active in Egypt.

scholarly journals Current Laws Governing Franchise Agreement in Jordan

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Mohammad Saud Khasawneh ◽  
Nurli Yaacob ◽  
Rohana Abdul Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
License Agreement ◽  
Legal Challenges ◽  
Opening Up ◽  
Laws And Regulations

<p>Currently there are more than 150 local and international franchise businesses operating in Jordan. Franchise business in Jordan has been a crucial investment market contributing to the country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and developing its economic growth and trade. Nevertheless, legal challenges to the investors which have existed may hinder them from opening up a franchise business in Jordan. One of these challenges is the lack of specific legal framework regulating franchise business. Jordanian legal system does not have specific legislation to regulate the franchise agreement (which is known as the “license agreement” in Jordan) between a franchisor and a franchisee. The lack of specific legislation may deter or at least slow down the progress of foreign and local investors in setting up franchise businesses in Jordan, as they could not reasonably anticipate the relevant laws and regulatory enforcements relating to franchise. Therefore, this paper examines the current laws and regulations governing franchise business in Jordan. The paper concludes that existing laws affecting franchise in Jordan fail to address comprehensively the legal aspects of franchise. Thus, there is a dire need for specific legal framework to govern franchise business in Jordan.</p>

scholarly journals eHealth Literacy of German Physicians in the Pre–COVID-19 Era: Questionnaire Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Kirchberg ◽  
Johannes Fritzmann ◽  
Jürgen Weitz ◽  
Ulrich Bork
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
User Behavior ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Disruptive Technology ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Ehealth Literacy ◽  
Medical Apps ◽  
Representative Cohort

BACKGROUND Digitalization is a disruptive technology that changes the way we deliver diagnostic procedures and treatments in medicine. Different stakeholders have varying interests in and expectations of the digitalization of modern medicine. Many recent digital advances in the medical field, such as the implementation of electronic health records, telemedical services, and mobile health apps, are increasingly used by medical professionals and patients. During the current pandemic outbreak of a novel coronavirus-caused respiratory disease (COVID-19), many modern information and communication technologies (ICT) have been used to overcome the physical barriers and limitations caused by government-issued curfews and workforce shortages. Therefore, the COVID-19 pandemic has led to a surge in the usage of modern ICT in medicine. At the same time, the eHealth literacy of physicians working with these technologies has probably not improved since our study. OBJECTIVE This paper describes a representative cohort of German physicians before the COVID-19 pandemic and their eHealth literacy and attitude towards modern ICT. METHODS A structured, self-developed questionnaire about user behavior and attitudes towards eHealth applications was administered to a representative cohort of 93 German physicians. RESULTS Of the 93 German physicians who participated in the study, 97% (90/93) use a mobile phone. Medical apps are used by 42% (39/93). Half of the surveyed physicians (47/93, 50%) use their private mobile phones for official purposes on a daily basis. Telemedicine is part of the daily routine for more than one-third (31/93, 33%) of all participants. More than 80% (76/93, 82%) of the trial participants state that their knowledge regarding the legal aspects and data safety of medical apps and cloud computing is insufficient. CONCLUSIONS Modern ICT is frequently used and mostly welcomed by German physicians. However, there is a tremendous lack of eHealth literacy and knowledge about the safe and secure implementation of these technologies in routine clinical practice.

First Heidelberg Day of Art Law (Heidelberg, Germany, September 8, 2007)

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-424
Author(s):  
Sophie Engelhardt
Keyword(s):  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Legal Challenges ◽  
Artistic Works

On September 8, 2007, the Heidelberg Institut für Kunst und Recht (IFKUR, Institute of Art and Law) hosted guests interested in art and law from all over Germany, Switzerland, and Austria. More than 100 participants attended the institute's First Heidelberg Day of Art Law on “The Artist's Law—The Art of Law (Des Künstlers Rechte—Die Kunst des Rechts).” The conference was held in the Heidelberg Town Hall's ballroom. The first part of the day was dedicated to various legal aspects of the freedom of art, and the second part was devoted to legal challenges concerning the exploitation of artistic works.

Registros de Enfermería como Evidencia del Cuidado

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariela Su
Keyword(s):  
Patient Care ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
Nursing Services ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Legal Challenges

Los cuidados de Enfermería constituyen un elemento fundamental y articulador en la atención integral que se brinda en el medio hospitalario. Esto se evidencia en los documentos que registran la atención al paciente; en este sentido, las notas de Enfermería son una importante fuente de información que permiten dar continuidad al cuidado. En este trabajo, se realiza una revisión bibliográfica de aspectos que deben tenerse en cuenta para la realización de las notas de Enfermería. Más en concreto, se trata de conceptos deontológicos de la profesión y de aspectos legales que deben tenerse en cuenta para la construcción de la historia clínica. El insumo final para el análisis fue integrado por 50 artículos científicos de revisión, reflexión e investigación incluidos en las bases de datos SCIELO, OVID, DIALNET y PUBMED, así como documentos emanados de la legislación colombiana. En la estrategia de búsqueda, se utilizaron las palabras clave: enfermería, registros de enfermería, atención de enfermería y servicios de enfermería. En conclusión, quedó claro que las notas de Enfermería forman parte esencial de los expedientes de cualquier institución hospitalaria; en ellas se registran las intervenciones que realiza Enfermería en su labor asistencial. Por tanto, es necesario contar con documentos legales que avalen el rol autónomo de la profesión para así facilitar la investigación clínica, docente y cumplir con los requerimientos fundamentales para defender eficazmente litigios y retos legales.ABSTRACTA fundamental key element and articulator in the comprehensive care that is provided by the hospital environment is the nursing care. The documents that record the patient care are evident, in this sense, this is evident in the documents that record the patient care; in this sense, the nursing notes are an important source of information that allows you to give continuity to the care. In this work paper, a bibliographical review about aspects that must be taken into account for doing nursing notes is done. It’s about concepts of ethic of the profession and legal aspects which must be taken into account in order to report the clinical history, more specifically, final input for the analysis of 50 scientific articles in order to review was composed, reflection and research included in the SCIELO, OVID, DIALNET and PUBMED databases, and documents issued by Colombian legislation. The search strategy the key words: nurse, nursing, nursing care and nursing services records were used. In conclusion, it is clear that nurses notes are an essential part of any hospital; there nursing care interventions made by nursing care work are recorded. So, to have legal documents demonstrating the role of the autonomous profession to facilitate clinical research, is necessary, teaching and comply with the fundamental requirements for effectively defending litigation and legal challenges

Legal Aspects of EU Military Operations

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 218-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederik Naert
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Eu Law ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Legal Challenges ◽  
Defence Policy ◽  
Domestic Law ◽  
The Eu

This article provides a brief overview of the legal aspects of EU military crisis management operations, which, together with the EU’s civilian missions, are the main manifestation of the EU’s Security and Defence Policy. After the introduction (I), section II addresses the EU law aspects, section III covers the main international law aspects and section IV deals with domestic law aspects, including both the law of sending States and of the host State. Section V draws some conclusions and offers some reflections on the legal aspects of EU military operations and their role and importance. The author concludes that the EU has a well established legal framework for its military operations, which is soundly anchored in the EU Treaty, elaborated in practice and firmly based in and in compliance with international law. He also submits that the Lisbon Treaty reinforces this legal framework on several points and that the EU can rely on a number of mechanisms that should enable it to address most legal challenges that may arise.

scholarly journals RESTRUCTURING FARM-RUNNING ENTITIES – LEGAL ASPECTS

2020 ◽  
Vol XXII (1) ◽  
pp. 224-231
Author(s):  
Adam Majchrzak
Keyword(s):  
Legal Aspects ◽  
State Aid ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Debt Restructuring ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Remedial Actions ◽  
Polish Law ◽  
The Eu

The Act of 9 November 2018 on debt restructuring for farm-running entities introduced, into Polish law, certain instruments aimed at improving the financial liquidity of agricultural enterprises, which are insolvent or threatened with insolvency, and ultimately, enhancing their competitiveness in the EU market. These instruments consist of providing state aid in the form of subsidies to the interest of restructuring loans or loans for financing the repayment of debt arising in connection with conducting agricultural activity, as well as in the National Support Centre for Agriculture (KOWR) providing state aid in the form of guarantees securing the repayment of the restructuring loan, and in KOWR taking over a farm-running entity’s debt arising in connection with conducting agricultural activity in exchange for the transfer of ownership of their property to the State Treasury. The solutions enacted function in parallel to the possibility of making an arrangement with creditors and effecting remedial actions based on the provisions of Restructuring Law. The aim of the article is to evaluate the enacted regulations from the point of view of their consistency with the provisions of Restructuring Law, their compliance with the principles and objectives presented in the justification of the bill, and the expected results. Interpretation of intent and systemic interpretation of legal acts was used, with the application of historical and logical methods. Following the analysis carried out, it was concluded that with the regulations currently in force, the objectives of the act assumed by the legislator and the anticipated results will not be achieved in full.

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