Suitability of Fruits and Vegetables for Provision of Daily Requirement of Dietary Fiber Targets

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwafunmilayo Dorcas Adegbaju ◽  
Gloria Aderonke Otunola ◽  
Anthony Jide Afolayan

The risk factors associated with low dietary fiber intake and the synergy with its role in colon prebiotic activity has stimulated a re-awakening in the scientific research. Dietary fiber intake has reduced all over the world, and so it has been labelled as a major shortfall nutrient of important in public health. Changes in lifestyle and improved standard of living have affected the diet of consumers in so many ways. Observation of these facts have spurred a special interest in the search for functional foods that contains essential nutrients like dietary fiber whose nutritional value improves the health of the consumer, enhances their physical and mental state and prevent lifestyle diseases. Fruits and vegetables are a modest source of total dietary fiber with nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals, including polyphenols, which provide support for their biological plausibility and enhance their health benefits. This chapter therefore reviews existing literature on the utilization of fruits and vegetables as rich sources of fiber; their fiber concentration, their appropriateness in meeting the adequate fiber intake for daily consumption and their overlapping roles as a fiber source and as nutraceuticals.

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Ming MAI ◽  
Roger Kai-Cheong NGAN ◽  
Dora Lai-Wan KWONG ◽  
Wai-Tong NG ◽  
Kam-Tong Yuen ◽  
...  

Abstract Background The role of dietary fiber intake on risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains unclear. We examined the associations of dietary fiber intake on the risk of NPC adjusting for a comprehensive list of potential confounders. Methods Using data from a multicenter case-control study, we included 815 histologically confirmed NPC incident cases and 1502 controls in Hong Kong, China recruited in 2014–2017. Odds ratios (ORs) of NPC (cases vs controls) for dietary fiber intake from different sources at different life periods (age 13–18, age 19–30, and 10 years before recruitment) were evaluated using unconditional logistic regression, adjusting for sex, age, socioeconomic status, smoking and drinking status, occupational hazards, family history of cancer, salted fish, and total energy intake in Model 1, Epstein-Barr virus viral capsid antigen serological status in Model 2, and duration of sun exposure and circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D in Model 3. Results Higher intake of total dietary fiber 10 years before recruitment was significantly associated with decreased NPC risk, with demonstrable dose-response relationship (P-values for trend = 0.001, 0.020 and 0.024 in Models 1–3, respectively). The adjusted ORs (95% CI) in the highest versus the lowest quartile were 0.51 (0.38–0.69) in Model 1, 0.48 (0.33–0.69) in Model 2, and 0.48 (0.33–0.70) in Model 3. However, the association was less clear after adjustment of other potential confounders (e.g. EBV) in the two younger periods (age of 13–18 and 19–30 years). Risks of NPC were significantly lower for dietary fiber intake from fresh vegetables and fruits and soybean products over all three periods, with dose-response relationships observed in all Models (P-values for trend for age 13–18, age 19–30 and 10 years before recruitment were, respectively, 0.002, 0.009 and 0.001 for Model1; 0.020, 0.031 and 0.003 for Model 2; and 0.022, 0.037 and 0.004 for Model 3). No clear association of NPC risk with dietary fiber intake from preserved vegetables, fruits and condiments was observed. Conclusion Our study has shown the protective role of dietary fiber from fresh food items in NPC risk, but no association for total dietary fiber intake was observed, probably because total intake also included intake of preserved food. Further studies with detailed dietary information and in prospective settings are needed to confirm this finding, and to explore the possible underlying biological mechanisms.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Shunming Zhang ◽  
Ge Meng ◽  
Qing Zhang ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
Zhanxin Yao ◽  
...  

Abstract High dietary fiber intake has been associated with a lower risk of diabetes, but the association of dietary fiber with prediabetes is only speculative, especially in China, where the supportive data from prospective studies is lacking. This study aimed to examine the association between dietary fiber intake and risk of incident prediabetes among Chinese adults. We performed a prospective analysis in 18,085 participants of the TCLSIH cohort study who were free of diabetes, prediabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease at baseline. Dietary data were collected using a validated 100-item food frequency questionnaire. Prediabetes was defined based on the American Diabetes Association diagnostic criteria. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). During 63,175 person-years of follow-up, 4,139 cases of incident prediabetes occurred. The multivariable HRs (95% CIs) of prediabetes for the highest versus lowest quartiles were 0.85 (0.75, 0.98) (P for trend =0.02) for total dietary fiber, 0.84 (0.74, 0.95) (P for trend <0.01) for soluble fiber, and 1.05 (0.93, 1.19) (P for trend =0.38) for insoluble fiber. Fiber from fruits, but not from cereals, beans, and vegetables was inversely associated with prediabetes. Our results indicate that intakes of total dietary fiber, soluble fiber, and fiber derived from fruit sources were associated with a lower risk of prediabetes.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faezeh Saghafian ◽  
Nafiseh Sharif ◽  
Parvane Saneei ◽  
Ammar Hassanzadeh Keshteli ◽  
Mohammad Javad Hosseinzadeh-Attar ◽  
...  

Background: Previous observational studies suggested a relationship between dietary fiber consumption and mental health, but the findings were conflicting. We evaluated the link between dietary fiber intake and prevalence of depression, anxiety, and psychological distress among a large population of Iranian adults.Methods: A cross-sectional study among 3,362 Iranian adults working in 50 health centers was done. Data of dietary intakes were collected through a validated semiquantitative dish-based 106-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Anxiety, depression, and psychological distress were defined based on the Iranian validated version of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ).Results: After adjustment for potential confounders, participants in the top quartile of total dietary fiber intake had a 33% and 29% lower risk of anxiety and high psychological distress [odds ratio (OR): 0.67; 95% CI: 0.48, 0.95 and OR: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.53, 0.94, respectively] compared to the bottom quartile of intake. The highest total dietary fiber intake was also inversely related to a lower risk of depression in women (OR: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.45, 0.88) but not in men. Among overweight or obese participants, higher intake of dietary fiber was related to a decreased risk of high psychological distress (OR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.34, 0.79). A high level of dietary fiber intake was related to a lower risk of anxiety in normal-weight individuals (OR: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.31, 0.80).Conclusion: Significant inverse associations between total dietary fiber intake with anxiety and high psychological distress were found in Iranian adults. More consumption of dietary fiber was also related to reduced odds of depression in women. More investigations with prospective nature are needed to affirm these findings.


2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 448-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Christopher Senia ◽  
Senarath Dharmasena ◽  
Oral Capps

Consumers in the United States fall short of meeting the recommended guideline for dietary fiber intake. Using a quarterly panel of households from Nielsen for the years 2004 through 2014, we employ a Heckman two-step approach to estimate nine panel regressions concerning per person fiber intakes derived from various food categories to uncover the importance of prices as well as socioeconomic and demographic factors. Prices play a prominent role in the per person intake of dietary fiber derived from the respective food products considered. Households below poverty thresholds had lower intakes of fiber relative to households above poverty thresholds. Ethnicity, race, age of the household head, region, and the presence of children also had significant effects on dietary fiber derived from the respective food categories. A proposed 20 percent subsidy applied to fruits and vegetables would increase per person intake of fiber by 9.4 percent. Therefore, if one were to consider meeting the dietary fiber requirement only through the provision of a subsidy, a large subsidy applied to fruits and vegetables would be required. Therefore, given the complex nature of the various factors affecting the intake of dietary fiber, the feasibility of using subsidies alone to increase the intake of dietary fiber is called into question.


2000 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 929-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judlyn Fernandes ◽  
Thomas MS Wolever ◽  
A Venketeshwer Rao

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 759-759
Author(s):  
Holly Hull ◽  
Amy Herman ◽  
Lauren Hand ◽  
Susan Carlson

Abstract Objectives Greater maternal fructose intake is linked to greater offspring fat accrual, while dietary fiber intake is related to lower weight gain and a more favorable adipose tissue distribution. However, data are lacking investigating these relationships in the especially critical time of pregnancy and early infancy. We explored the relationships between maternal fructose and fiber intake on early offspring adipose tissue accrual. Methods This is a secondary analysis using data from a prenatal DHA supplementation trial (ADORE HD083292). At enrollment (12–16 wks), women completed the DHQ II food frequency questionnaire. ADORE mothers were invited to enroll in the GAINS infant follow up study (DK118220). Infant skinfolds were assessed two weeks and six months at three central sites (suprailiac, subscapular, flank) and three peripheral sites (biceps, triceps, thigh). Median splits were calculated for maternal fructose and total dietary fiber intake (&lt; 50th percentile, ≥50th percentile). An ANCOVA assessed the main effects of maternal fructose and fiber intake on infant fat accrual (central and peripheral). Results Data were available on n = 61 infants. For the change in infant central FM, a significant interaction (p = 0.034) was found between maternal fructose intake and dietary fiber intake. No effect of fiber was found in offspring exposed to low fructose intake. However, in offspring exposed to high fructose intake during pregnancy, exposure to high maternal dietary fiber intake was related to lower central FM accrual (high fiber intake: 4.2 mm vs. low fiber intake 6.9 mm; p = 0.016). No significant main effects or interaction was detected for the change in peripheral FM. Conclusions In offspring exposed to greater maternal fructose consumption during pregnancy, greater maternal intake of dietary fiber was related to lower early offspring central fat accretion. Interventions targeting to decrease maternal fructose consumption and increase maternal dietary fiber intake may positively impact offspring fat accretion. Funding Sources NIH Awards R01 HD083292 and R01 DK118220.


2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 43-53
Author(s):  
Dongmei Yu ◽  
Liyun Zhao ◽  
Wenhua Zhao

Abstract The objectives of this review were to investigate the status and characteristics of national grain consumption and dietary fiber intake among Chinese adults (aged ≥20 years) and to examine trends in consumption from 1982 to 2015. Data from 5 national surveys that collected dietary information using a household food weighing method and 24-hour dietary recall over 3 consecutive days were analyzed. In 2015, mean grain consumption was 281.1 g/per capita/d (rice 145.6 g, wheat flour 120.7 g, other grains 14.8 g). Total dietary fiber intake was 9.7 g/per capita/d, of which 3.8 g/per capita/d came from grains and accounted for nearly 40% of total dietary fiber intake for adults. The other major sources of dietary fiber were vegetables and fruits. The data indicates consumption of grains and dietary fiber in the Chinese population has been continuously declining since 1982 and the consumption of refined grains has increased. In order for the Chinese population to meet dietary recommendations for whole grain and dietary fiber intake, increasing the availability of more appealing whole grain products and public education are recommended.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1061-1061
Author(s):  
Derek Miketinas ◽  
Wesley Tucker ◽  
Mindy Patterson ◽  
Crystal Douglas

Abstract Objectives The objective of this study was to quantify usual total dietary fiber intake in US adults and to examine whether intake differed by diabetes status (normoglycemic, prediabetic, diabetic). Methods Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles 2013 – 2018 were used to estimate US adults’ usual dietary fiber intake. Adults (&gt; 19y) who were not pregnant and provided at least 1 day of dietary intake were included for analysis. Diabetes status was determined using the diabetes section of the personal interview as well as participants’ hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Adults who reported that they had diabetes or had an HbA1c ≥6.5% were classified as having diabetes. Those who indicated they had prediabetes or had a HbA1c between 5.7%--6.4% were classified as having prediabetes. Those who indicated they never had diabetes or had an HbA1c &lt; 5.7% were classified as normoglycemic. Usual dietary intake was calculated using the National Cancer Institute method. Dietary intake of fiber supplements was not included in the analyses. Independent samples t-tests were used to compare mean intake across sub-populations. A P-value &lt; 0.01 was considered statistically significant. Results The eligible sample consisted of 14,640 adults (51.3% female) with 17.4% and 26.4% classified as having diabetes and prediabetes, respectively. Approximately 7.4% of US adults met the adequate intake (AI) for fiber: 14 g/1000 kcal. Females reported greater usual intake of total dietary fiber compared to males (9.9 ± 0.12 vs 8.7 ± 0.12 g/1000 kcal; P &lt; 0.0001). Adults with diabetes reported greater dietary fiber intake compared to those without diabetes for men (9.6 ± 0.20 vs 8.6 ± 0.12 g/1000 kcal; P &lt; 0.0001) and women (10.3 ± 0.21 vs 9.7 ± 0.14 g/1000 kcal; P &lt; 0.01). However, the proportion of adults who met the AI for fiber was low for all men (8.6% with diabetes vs 4.3% without diabetes; P &lt; 0.001) and women (11.5% with diabetes vs 8.0% without diabetes; P = 0.012). Conclusions Usual intake of total dietary fiber was poor overall, and most US adults failed to meet the AI. Although total dietary fiber intake varied across diabetes categories and was highest among participants with diabetes, intake was inadequate among all groups. Inadequate dietary fiber intake may result in increased risk for other chronic diseases in an already at-risk population. Funding Sources None.


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