Optimization of Delignification and Enzyme Hydrolysis of Steam Exploded Oil Palm Trunk for Ethanol Production by Response Surface Methodology

NaOH/urea (NU) pretreatment at lower than 0 °C has been frequently applied for improving bio-conversion of lignocellulose, but the wastewater generated from the pretreatment process is hard to dispose. KOH/urea (KU) pretreatment for enhancing bioconversion of lignocellulose has recently attracted researchers’ attention due to the recycling of wastewater for facilitating crops’ growth. This study compared the effects of NU and KU pretreatments at cold conditions on the enzymatic hydrolysis and bioethanol yield from wheat straw (WS). By using response surface methodology an optimal pretreatment with an equal ratio of alkali/urea (4% w/v) at −20 °C for 3 h was established. The enzymatic hydrolysis of KU-treated WS was 81.17%, which was similar to that of NU-treated WS (83.72%) under the same condition. It means that KU pretreatment has equal ability to NU pretreatment to improve enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulose. KU pretreatment has the promising potential to replace NU pretreatment for facilitating bioconversion of lignocellulose in cold conditions due to the clean way to recycle its wastewater as fertilizer for crop growth. Hence, KU pretreatment combined with enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation could be a promising green way to cellulosic ethanol production with zero waste emission.

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Enhancing the Decolorization of Methylene Blue Using a Low-Cost Super-Absorbent Aided by Response Surface Methodology

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26154430 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (15) ◽

pp. 4430

Author(s):

Nor Hakimin Abdullah ◽

Mazlan Mohamed ◽

Norshahidatul Akmar Mohd Shohaimi ◽

Azwan Mat Lazim ◽

Ahmad Zamani Abdul Halim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Methylene Blue ◽

Response Surface Methodology ◽

Activated Carbon ◽

Response Surface ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Contact Time ◽

Low Cost ◽

Aqueous Media ◽

Adsorbent Dosage ◽

Oil Palm Trunk

The presence of organic dyes from industrial wastewater can cause pollution and exacerbate environmental problems; therefore, in the present work, activated carbon was synthesized from locally available oil palm trunk (OPT) biomass as a low-cost adsorbent to remove synthetic dye from aqueous media. The physical properties of the synthesized oil palm trunk activated carbon (OPTAC) were analyzed by SEM, FTIR-ATR, and XRD. The concurrent effects of the process variables (adsorbent dosage (g), methylene blue (MB) concentration (mg/L), and contact time (h)) on the MB removal percentage from aqueous solution were studied using a three-factor three-level Box–Behnken design (BBD) of response surface methodology (RSM), followed by the optimization of MB adsorption using OPTAC as the adsorbent. Based on the results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) for the three parameters considered, adsorbent dosage (X1) is the most crucial parameter, with an F-value of 1857.43, followed by MB concentration (X2) and contact time (X3) with the F-values of 95.60 and 29.48, respectively. Furthermore, the highest MB removal efficiency of 97.9% was achieved at the optimum X1, X2, and X3 of 1.5 g, 200 mg/L, and 2 h, respectively.

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Optimization Studies on Acid Hydrolysis of Pretreated Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch for Production of Xylose by Application of Response Surface Methodology

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.699.77 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 699 ◽

pp. 77-82 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

S. Duangwang ◽

C. Sangwichien

Keyword(s):

Response Surface Methodology ◽

Reaction Time ◽

Acid Hydrolysis ◽

Response Surface ◽

Reaction Temperature ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Temperature Reaction ◽

Empty Fruit Bunch ◽

H2so4 Concentration ◽

Hydrolysis Of

Oil palm empty fruit bunch is a lignocellulosic material from palm oil plantations. It is a potential source of xylose which can be used as a raw material for production of xylitol. Using of lignocellulosic waste for bioconversion to fuels and chemicals is justifiable as these materials are low cost, renewable and widespread sources of sugars. The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of H2SO4 concentration, reaction temperature and reaction time for acid hydrolysis of pretreated OPEFB, pretreated OPEFB with reaction temperature, reaction time and NaOH concentration were 130 °C, 40 min and 15% (w/v), respectively to achieve high xylose yield. Batch reactions were carried out under various reaction temperature, reaction time and H2SO4 concentration. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was followed to optimize acid hydrolysis in order to obtain high yield of xylose. The optimum reaction temperature, reaction time and H2SO4 concentration were found to be 140 °C, 90 min and 7% (w/v), respectively. The maximum value of xylose was obtained 56.39 g/l by using the above condition. The best result of xylose yield obtained was 126%.

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Optimization of bioresource material from oil palm trunk core drying using microwave radiation; a response surface methodology application

Bioresource Technology ◽

10.1016/j.biortech.2010.05.061 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 101 (21) ◽

pp. 8396-8401 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Parisa Amouzgar ◽

H.P.S. Abdul Khalil ◽

Babak Salamatinia ◽

Ahmad Zuhairi Abdullah ◽

A.M. Issam

Keyword(s):

Response Surface Methodology ◽

Response Surface ◽

Microwave Radiation ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Oil Palm Trunk

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ENZYMATIC SACCHARIFICATION ON AMMONIA PRE-TREATED OIL PALM TRUNK BIOMASS FOR GLUCOSE PRODUCTION: AN OPTIMIZATION USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY

Malaysian Journal of Analytical Science ◽

10.17576/mjas-2016-2001-03 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 21-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Long Wee Lai ◽

Siti Sarenah Mohd Yahya ◽

Norakma Mohd Nor ◽

Moohamad Ropaning Sulong

Keyword(s):

Response Surface Methodology ◽

Response Surface ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Enzymatic Saccharification ◽

Glucose Production ◽

Oil Palm Trunk

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RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY APPLIED TO OXALIC ACID HYDROLYSIS OF OIL PALM EMPTY FRUIT BUNCH BIOMASS FOR D-XYLOSE PRODUCTION

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics ◽

10.22159/ijap.2020.v12s1.ff037 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 172-176

Author(s):

HERMAN SURYAD ◽

ARRY YANUAR ◽

HARMITA ◽

PUTRI WINNY RACHMADANI

Keyword(s):

Response Surface Methodology ◽

Reaction Time ◽

Oxalic Acid ◽

Response Surface ◽

Constant Temperature ◽

Acid Concentration ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Empty Fruit Bunch ◽

Hydrolysis Of ◽

Oxalic Acid Concentration

Objective: The study aimed to identify the best conditions using oxalic acid for hydrolysis of hemicellulose in oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB)biomass.Methods: The analytical method of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was using a SUPELCOSIL LC-NH2 column, refractive indexdetection detector, and three compositions of the mobile phase. At first, the hydrolysis of hemicellulose in OPEFB powder was optimized by applyinga response surface methodology. A three-variable, six-central composite design was used for the experiments. Temperature (between 95°C and135°C), reaction time (between 10 and 110 min), and oxalic acid concentration (between 1% and 7% [w/v]) were evaluated by running 15 differentexperiments at constant biomass concentrations. Then, hydrolysis was optimized again at the constant temperature selected with three variables:OPEFB concentration, reaction time, and oxalic acid concentration. Hydrolysate samples were detoxified with carbon active, and furfural compoundwas analyzed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector.Results: The optimum condition of HPLC was using acetonitrile: water (9:1) at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The first hydrolysis results showeda high yield of D-xylose produced, which was 6.40 g D-xylose/100 g OPEFB biomass, with a xylose recovery of 93.8%. However, this result wasnot yet optimum. Further hydrolysis at constant temperature experiment produced the highest xylose yield of 13.13%, equivalent to 32 g/lD-xylose.Conclusion: The yield of D-xylose from mild hydrolysis using oxalic acid was similar to that using dilute sulfuric acid as used in the previous studyby Rahman et al.

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Enzyme-assisted Extraction for Optimized Recovery of Phenolic Bioactives from Peganum hermala Leaves Using Response Surface Methodology

Current Topics in Nutraceutical Research ◽

10.37290/ctnr2641-452x.17:349-354 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 349-354

Author(s):

Qadir Rahman ◽

Anwar Farooq ◽

Amjad Gilani Mazhar ◽

Nadeem Yaqoob Muhammad ◽

Ahmad Mukhtar

Keyword(s):

Response Surface Methodology ◽

Response Surface ◽

Enzyme Concentration ◽

Coumaric Acid ◽

Assisted Extraction ◽

Pre Treatment ◽

Optimized Conditions ◽

Enzyme Complexes ◽

Hydrolysis Of ◽

Central Composite

This study investigates the effect of enzyme formulations (Zympex-014, Kemzyme dry-plus and Natuzyme) on recovery of phenolics from Peganum hermala (harmal) leaves, under optimized conditions using response surface methodology. As compared to the other enzyme complexes, the yield (34 g/100g) obtained through Zympex-014-assisted extraction was higher under optimized conditions such as time (75 min), temperature (70°C), pH (6.5) and enzyme concentration (5 g/100 g) using central composite design (CCD). Effectiveness of Zympex-014 towards hydrolysis of P. hermala leaves cell wall was examined by analyzing the control and enzyme-treated leave residues using scanning electron microscope (SEM). GC/MS characterization authenticated the presence of quercetin (1.44), gallic acid (0.23), caffeic acid (0.04), cinnamic acid (0.05), m-coumaric acid (0.23) and p-coumaric acid (0.37 μg/g) as the potent phenolics in Zympex-014 based extract. It can be concluded from the findings of the current work that pre-treatment of P. hermala leaves with Zympex-014 significantly enhanced the recovery of phenolics that supports its potential uses in the nutra-pharamaceutical industry.

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