scholarly journals Two sides of the same coin? The persuasiveness of one-sided vs. two-sided narratives in the context of radicalization prevention

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-71
Author(s):  
Josephine B. Schmitt ◽  
Claus Caspari ◽  
Tim Wulf ◽  
Carola Bloch ◽  
Diana Rieger
Keyword(s):  
Attitude Change ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Ongoing Debate ◽  
Theoretical Contribution ◽  
Counter Narratives ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Controversial Topic ◽  
Changing Attitudes ◽  
Two Sides

Societal organizations aim at challenging online extremist messages by counterposing with different narratives such as alternative narratives (one-sided narrative) and counter-narratives (two-sided narratives). The current study examined which type of narrative is more efficient in changing attitudes accounting for narrative involvement and reactance regarding the narrative. We employed a 2(one-sided vs. two-sided narrative) × 2 (ease of identification vs. no ease of identification) between-subjects design (N = 405) using a controversial topic: the ongoing debate about how to deal with the number of refugees in Germany. We found an indirect effect of the narrative on attitude change. People who read the two-sided narrative showed less reactance. The smaller the reactance, the more they felt involved in the narrative, which, in turn led to more positive attitudes towards refugees. We discuss these findings regarding their theoretical contribution to create customized narratives challenging extremist messages.

Correlates of Change in Attitudes toward Mental Illness among Vocational Nursing Students

1981 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margo A. Napoletano
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Attitude Change ◽  
Student Nurses ◽  
Cognitive Components ◽  
Psychology Courses ◽  
Vocational Nursing Students ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
Attitudes Toward Mental Illness ◽  
Changing Attitudes

Those 16 students who had completed the two psychology courses (a) tended to complete the practicum and (b) reported being more influenced by experiential rather than cognitive components of the practicum. In view of the previously reported findings of favorable attitude change following a psychiatric practicum for the students who had completed the two psychology courses, over-all results presented in both reports (a) confirm previous studies which suggest the effectiveness of a psychiatric practicum in changing nursing students' attitudes toward mental illness and (b) empirically support Rabkin's 1977 statement that academic instruction seems maximally effective in combination with factors such as personal experience with mental patients, etc. (as reported by the student nurses) in changing attitudes toward mental illness.

scholarly journals Social Support Systems in the Treatment Programme of Haemophilia in new South Wales, Australia

1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bellamy
Keyword(s):  
Attitude Change ◽  
Community Education ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Educational Personnel ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Treatment Centre ◽  
Work Programme ◽  
Education And Development ◽  
Social Support Systems

A system of social supports for the person with haemophilia and his family is vital if he is to realize his personal capacities as a fully functioning member of his family group and in the community. Negative attitudes within the family, in health care personnel, in educational and occupational systems constitute barriers to the acceptance of the haemophiliac person as capable of becoming self-sufficient and economically self-supporting. The importance of education and development of positive attitudes in parents, health professionals, teachers and employers is paramounto. Therapeutic groups for parents, particularly mothers, for the adolescent boys, informative interviews with educational personnel directed towards attitude change are a vital part in the overall frame of treatment and rehabilitation. Techniques in family and community education have been an integral part of the social work programme of the Haemophilia Treatment Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia.

Communicating With Dying Patients and Their Families: Multimedia Training in End-of-Life Care

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 637-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phylliss M. Chappell ◽  
Jennifer Healy ◽  
Shuko Lee ◽  
Glen Medellin ◽  
Sandra Sanchez-Reilly
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Attitude Change ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Death And Dying ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Computer Application ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Dying Patients

Background: The need for end-of-life (EOL), high-impact education initiatives to prepare medical students to communicate with dying patients and their families and to cope with issues of death and dying, is well recognized. Methods: Third-year medical students (n = 224), during their ambulatory rotation, completed a multimedia EOL curriculum, which included pre-/posttests, an online case-based module, didactic presentation, and a tablet computer application designed to demonstrate the signs and symptoms seen in the last hours of life for families of dying patients. Pre- and posttests were compared using Pearson χ2 or Fisher exact test, and improvement was measured by weighted κ coefficient. Results: On preintervention surveys, the majority of students demonstrated positive attitudes toward the care of dying patients and their families. Despite this high pretest positive attitude, there was a statistically significant overall positive attitude change after the intervention. The lowest pretest positive attitudes and lowest posttest positive attitude shifts, although all statistically improved, involved addressing the thoughts and feelings of dying patients and in coping with their own emotional response. Conclusions: Medical students exposure to this multimedia EOL curriculum increases positive attitudes in caring for dying patients and their families.

scholarly journals Antidiscrimination Interventions, Political Ads on Transgender Rights, and Public Opinion: Results From Two Survey Experiments on Adults in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew R. Flores ◽  
Donald P. Haider-Markel ◽  
Daniel C. Lewis ◽  
Patrick R. Miller ◽  
Jami K. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Attitude Change ◽  
Perspective Taking ◽  
The United States ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Transgender People ◽  
Political Advertisements ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Survey Experiments ◽  
Political Ads

Political advertisements can shift attitudes and behaviors to become more exclusionary toward social out-groups. However, people who engage in an antidiscrimination exercise in the context of an experiment may respond differently to such ads. What interventions might foster inclusive attitudes in the presence of political communications about social policy issues like transgender rights? We examined two scalable antidiscrimination exercises commonly used in applied settings: describing a personal narrative of discrimination and perspective-taking. We then showed people political ads that are favorable or opposed to transgender rights to determine whether those interventions moderate how receptive people are to the messages. Relying on two demographically representative survey experiments of adults in the United States (study 1 N = 1,291; study 2 N = 1,587), we found that personal recollections of discriminatory experiences did not reduce exclusionary attitudes, but perspective-taking had some effects, particularly among those who fully complied with the exercise. However, both studies revealed potential backfire effects; recalling a discriminatory experience induced negative attitudes among a subset of the participants, and participants who refused to perspective-take when prompted also held more negative attitudes. Importantly, political ads favorable toward transgender rights consistently resulted in more positive attitudes toward transgender people. Future work needs to carefully examine heterogeneous responses and resistance to antidiscrimination interventions and examine what particular aspects of the political ads induced the attitude change.

Dance as Intergroup Communication

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachyl Pines ◽  
Howard Giles
Keyword(s):  
Attitude Change ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Group Membership ◽  
Gender And Sexuality ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Intergroup Communication ◽  
Classical Ballet ◽  
Dance Groups ◽  
Changing Attitudes ◽  
Consumer's Perception

Dance is a visual, socially organized form of communication. There are countless forms and styles of dance, each with its own criteria of excellence, with varying degrees of technical training ranging from classical ballet to krumping. This could, at times, lend itself to intergroup antagonism with the various genres of dance as subgroups. However, all types of dancers have the potential to identify with one another as sharing in the superordinate identity, dancer. Dance may be consumed as an artistic performance, or one can engage it as a participant—dancing as a professional, as a form of recreation, or as a form of self-expression. The processes of producing, consuming, and participating in dance as a spectator, choreographer, or performer are all intergroup phenomena. For example, a spectator of a performance learns something about the culture that produced this dance. With this there is potential for intergroup contact and vicarious observation with dancers and the various audiences. This can be powerful for changing attitudes and conceptions of different dance groups. The attitude change may occur as people are exposed to a culture presented as art instead of exposure to information via factual accounts such as textbooks or museums. Also, a spectator or consumer’s perception of the performance is informed by group membership. For example, some religious groups discourage dance because they believe it is a sin or evil. These groups, if exposed to a dance performance, will experience it much differently than members of other groups that encourage dancing and actively seek its viewing. In sum, dance is a vehicle through which group membership and social identity can be expressed. As dancers perform they can, for instance, express gender and sexuality. As choreographers direct movements, they express their conceptions of gender through the dancers. And as spectators view the performance, they are shown something about gender expression. When it is used as a form of protest, as a cultural expression, or as a form of social innovation, dance can express social group membership.

Factors Affecting the Impact of Tourism on Attitude Change

2021 ◽  
pp. 238-254
Author(s):  
Sedat Çelik
Keyword(s):  
Attitude Change ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Purposeful Sampling ◽  
Changing Attitudes ◽  
The Impact

Tourism plays a vital role in getting to know and understand each other. In this regard, the main purpose of this research chapter is to understand the relationship between tourism and attitude change and the factors affecting this relationship. Firstly, the role of tourism in changing attitudes is discussed within the framework of Allport's Contact Hypothesis, and then qualitative research results are given. The phenomenology research design was used in the research, and the interview method was preferred in obtaining data. Six open-ended questions were asked to 12 tourists, who came to Şırnak, determined by the purposeful sampling method, with a semi-structured interview form. The answers given by the participants were determined by the descriptive analysis method. The research reveals that tourism is critical in eliminating problems between societies, opening social communication channels, reducing prejudices, and making existing attitudes more positive.

The Path to Gay Rights

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremiah J. Garretson
Keyword(s):  
Attitude Change ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Gay Rights ◽  
The United States ◽  
Science Methods ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Entertainment Media ◽  
Lesbian And Gay ◽  
Mass Opinion ◽  
Changing Attitudes

Why Tolerance Triumphed is the first accessible, data-driven account of how the LGBTQ movement achieved its most unexpected victory---the liberalization of mass opinion on gay rights. The current academic understanding of how social movements change mass opinion---through sympathetic media coverage and endorsements from political leaders---cannot provide an adequate explanation for the phenomenal success of the LGBTQ movement at changing the public’s views. The book argues that these factors were not the direct cause of changing attitudes, but contributed indirectly by signalling to other LGBTQ people across the United States that their lives were valued. The net result was a huge increase in the number of LGBTQ people who ‘came out’ and lived their lives openly. Building on recent breakthroughs in social and political psychology, the study introduces the theory of Affective Liberalization. This theory states that meeting and interacting with lesbians and gays in person---or by watching lesbian and gay characters via entertainment media---leads to more durable attitude change by subtly warming peoples’ subconscious reactions to lesbians and gays. Using expansive date-sets and cutting edge social science methods, the book finds that increased exposure to LGBTQ people, triggered by ACT-UP’s activism, provides a singular, compelling and complete explanation for the success of the LGBTQ movement in changing mass opinion.

Measuring positive attitudes toward persons with dementia: A validation of the Allophilia scale

Dementia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1045-1060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M Kinney ◽  
Takashi Yamashita ◽  
J Scott Brown
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Multigroup Analysis ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Valid Assessment ◽  
Changing Attitudes

Efforts to combat ageism typically focus on negative attitudes toward members of an out-group. Changing attitudes also requires assessment and enhancement of positive attitudes. This study examined the psychometric properties of Allophilia scale when used to measure college students' positive attitudes toward persons with dementia. Data collected from 465 students were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and multigroup analysis by gender to assess the validity and reliability of the Allophilia scale. Results showed that the Allophilia scale is valid both for male and female students. The Allophilia scale is a valid assessment tool for measuring positive attitudes toward persons with dementia. Use of this scale will contribute to our understanding of attitudes toward persons with dementia and has implications for the design of interventions to facilitate positive attitudes toward members of this out-group.

The Effects of Drug Education Programs on Attitude Change

1975 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward H. Brown ◽  
Andrew L. Klein
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Attitude Change ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Drug Education ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Group A ◽  
Changing Attitudes ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of drug education programs as a means of changing attitudes. Four major United States cities served as the experimental group. A completely randomized 2 × 4 factorial design was used to test the hypothesis. No significance was found at the .05 level indicating that presently drug education programs are not significantly effective in changing attitudes toward drug abuse. This was true for all four cities studied despite the light variations in their programs (cities x programs interaction, F = .02, 3, 8 df). Due to a lack of available data it was impossible to have a control group. It was concluded that future research is needed to determine if drug education programs are an effective means of changing attitudes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document