scholarly journals Impact of Povidone-iodine Versus Chlorhexidine for Periurethral Cleaning Before Catheterization on Pyuria and Bacteriuria Among Emergency Department Patients

2022 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Movahedi ◽  
Somayeh Ghafari ◽  
Elham Vahabi ◽  
Somayeh Haghighat
Keyword(s):  
Povidone Iodine ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Emergency Department Patients ◽  
Hospital Wards ◽  
The Given ◽  
Triage Level

Background: We aimed to determine the effect of periurethral cleaning before catheterization using chlorhexidine and povidone-iodine on bacteriuria and pyuria. Methods: This study was a single-blind clinical trial on a sample selected by convenience sampling. Demographic and clinical questionnaires were completed, and patients were randomly divided into two groups) 36 patients each of povidone-iodine and chlorhexidine using Minimization Software based on confounding variables including age, consciousness level, triage level, nutritional status, and underlying disease. The periurethral areas were cleaned with the given antiseptics and catheterized using standard and sterile procedures. Then, specimens were taken for urinalysis and urine culture immediately, 72 hours, and five days after catheterization. Then, bacteriuria rate, pyuria rate, and the number of microorganisms were determined through examinations. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 19. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the bacteriuria rate between the two groups immediately (P = 0.76), 72 hours (P = 0.22), and five days (P = 0.50) after catheterization. The positive pyuria rate was not significantly different between the two groups immediately after catheterization. However, it was significantly higher in the povidone-iodine group 72 hours (P = 0.03) and five days (P = 0.004) after catheterization. The Mann-Whitney test compared the mean number of microorganisms between the two groups at different times. This test showed no significant difference in the number of microorganisms immediately (P = 0.93), 72 hours (P = 0.43), and five days (P = 0.61) after catheterization. Conclusions: Due to the lower side effects of chlorhexidine than povidone-iodine, it is suggested that similar studies be performed in other hospital wards with more stable patients to obtain more statistically significant results.

scholarly journals Comparison of fear, anxiety and self-efficacy of childbirth among primiparous and multiparous women

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aazam Shakarami ◽  
Mojgan Mirghafourvand ◽  
Somyieh Abdolalipour ◽  
Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi ◽  
Mina Iravani
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Fear Of Childbirth ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Multiparous Women ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Efficacy Expectancies ◽  
Primiparous Women

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to compare fear of childbirth, state and trait anxiety, and childbirth self-efficacy among primiparous and multiparous women in Ahvaz, southwest of Iran. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted with 200 pregnant women (100 primiparous and 100 multiparous women) who had been admitted to the maternity ward of hospitals affiliated to Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. The instruments used for data collection in this study included a demographic questionnaire, Delivery Fear Scale (DFS), Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and Childbirth Self-Efficacy Inventory (CBSEI). The data were analyzed by chi-square test and independent t-test. Also, the univariate general linear model was used by adjusting for the socio-demographic and obstetric characteristics that were considered as possible confounding variables. Results The mean score of DFS in primiparous women was significantly higher than that of multiparous women. The mean of the overall score of childbirth self-efficacy of primiparous women was significantly lower than that of multiparous women. The mean score of the outcome expectancies and self-efficacy expectancies was significantly lower in primiparous women compared with multiparous women. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of the mean score of STAI. After adjusting for possible confounding variables, the differences between the two groups in terms of fear of childbirth scores, overall childbirth self-efficacy score and self-efficacy expectancies remained significant. Conclusion Given the high fear of childbirth and low childbirth self-efficacy in primiparous women compared to the multiparous women, appropriate interventions should be adopted by health care providers in order to reduce fear and improve childbirth self-efficacy in primiparous women.

scholarly journals Counting crocodiles from the sky: monitoring the critically endangered gharial (Gavialis gangeticus) population with an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gokarna Jung Thapa ◽  
Kanchan Thapa ◽  
Ramesh Thapa ◽  
Shant Raj Jnawali ◽  
Serge A. Wich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Encounter Rate ◽  
High Resolution Data ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Gavialis Gangeticus ◽  
The Given

Technology is rapidly changing the methods used in the field of wildlife monitoring. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) are an example of a new technology that allows biologists to take to the air to monitor wildlife. A fixed-wing UAV was used to monitor the critically endangered gharial population along 46 km of the Babai River in Bardia National Park, Nepal. The UAV was flown at an altitude of 80 m along 12 pre-designed missions and, with a search effort of 2.72 h of flight time, acquired a total of 11 799 images covering an effective surface area of 8.2 km2 of riverbank habitat. The images taken from the UAV could differentiate between gharial and muggers. A total count of 33 gharials and 31 muggers with observed density (per square kilometre) of 4.64 and 4.0 for gharial and mugger, respectively. Comparison of count data between one-time UAV and multiple conventional visual encounter rate surveys’ data showed no significant difference in the mean. Basking season and turbidity were important factors for monitoring crocodiles along the riverbank habitat. Efficacy of monitoring crocodiles by UAV at the given altitude can be replicated in high-priority areas with lower operating cost and acquisition of high-resolution data.

scholarly journals Effect of lavender aromatherapy on well-being among hemodialysis patients: A randomized clinical trial

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoumeh Bagheri Nesami ◽  
Seyed Afshin Shorofi ◽  
Attieh Nikkhah ◽  
Hossein Roohi Moghaddam ◽  
Ali Mahdavi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

  In spite of the improvement of dialysis techniques, hemodialysis patients still experience debilitation. Impaired functioning, well-being, and quality of life are among the factors that are of a great concern in these patients. The current study aimed to examine the effects of lavender essential oil on well-being among hemodialysis patients. This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 30 hemodialysis patients. For each patient in the experimental group, five cotton balls were prepared using two drops of lavender essence diluted with sweet almond oil. Lavender was used at five concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%, administered through pinning the soaked cotton ball on the patients' collar on the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth weeks of the intervention, respectively. The patients were asked to breathe normally for 20 min. On the other hand, the control group received only routine nursing care. The perceived sense of well-being was measured in both groups at the end of each week using a visual analog scale. The mean ages of patients were obtained as 58.9 ± 14.31 and 53.03 ± 15.84 years for the experimental and control groups, respectively. Hypertension was reported to be the most common underlying disease in both groups. The results showed a significant difference in the mean level of well-being in the experimental group in the fourth and fifth weeks of the intervention, compared to that before the intervention. Inhalation aromatherapy with 40% and 50% lavender essence had a positive effect on the perceived sense of well-being in hemodialysis patients. However, lower concentrations of 10%, 20%, and 30% did not exert a comparable effect.

scholarly journals EDUKASI MELALUI PEER GRUP BERPENGARUH TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP TENTANG PERSONAL HYGIENE

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Eirene Rosalina Sibarani ◽  
Agung Riyadi ◽  
Widia Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Peer Group ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Group Education ◽  
Educational Methods ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Given

According to Riskesdas data in 2015, found most of the diseases that attack school-aged children are caused due to lack of personal hygiene. This is because the lack of knowledge of children will be personal hygiene. The purpose of this study to determine the effect of educational methods through peer group on knowledge and attitudes about personal hygiene. This type of research is pre experimental with one group pretest-posttest design. Samples taken amounted to 30 people using side porposive technique. Data analysis was done by T-Paired test. The results showed that the average knowledge before the intervention was 10.93 and after the education became 17.30. Average attitude before intervention 55, 20 and after intervention to 72,67. There was a significant increase between the mean knowledge before and after the given peer group education (P = 0,000 in α ≤ 5%.). There is a significant difference in attitude before and after education through peer group (P = 0,000 in α ≤ 5%.) In children in SD N 37 Kota Bengkulu Year 2017. It is suggested to sekolh teachers to use the peer group education method as a method of learning personal hygiene at school.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Study of Patients with COVID-19 in Iran (Markazi Province)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Kamali ◽  
Behnam Mahmoodieh ◽  
Mohammad Jamalian ◽  
Ahmad Amani ◽  
Alireza Jahangirifard
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Arterial Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

Background: The increasing prevalence of SARS-COV-2 infection necessitates further epidemiological studies in the field of this epidemic. Methods: during 66 days (20/02/2020 to 01/06/2020) all patients diagnosed with SARS-COV-2 infection referred to Valiasr Hospital in Arak were monitored. Thus, based on the pre-prepared questionnaire, the information of the mentioned patients was extracted from the Hospital Information System (HIS) by the required formats and after eliminating the incomplete cases, it was aggregated based on coding (to preserve the patients' information). The results were evaluated using spss. v25 software. Results: Out of 535 patients with SARS-COV-2 included in the study, 295 (55%) were male and 240 (45%) were female. Women with a mean age of 61.03 years were significantly (p = 0.009) at a higher age than men with a mean age of 56.59 years. Nearly 60% (304 patients) of patients had a history of underlying disease. Gender comparison of patients with a history of underlying disease infected with SARS-COV-2 infection did not show any significant difference between male and female patients. Comparison of the mean age of the improved and dead patients shows that the mean age of the dead patients with a significant difference (P <0.001) was higher than the improved subjects. This result is also true for people with a history of underlying disease (p<0.0001). The number of patients with arterial oxygen saturation <93% was significantly higher in the group of patients with a history of at least one chronic underlying disease than who did not have any chronic disease (P <0.0001). The mortality rate in ICU patients was significantly higher than those admitted to the normal ward (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: Aging, gender, underlying diseases and arterial oxygen saturation (<93%) at the time of admission have important role in the hospitalization rate, severity of the disease and mortality in patients with COVID-19.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Topical Sucralfate and Povidone Iodine Dressing in Diabetic Foot Ulcers in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Tirupati

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (34) ◽  
pp. 3200-3204
Author(s):  
Bathena Sobha Rani ◽  
Gandikota Venkata Prakash ◽  
Budamala Sarada ◽  
Bharath Kumar Desu ◽  
Yadhuf Krishnan
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Povidone Iodine ◽  
Foot Ulcers ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcers ◽  
Wound Area ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

BACKGROUND Diabetic patients have reduced ability to metabolize glucose resulting in elevated blood sugar levels which further burdens the wound healing process. This leads to non-healing chronic ulcers. The sufferers of chronic diabetic foot ulcers are increasing globally due to lack of preventive and control measures. Sucralfate has been demonstrated in molecular studies to enhance the granulation tissue proliferation and thus promoting ulcer healing in the skin. Various clinical studies have also showed the efficacy of sucralfate in complete healing of the wound and in reducing the size of the wound. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of topical sucralfate with that of povidone iodine dressing, in the healing of diabetic ulcers. METHODS This is a randomized comparative study. Among 100 patients, 50 patients received treatment in the form of povidone iodine dressings and 50 took treatment with sucralfate dressing. The patient underwent a detailed clinical examination. Relevant investigations were also done. The initial wound area was recorded after thorough debridement by measuring length x width. Both the groups underwent dressings once daily. The patients were followed up daily for a period of 3 weeks in both the groups. RESULTS In this study, the mean ± SD area of reduction of the ulcer was observed to be higher in sucralfate group 54.17 ± 10.08 than the povidone iodine group 16.07 ± 4.19. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups for the mean of area reduction (P < 0.0001, significant). CONCLUSIONS The ulcers in subjects treated with sucralfate dressing (S group) contracted more than the ulcers in the patients treated with povidone iodine (P group) (54.17 % Vs 16.07 %; P = < 0.0001, significant) which points out that sucralfate dressing is an effective modality in helping the reduction of wound area in patients with diabetic foot ulcers. KEYWORDS Diabetic, Sucralfate, Area of Reduction

Antiseptic Effect of Conventional Povidone–Iodine Scrub, Chlorhexidine Scrub, and Waterless Hand Rub in a Surgical Room: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jui-Chen Tsai ◽  
Yen-Kuang Lin ◽  
Yen-Jung Huang ◽  
El-Wui Loh ◽  
Hsiao-Yun Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Povidone Iodine ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Hand Antisepsis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Medical University

OBJECTIVEEffective perioperative hand antisepsis is crucial for the safety of patients and medical staff in surgical rooms. The antimicrobial effectiveness of different antiseptic methods, including conventional hand scrubs and waterless hand rubs, has not been well evaluated.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSA randomized controlled trial was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of the 3 antiseptic methods among surgical staff of Taipei Medical University—Shuang Ho Hospital. For each method used, a group of 80 participants was enrolled.INTERVENTIONSurgical hand cleansing with conventional 10% povidone–iodine scrub, conventional 4% chlorhexidine scrub, or waterless hand rub (1% chlorhexidine gluconate and 61% ethyl alcohol).RESULTSColony-forming unit (CFU) counts were collected using the hand imprinting method before and after disinfection and after surgery. After surgical hand disinfection, the mean CFU counts of the conventional chlorhexidine (0.5±0.2, P<0.01) and waterless hand rub groups (1.4±0.7, P<0.05) were significantly lower than that of the conventional povidone group (4.3±1.3). No significant difference was observed in the mean CFU count among the groups after surgery. Similar results were obtained when preexisting differences before disinfection were considered in the analysis of covariance. Furthermore, multivariate regression indicated that the antiseptic method (P=.0036), but not other variables, predicted the mean CFU count.CONCLUSIONSConventional chlorhexidine scrub and waterless hand rub were superior to a conventional povidone–iodine product in bacterial inhibition. We recommend using conventional chlorhexidine scrub as a standard method for perioperative hand antisepsis. Waterless hand rub may be used if the higher cost is affordable.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2017;38:417–422

Vowel Recognition Threshold as a Function of Temporal Segmentations

1970 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 715-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L. Powell ◽  
Oscar Tosi
Keyword(s):  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Recognition Threshold ◽  
Vowel Sound ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Vowel Recognition ◽  
Temporal Segment

Vowels were segmented into 15 different temporal segments taken from the middle of the vowel and ranging from 4 to 60 msecs, then presented to 6 subjects with normal hearing. The mean temporal-segment recognition threshold of 15 msecs with a range from 9.3 msecs for the /u/ to 27.2 milliseconds for the /a/. Misidenti-fication of vowels was most often confused with the vowel sound adjacent to it on the vowel-hump diagram. There was no significant difference between the cardinal and noncardinal vowels.

Left Ventricular Dysfunction and Blood Glycohemoglobin Levels in Young Diabetics

1991 ◽  
Vol 30 (05) ◽  
pp. 183-188
Author(s):  
A. Aydrner ◽  
A. Oto ◽  
E. Oram ◽  
O. Gedik ◽  
C. F. Bekdik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Left Ventricular Function ◽  
Ventricular Function ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Filling Fraction ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Left ventricular function including regional wall motion (RWM) was evaluated by 99mTc first-pass and equilibrium gated blood pool ventriculography and glycohemoglobin (HbA1c) blood levels determined by a quantitative column technique in 25 young patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus without clinical evidence of heart disease, and in healthy controls matched for age and sex. Phase analysis revealed abnormal RWM in 19 of 21 diabetic patients. The mean left ventricular global ejection fraction, the mean regional ejection fraction and the mean 1/3 filling fraction were lower and the time to peak ejection, the time to peak filling and the time to peak ejection /cardiac cycle were longer in diabetics than in controls. We found high HbA1c levels in all diabetics. There was no significant difference between patients with and without retinopathy and with and without peripheral neuropathy in terms of left ventricular function and HbA1c levels.

Detection of Circulating Tissue Factor and Factor VII in a Normal Population

1996 ◽  
Vol 75 (05) ◽  
pp. 772-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sybille Albrecht ◽  
Matthias Kotzsch ◽  
Gabriele Siegert ◽  
Thomas Luther ◽  
Heinz Großmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Factor ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Factor Vii ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
And Gender

SummaryThe plasma tissue factor (TF) concentration was correlated to factor VII concentration (FVIIag) and factor VII activity (FVIIc) in 498 healthy volunteers ranging in age from 17 to 64 years. Immunoassays using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were developed for the determination of TF and FVIIag in plasma. The mAbs and the test systems were characterized. The mean value of the TF concentration was 172 ± 135 pg/ml. TF showed no age- and gender-related differences. For the total population, FVIIc, determined by a clotting test, was 110 ± 15% and the factor VIlag was 0.77 ± 0.19 μg/ml. FVII activity was significantly increased with age, whereas the concentration demonstrated no correlation to age in this population. FVII concentration is highly correlated with the activity as measured by clotting assay using rabbit thromboplastin. The ratio between FVIIc and FVIIag was not age-dependent, but demonstrated a significant difference between men and women. Between TF and FVII we could not detect a correlation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document