Shelter and rescue programmes associated with higher live release and lower return rates for dogs

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-430
Author(s):  
LA Reese
Keyword(s):  
Financial Resources ◽  
Relative Impact ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Release Rates ◽  
Animal Shelters ◽  
Return Rates ◽  
The Us

Typically, animal shelters and rescues are judged on their live release rates. This research explores the relative impact that shelter traits and programmes have on positive outcomes for dogs. Using a survey of 370 animal shelters and rescues across the US, it concludes that eschewing the use of breed labels for all dogs that do not appear to be pure-bred, having a robust foster programme, and using a matching programme are correlated with higher live release and lower return rates. Resources are not wholly determinative of success — it is the programmes shelters and rescues implement, not simply their human and financial resources — that are associated with positive outcomes.

scholarly journals Peanut oral immunotherapy differentially suppresses clonally distinct subsets of T helper cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brinda Monian ◽  
Ang A Tu ◽  
Bert Ruiter ◽  
Duncan M Morgan ◽  
Patrick M Petrossian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Fate ◽  
T Helper Cells ◽  
Oral Immunotherapy ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Clonal Deletion ◽  
Gene Signatures ◽  
Helper Cells ◽  
The Us ◽  
Single Cell Rna Sequencing

Food allergy affects an estimated 8% of children in the US, with increasing severity and global prevalence. Oral immunotherapy (OIT) is a recently approved treatment with outcomes ranging from sustained tolerance to food allergen to no apparent benefit. The immunological underpinnings that influence clinical outcomes of OIT still remain largely unresolved. Using single cell RNA sequencing and paired TCRa/b sequencing, we assessed the transcriptomes of CD154+ and CD137+ peanut-reactive T helper cells from 12 peanut-allergic patients longitudinally throughout OIT. We observed expanded populations of cells expressing Th1, Th2, and Th17 signatures that further separated into six clonally distinct subsets, including a Tfh1-like, a Tfh2-like, a Th2A-like, and a Th2reg-like subset. Four of these subsets demonstrated convergence of TCR sequences, suggesting antigen-driven T cell fate. Although we observed suppression during OIT of Th2 and Th1 gene signatures within effector clonotypes, Tfh clonotypes were unaffected. We also did not observe significant clonal deletion or induction among the antigen reactive T cells characterized. Positive outcomes were associated with larger decrease of Th2 signatures in Th2A-like cells, while treatment failure was associated with high baseline inflammatory gene signatures that were unmodulated by OIT. These signatures, including expression of OX40, OX40L, STAT1, and GPR15, were most clearly present in Th1 and Th17 clonotypes, but were also more broadly detected across the CD154+ CD4 population. These results demonstrate that differential clinical response is associated both with pre-existing trait characteristics of the CD4 immune compartment and with susceptibility to modulation by OIT.

Filming Modernity in the Tropics: The Amazon, Walt Disney, and the Antecedents of Modernization Theory

2019 ◽  
pp. 193-207
Author(s):  
Barbara Weinstein
Keyword(s):  
Documentary Film ◽  
Indigenous Rights ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Modernization Theory ◽  
Human History ◽  
Modern Culture ◽  
Walt Disney ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Tropics

Through an analysis of the documentary film The Amazon Awakens (1944) this essay posits the use of the tenets of modernization theory in the film’s representation of the Amazon as a way to invent it as a region ripe for development as long as the necessary technological and financial resources become available. In contrast to earlier “civilizing missions” that characterized the heyday of colonialism and neo-colonialism when imperial powers emphasized the need to inculcate “backward” peoples with the rudiments of modern culture and civilization, The Amazon Awakens portrays a society poised to take immediate advantage of the technology and capital the US is eager to provide. To be sure, the Amazon had to be “awakened,” and had to throw off old habits and attitudes, but the film portrays the region’s inhabitants as predisposed to do precisely that. Finally, Weinstein focuses on the elements that the movie decides to include (local industry) and exclude (ecology and indigenous rights), to argue these decisions are systematic and serve to advance and enhance a narrative of Amazonian (natural and human) history that is coherent with the film’s modernization discourse.

The Tea Party Movement and the 2012 House Election

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (04) ◽  
pp. 799-805
Author(s):  
Andrew D. McNitt
Keyword(s):  
Tea Party ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Political Movement ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Tea Party Movement ◽  
Political Experience ◽  
Political Resources ◽  
The Us ◽  
House Election ◽  
Open Seat

ABSTRACTThis article examines Tea Party candidates for the US House of Representative in 2012. Tea Party and Tea Party–endorsed candidates are similar to other Republican candidates. Although they have served in the House for a shorter period, they have approximately the same financial resources, prior political experience, and reelection rate as other Republicans. Multivariate analysis finds that Tea Party membership and endorsement have no impact on electoral outcome when other political factors are controlled for (e.g., incumbency, running for an open seat, quality of opposing candidate, prior political experience, financial resources, and Obama’s vote). Consequently, the success of Tea Party candidates depends on acquiring the traditional political resources, having weak opponents, and running in favorably disposed constituencies rather than identification with this highly visible political movement.

scholarly journals 76. Effects of the “Undetectable = Untransmittable” (“U=U”) Educational Campaign on Treatment Outcomes and Perceptions among People Living with HIV in North American Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S49-S50
Author(s):  
Frank Spinelli ◽  
Bruce Richman ◽  
Patricia De Los Rios ◽  
Benjamin Young ◽  
Marvelous Muchenje ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
North American ◽  
Treatment Satisfaction ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
The Us ◽  
Educational Campaign ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Background The educational campaign “Undetectable = Untransmittable” (U=U) began in 2016 to improve the well-being of people living with HIV (PLHIV) and recalibrate HIV-related social norms. As medical practice can vary by region, we examined reports from PLHIV in North American countries to identify if the campaign affected healthcare provider (HCP) communication of U=U and if positive health outcomes differed by U=U-informed status or country. Methods Data were collected from the 2019 Positive Perspectives survey of PLHIV in Canada (n=120), Mexico (n=63), and the United States (US; n=400) and stratified by country. Outcomes were self-rated mental and sexual health (“Good”/”Very good”), viral suppression, and sharing of HIV status. Treatment perceptions were also assessed. Results Whether diagnosis occurred before or after the U=U campaign launch did not significantly affect the proportion of PLHIV who reported receipt of U=U from an HCP in any North American country. Whether an individual was informed of U=U varied significantly by sexual orientation (heterosexual, 62.8%; homosexual, 74.9%; other, 87.8%), sex (men, 64.7%; women, 89.8%; other, 100%), and metropolitan vs non-metropolitan residence (metropolitan, 78.2%; non-metropolitan, 65.2%) in the US (P< 0.01 for all) but not in Canada or Mexico. Prevalence of sharing of HIV status with ≥ 1 person besides an HCP varied among PLHIV (Canada, 87%; Mexico, 95%; US, 84%). Prevalence of other positive outcomes varied by country and whether PLHIV had been informed of U=U (Figure). Whether PLHIV were informed of U=U was also correlated with treatment satisfaction and the perception that treatment needs were being met among PLHIV in the US and Canada (P< 0.01 for all), and with the belief that treatment prevents transmission among PLHIV in the US (P=0.01). Figure. Prevalence of positive outcomes among PLHIV in Canada (n=120), Mexico (n=63), and the US (n=400). PLHIV, people living with HIV; US, United States; U=U, Undetectable = Untransmittable. *P<0.01 for U=U informed vs uninformed. Conclusion Being informed of U=U was associated with higher treatment satisfaction, and higher mental and sexual health outcomes among PLHIV in North America. Receipt of U=U was associated with significantly higher treatment satisfaction among PLHIV in the US and Canada, and significantly more PLHIV with optimal mental and sexual health in the US. Disclosures Frank Spinelli, MD, ViiV Healthcare (Employee) Bruce Richman, JD, ViiV Healthcare (Consultant) Patricia De Los Rios, MSc, GlaxoSmithKline (Shareholder)ViiV Healthcare (Employee) Benjamin Young, MD, PhD, GlaxoSmithKline (Shareholder)ViiV Healthcare (Employee) Nicolas Van de Velde, PhD, ViiV Healthcare (Employee) Chinyere Okoli, PharmD, MSc, DIP, GlaxoSmithKline (Shareholder)ViiV Healthcare (Employee)

“She Did Not Find One That Was for Me”: The College Pathways of the Mexican and Central American Undocumented 1.25 Generation

2021 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-108
Author(s):  
DAYSI XIMENA DIAZ-STRONG
Keyword(s):  
Life Stage ◽  
Central American ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
1.5 Generation ◽  
College Going ◽  
The Us ◽  
Course Placement ◽  
Unequal Access ◽  
College Pathways ◽  
Time To Learn

In this article, Daysi Ximena Diaz-Strong draws on interviews with Mexican and Central American 1.25 generation undocumented young adults to examine what shaped their access to financial resources in their college-going transitions. Although scholars have demonstrated that school agents and peers are critical to accessing resources and that stratified schools create unequal access to resources, this knowledge derives from the experiences of the 1.5 generation, and little is known about the college pathways of the undocumented 1.25 generation. Through a social capital lens, Diaz-Strong shows how undocumented 1.25 generation immigrants encounter structural disadvantages in accessing resources and how, arriving in adolescence, they experience below-level course placement and have little time to learn the US system. This article extends our understanding of the factors shaping the college pathways of undocumented youth and shows how immigrants’ life stage on arrival interacts with school sorting mechanisms to create differential access to financial resources.

COVID-19 and the Long-Standing Vulnerabilities of Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 119 (820) ◽  
pp. 323-325
Author(s):  
Deborah Carr
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Care ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
End Of Life Care ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Life Care ◽  
Medicaid Reimbursement ◽  
The Us ◽  
Health And Mortality ◽  
Policy Solutions

The COVID-19 pandemic has taken a devastating toll on the lives of older adults, intensifying long-standing challenges in the US health care system. Persistent health and mortality disparities on the basis of race and socioeconomic status, staffing shortages and insufficient financial resources at some nursing homes, and a reluctance among Americans to make formal plans for their end-of-life health care are problems of heightened magnitude in the pandemic era. Policy solutions like extending Medicare benefits to younger people, increasing Medicaid reimbursement rates, and facilitating formal conversations regarding end-of-life care may help Americans to age and die with dignity.

The relative impact of the US and Japanese business cycles on the Australian economy

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun-Hoon Lee ◽  
Hyeon-Seung Huh ◽  
David Harris
Keyword(s):  
Business Cycles ◽  
Relative Impact ◽  
The Us ◽  
Australian Economy

scholarly journals The Emperor’s New Clothes: Maclean’s, NSSE, and the Inappropriate Ranking of Canadian Universities

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-35
Author(s):  
J Paul Grayson
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Student Engagement ◽  
Student Satisfaction ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
First Year ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Institutional Level ◽  
Canadian Universities ◽  
The Us

Most Canadian universities participate in the US-based National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE) that measures various aspects of “student engagement.” The higher the level of engagement, the greater the probability of positive outcomes and the better the quality of the school. Maclean’s magazine publishes some of the results of these surveys. Institutions are ranked in terms of their scores on 10 engagement categories and four outcomes. The outcomes considered are how students in the first and senior years evaluate their overall experiences (satisfaction) and whether or not students would return to their  campuses. Universities frequently use their scores on measures reported by Maclean’s in a self-Congratulatory way. In this article, I deal with levels of satisfaction provided by Maclean’s. Based on multiple regression, I show that of the 10 engagement variables regarded as important by NSSE, at the institutional level, only one explains most of the variance in first-year student satisfaction. The others are of limited consequence. I also demonstrate, via a cluster analysis, that, rather than there being a hierarchy of Canadian institutions as suggested by the way in which Maclean’s presents NSSE findings, Canadianuniversities can most adequately be divided into a limited number of different satisfaction clusters. Findings such as these might serve as a caution to parents and students who consider Maclean’s satisfaction rankings when assessing the merits of different universities. Overall, in terms of first-year satisfaction, the findings suggest more similarities than differences between and among Canadian universities.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document