2019 TOKYO DECLARATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 83-85
Author(s):  
James Appleyard
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Health System ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Ethical Framework ◽  
Life Balance ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Service Environment ◽  
Environment And Health ◽  
Individual Physician ◽  
The Individual

As the Congress explored the nature of burnout among doctors and health professionals in differing settings and in different nations it is clear that burnout is a global phenomenon. An organizational paradigm changes to a person- and people-centered system that incorporates complexity, is adaptive and integrative is essential. Such a change will enable continuing medical education be effective and the current unaffordable and unnecessary waste of human resources that the Congress identified reduced. The Congress reviewed a range of features precipitating burnout including a dysfunctional work–life balance and a variety of relatively simple individually protective factors. It is because of this variety that person- and people-centered initiatives rather than narrowly based top-down management solutions will prove effective Individual-level actions can be taken to reduce stress and poor health symptoms through effective coping and promoting healthy behavior. But there needs to be a much better alignment between the health system and the individual physician so that there are shared professional values within a clear medical ethical framework [23] that encourages professional development and adaptation to the health service environment and health system.

scholarly journals Challenges of health workforce in the next decade in Bulgaria

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Vladimirova ◽  
K r Kostadinova ◽  
D Velikova ◽  
G Tzolova ◽  
I Kamel
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Health System ◽  
Health Workforce ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
High Standard ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Regulatory Standards

Abstract Issue The sustainable development of human resources is essential for the effective functioning of the health system and the quality of health services. The analysis of the human resources available in the European region proves serious problems in this area, which requires the adoption of strategic documents with measures to overcome the negative tendencies Description The solution of the existing and expected and future shortage of health professionals is essential to protect the health of the population globally. In this regard, the international migration of health professionals and the shortage of skilled health workforce, as well as the growing disparity between population needs, health care supply and demand, is a topical problem for health systems. Results The mobility and shortage of highly qualified specialists are characteristic of the top of the pyramid. There is a significant shortage in the medium and low levels of the pyramid of healthcare professionals and some non-medical majors. In both cases, there are internal and external imbalances, most often caused by increased migration to economic centers in the country or countries with a high standard of living. A severe shortage of nursing professionals -Bulgaria has the second-lowest ratio of nurses to population and the lowest nurse to physician ratio among all member states. (1:1,2 compared to 1:2,3). The emigration of young doctors and nurses and the ageing of all health professionals - especially well pronounced with nurses and general practitioners - is a threat to the health system. Lessons The research of Human Resources in Healthcare is necessary to diagnose the managerial, financial and socioeconomic problems that arise in their formation and development. A key point - changing the system of postgraduate training. The regulatory standards and limits introduced in outpatient and hospital care and the specialization system do not help to link the incomes of medical staff to the quantity and quality of work. Key messages By the number of medical specialists, Bulgaria still holds positions well above the EU average. However, the age structure of workers implies increasing deficits in the future. Bulgaria should invest and support investments in the development of human capital in the health care system.

scholarly journals Improving Child Nutritional Status in Order to Fill the Demographic Dividend in East Java Province, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Lutfi Agus Salim
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Nutritional Conditions ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children ◽  
The Impact

All Indonesian children are national assets where the future of the nation depends on their quality. East Java Province experienced a demographic bonus period and the peak occurred in 2019 and a third of the population of East Java were children aged 0-17 years. Now the government of East Java Province has implemented five strategies in dealing with demographic bonuses, namely improving the quality of youth human resources, creating quality human resources, placing the elderly population as assets, improving health efforts, and economic empowerment. In the strategy of increasing health efforts, it is necessary to evaluate the nutritional status of children and toddlers. Improving the nutritional status of the community is one of the efforts that has a significant impact and is one of the determining factors for improving the quality of human resources. At the individual level, nutritional conditions are influenced by nutritional intake and related infectious diseases. The first two years of life is a critical period, if there are nutritional disorders in this period, the impact is permanent.

scholarly journals His or her work–life balance? Experiences of self-employed immigrant parents

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 624-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mai Camilla Munkejord
Keyword(s):  
Work And Family ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Work Life Balance ◽  
Immigrant Parents ◽  
Life Balance ◽  
Organizational Contexts ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Dual Earner ◽  
The Individual

The question of how to achieve ‘work–life balance’ has been a central debate for several decades. Hitherto, this subject has primarily been explored in organizational contexts; less is known in the context of self-employment. This article advances our understanding of work–life balance by analysing the everyday stories of self-employed immigrant parents in Norway. In this study, work–life balance is constructed in contrasting ways between mothers and fathers on the individual level and simultaneously in binary and potentially competing ways on the couple level. Hence, through an analysis of the participants’ work and family availabilities, this study sheds light on how gender relations may be shaped at the micro level within the Nordic dual-earner family model.

scholarly journals Research Design for an Integrated Artificial Intelligence Ethical Framework

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Афина Караджоянни
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Ethical Framework ◽  
Social Good ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Civil Society Organisations ◽  
Ai Ethics ◽  
The Individual

Artificial Intelligence (AI) regulatory and other governance mechanisms have only started to emerge and consolidate. Therefore, AI regulation, legislation, frameworks, and guidelines are presently fragmented, isolated, or co-exist in an opaque space between national governments, international bodies, corporations, practitioners, think-tanks, and civil society organisations. This article proposes a research design set up to address this problem by directly collaborating with targeted actors to identify principles for AI that are trustworthy, accountable, safe, fair, non-discriminatory, and which puts human rights and the social good at the centre of its approach. It proposes 21 interlinked substudies, focusing on the ethical judgements, empirical statements, and practical guidelines, which manufacture ethicopolitical visions and AI policies across four domains: seven tech corporations, seven governments, seven civil society actors, together with the analysis of online public debates. The proposed research design uses multiple research techniques: extensive mapping and studies of AI ethics policy documents and 120 interviews of key individuals, as well as assorted analyses of public feedback discussion loops on AI, employing digital methods on online communities specialising in AI debates. It considers novel conceptual interactions communicated across the globe, expands the regulatory, ethics, and technological foresight, both at the individual level (autonomy, identity, dignity, privacy, and data protection) and the societal level (fairness/equality, responsibility, accountability and transparency, surveillance/datafication, democracy and trust, collective humanity and the common good). By producing an innovative, intercontinental, multidisciplinary research design for an Ethical AI Standard, this article offers a concrete plan to search for the Holy Grail of Artificial Intelligence: Its Ethics.

scholarly journals Assessing the Current Integration of Multiple Personalised Wearable Sensors for Environment and Health Monitoring

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 7693
Author(s):  
Zhaoxi Zhang ◽  
Prince Michael Amegbor ◽  
Clive Eric Sabel
Keyword(s):  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Outdoor Environment ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Multiple Sensors ◽  
Environment And Health ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The City

The ever-growing development of sensor technology brings new opportunities to investigate impacts of the outdoor environment on human health at the individual level. However, there is limited literature on the use of multiple personalized sensors in urban environments. This review paper focuses on examining how multiple personalized sensors have been integrated to enhance the monitoring of co-exposures and health effects in the city. Following PRISMA guidelines, two reviewers screened 4898 studies from Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, Embase, and PubMed databases published from January 2010 to April 2021. In this case, 39 articles met the eligibility criteria. The review begins by examining the characteristics of the reviewed papers to assess the current situation of integrating multiple sensors for health and environment monitoring. Two main challenges were identified from the quality assessment: choosing sensors and integrating data. Lastly, we propose a checklist with feasible measures to improve the integration of multiple sensors for future studies.

Electronic Collaboration Toward Social Health Outcomes

2009 ◽  
pp. 706-720
Author(s):  
Rakesh Biswas ◽  
Jayanthy Maniam ◽  
Edwin Wen Huo Lee ◽  
Shashikiran Umakanth ◽  
Premalatha Gopal Das
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Collaborative Process ◽  
Operational Model ◽  
Collaborative Project ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Care Giving ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Electronic Collaboration ◽  
The Individual

This is an illustrative process description of a collaborative project utilizing a multidisciplinary approach. The requirement for collaboration originated in an attempt to optimally answer the needs of individual patients and health professionals for information to allow them to achieve better health outcomes. This chapter introduces the problem statement through the auto-ethnographic reflections of three project developers. These reflections illustrate individual experiential agendas that initiated electronic collaboration among diverse stakeholders in the health care network. Each reflection also illustrates the sequence of events in a collaborative process beginning at the individual level and growing through the interaction of multiple individuals including patients, their relatives, health professionals, and other actors in the care giving network. This chapter describes how collaboration was sustained and further developed into an operational model.

Customer Engagement and its Outcomes: The Cross-Level Effect of Service Environment and Brand Equity

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juanjuan Ou ◽  
IpKin Anthony Wong ◽  
Catherine Prentice ◽  
Matthew Tingchi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Brand Equity ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Customer Engagement ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Service Environment ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
A Chain ◽  
The Individual

This research seeks to address a void in the literature by exploring both individual and organizational attributes that associate with customer engagement. At the individual level, it builds a chain of relationship leading from customer engagement to attitudinal and behavioral loyalties through impulsive behaviors; and at the organizational level, it purports a cross-level influence from the service environment and brand equity on this relationship chain. Drawing on two independent surveys, results reveal that the service environment emanates direct and moderating effects on customer engagement, while brand equity exerts moderating effects only on certain loyalty attributes. The proposed model thus offers new insights into how research could synthesize both individual and organizational factors, thus enabling better understanding of the role of customer engagement.

Electronic Collaboration Toward Social Health Outcomes

2011 ◽  
pp. 710-724
Author(s):  
Rakesh Biswas ◽  
Jayanthy Maniam ◽  
Edwin Wen Huo Lee ◽  
Shashikiran Umakanth ◽  
Premalatha Gopal Das
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Collaborative Process ◽  
Operational Model ◽  
Collaborative Project ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Care Giving ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Electronic Collaboration ◽  
The Individual

This is an illustrative process description of a collaborative project utilizing a multidisciplinary approach. The requirement for collaboration originated in an attempt to optimally answer the needs of individual patients and health professionals for information to allow them to achieve better health outcomes. This chapter introduces the problem statement through the auto-ethnographic reflections of three project developers. These reflections illustrate individual experiential agendas that initiated electronic collaboration among diverse stakeholders in the health care network. Each reflection also illustrates the sequence of events in a collaborative process beginning at the individual level and growing through the interaction of multiple individuals including patients, their relatives, health professionals, and other actors in the care giving network. This chapter describes how collaboration was sustained and further developed into an operational model.

IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PENGARUSUTAMAAN GENDER (PUG) DIBIDANG PENDIDIKAN DI KOTA BOGOR

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Ana Sabhana Azmy ◽  
Fini Pertiwi
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Secondary Education ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Gender Mainstreaming ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Work Units ◽  
Communication And Coordination ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The City

Gender Mainstreaming (PUG) is important to be implemented in a policy. This study aims to determine the implementation and obstacles of the Bogor mayor's regulations regarding PUG in secondary education in the city of Bogor. This is a qualitative research with case studies. Data collected by interviewing four person in education, excutive, and legislative background. Others data collected by literatur review from books and journals. The results show that the implementation of Bogor mayor's regulation No.42 of 2017 concerning General Guidelines for the Implementation of PUG in secondary education in the city of Bogor has not been maximal. The communication patterns, resources and dispositions or attitudes of the officials are not optimal to solve a gender biased as the problems. The obstacles in implementing the PUG program are; 1) PUG has only become a concern at the individual level or several work units and has not been comprehensive, 2) There are limited human resources in PUG implementing agencies in the education sector, as well as a lack of understanding of a gender- fair perspective, and 3) Communication and coordination aspects between teams are still lacking, and the absence of socialization for additional knowledge.  Pengarusutamaan Gender (PUG) penting untuk diterapkan dalam sebuah kebijakan, khusus dilingkungan pendidikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi serta hambatan dari peraturan walikota Bogor terkait PUG pada lingkup pendidikan menengah di kota Bogor. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan studi kasus. Data penelitian dikumpulkan dengan mewawancarai empat informan dibidang pendidikan, eksekutif, dan legislatif. Data lain diperoleh dari studi literatur, baik buku ataupun jurnal dan dokumen pendukung lainnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi peraturan walikota Bogor No.42 tahun 2017 tentang Pedoman Umum Pelaksanaan PUG pada pendidikan menengah di kota Bogor belum maksimal. Pola komunikasi, sumber daya dan disposisi atau sikap aparat belum maksimal dan bertanggung jawab terhadap kebutuhan dan masalah pemahaman yang bias gender. Hambatan dalam implementasi program PUG dibidang Pendidikan tersebut adalah; 1) PUG baru menjadi kepedulian ditingkat individu atau beberapa unit kerja dan belum menyeluruh, 2) Adanya keterbatasan SDM di instansi penyelenggara PUG bidang pendidikan, serta kurangnya pemahaman akan perspektif adil gender, dan 3) Aspek komunikasi dan koordinasi antar tim masih kurang, serta ketiadaan sosialisasi untuk penambahan pengetahuan.

Situation of Migration and Potential Available to Reverse the Brain Drain — Case from Pakistan

2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahana Kaukab
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Brain Drain ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
National Development ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Brain

Like a typical developing country, Pakistan has been facing the challenge of losing its human resources to the more prosperous and developed countries. A sizable number of the of country's highly qualified and experienced professionals immigrate to the so-called Western and Middle Eastern regions for a wide variety of reasons. At best, this phenomenon generates some financial resources in the form of remittances sent by these overseas Pakistanis. But at worst, it constantly impoverishes the various types of enterprises, services and sectors that develop and invest in these professionals in the form of subsidized training/education at different levels. Brain drain is also governed by a multitude of influences generated locally as well as globally. Comparative monetary benefits, quality of life, perceptions of better prospects for future generations, social freedom and liberal atmosphere are some parameters that are crucial in affecting the decision making at the individual level. Different stakeholders respond to brain drain in very different ways. The most peculiar is the official viewpoint, which favors the whole situation. The governments consider brain drain as an economically productive phenomenon. Remittances and direct transactions generated by the highly qualified human resources are taken as an achievement, instead of an impending predicament in the way of national development.

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