scholarly journals The bystander effect formation in the meristem of Allium cepa L. plants with different genotype

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
O. Yu. German ◽  
a. m. Bratchenko ◽  
Ye. O. Lytovchenko
Keyword(s):  
Mitotic Activity ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Bystander Effect ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Γ Radiation ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Chromosome Mutations ◽  
Chromosomal Mutations ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Cytogenetic Parameters

Aim. Obtaining and analysis of cytogenetic parameters in meristem cells of Allium cepa L. seedling sprouting from unirradiated seeds, while germinating them with seeds, that were exposed to γ-radiation in different doses. Methods. Cytogenetic analysis included analysis of mitotic activity, anaphase method of chromosome mutations, nucleolar analysis. The F-test was used to compare the control and experimental samples. Results. The formation of the bystander effect is shown in the case of joint germination of irradiated and non-irradiated seeds. The severity of bystander effect increases with increasing irradiation dose. Conclusions. Irradiation of seeds with a dose of gamma radiation of 40 Gy causes the formation of radiation hormesis by the criterion of mitotic activity in the root meristem cells of seedlings, and the irradiation with a dose of 10 Gy does not affect the level of cell proliferation. The bystander effect formation occurs during the joint germination of intact and irradiated seeds as an increase in the level of mitotic activity, and an increase in the number of chromosomal mutations. Keywords: bystander effect, γ-radiation, meristem, mitotic activity, chromosomal abnormalities, micronuclei.

scholarly journals Study of Mitotic Activity and Chromosomal Behaviour in Root Meristem of Allium cepa L. Treated with Magnesium Sulphate

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabhakar Bhatta ◽  
S. R. Sakya
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Mitotic Activity ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Biological System ◽  
Magnesium Sulphate ◽  
Root Meristem ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Chromosomal Behaviour

The mitotic activity and chromosomal behaviour was observed in four different concentrations of magnesium sulphate at four different duration of treatment using Allium cepa as a biological system. Mito-inhibitory effect of the compound was observed in higher concentration. The compound was capable of producing various chromosomal abnormalities indicating the cytostatic and clastogenic properties of magnesium sulphate. Key words: Allium cepa, magnesium sulphate, mitotic index, phase indices.doi: 10.3126/eco.v15i0.1947 ECOPRINT 15: 83-88, 2008

scholarly journals Influence of 1-p-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine on mitotic activity of apical meristem of onion (Allium cepa L.) roots

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (1–2) ◽  
pp. 173-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kuraś ◽  
A. Malinowska
Keyword(s):  
Mitotic Activity ◽  
Chromosome Aberration ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Cytosine Arabinoside ◽  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Cells With Micronuclei

The influence of increasing cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) concentration (50, 100, 300 and 500 μg/ml) on the mitotic activity of the apical meristem of onion adventitious roots was investigated during 24-h incubation in ara-C and postincubation in water. Incubation in ara-C inhibits reversibly mitosis, the degree of inhibition being dependent on the concentration used. 50 μg/ml ara-C causes only a slight and transitional mitotic depression, while 100—500 μg/ml reduces the per cent of mitoses in various degrees after 12-h incubation whereas after 24 h all concentrations (100—500) reduce mitosis to the same level of about 2 per cent (80% inhibition). During postincubation in water there occurs after treatment with 100—500 μg/ml ara-C, a wave of highly synchronized mitoses with a peak after 12 h. The highest frequency of synchronized mitoses (60°/o) appeared in roots treated with 300 μg/ml ara-C. The main wave is preceded by a small one with a peak after 2-4 h of postincubation. This seems to be the consequence of phases S and G<sub>2</sub> inhibition by ara-C. It was found that under the influence of ara-C the per cent of mitoses with chromosome aberration and of cells with micronuclei increased only slightly.

scholarly journals Cytological Effects of Leaf Extract of Artemisia vulgaris L. on Meristematic Cells of Allium cepa L.

Our Nature ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 242-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.D. Rai ◽  
N. Paudel ◽  
S.R. Shakya
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Artemisia Vulgaris ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Cytological Effect ◽  
Allium Cepa L

Artemisia vulgaris L., a perennial aromatic shrub with bitter taste, is considered as a medicinal plant and water extract of it consists of active components like psilostachyin A, psilostachy C, Exiguaflavanone A, Maackiain, fernenol with both anti-bacterial and medicinal value. It has been used to perserve crops and stored grains both in liquid and powder by farmers. The cytological effect was observed in 5, 7.5, 10 and 20% concentrations of Leaf Extract of Artemisia vulgaris (LEA) on Allium cepa L. in five different time durations. The present study showed the correlation between concentration of LEA and duration of treatment in controlled state. Higher concentrations of LEA as well as longer duration of treatment generate the inhibitory effect on the division of cells. Lower concentration of LEA showed less effect on Mitotic Index value (MI) in comparison with control value, which is attributed to delay in metabolic activities. It also showed the change in phase indices and induced chromosomal abnormalities among the phases.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/on.v10i1.7787

scholarly journals Effect of triazophos on mitotic activity and chromosomal behavior in root meristems of Allium cepa L.

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 4-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Archana Pandey ◽  
Shyam R Sakya
Keyword(s):  
Mitotic Activity ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Root Meristem ◽  
Plant Science ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Meristematic Region ◽  
Cellular Abnormalities ◽  
Tip Cells ◽  
Root Tip Cells

Effect of triazophos (an organophosphorous insecticide) on mitotic activity and chromosomal behavior in the meristematic region of root tip cells of Allium cepa L. was assessed. The insecticide showed mitotic depression and positive chromo-toxic effects. Abnormalities, such as stickiness, plasmolysed cells, equatorial plate shifting, polar shifting, irregular chromosome arrangement, precocious arms formation, bridge formation, C-metaphase, fragmentation of chromosomes, unequal cytokinesis, diagonal cytokinesis, delayed cytokinesis and formation of binucleated cells, were recorded in the chemically pretreated root meristem. Key-words: chromosomal and cellular abnormalities; cytotoxic effect; mitotic index; phase indices.DOI: 10.3126/botor.v6i0.2903 Botanica Orientalis - Journal of Plant Science (2009) 6: 4-7

scholarly journals Investigation of cytotoxic and mutagenic effects of Malpighia glabra L. (barbados cherry) fruit pulp and vitamin C on plant and animal test systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisângela Düsman ◽  
Márcia Flores da Silva Ferreira ◽  
Alessandra Paim Berti ◽  
Rosinete Gonçalves Mariucci ◽  
Mário Sérgio Mantovani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Test System ◽  
Liquid Form ◽  
Allium Cepa L

Fruits are important sources of nutrients in human diet, and Barbados Cherry (Malpighia glabra L.) is of particular interest due to its high content of antioxidants. Diets rich in fruits and vegetables protect individuals against diseases and cancer, but excessive intake of vitamins may act as pro-oxidant and generate changes in DNA. To evaluate the effect of different in natura (BAN) and frozen (BAF) Barbados Cherry pulp concentrations and synthetic vitamin C in liquid form (VC) on the chromosome level and the cell cycle division, root meristeme cells of Allium cepa L. and bone marrow cells of Wistar rats Rattus norvegicus, were used as test system. In Allium cepa L., BAN, at the highest concentration (0.4 mg.mL-1) and BAF, at the lowest concentration (0.2 mg.mL-1), inhibited cell division, and there was recovery of cell division after the recovery period in water only for BAN. In the Wistar rats, all treatments with Barbados Cherry, either acute or subchronic, were not cytotoxic or mutagenic; only the highest concentration of VC increased significantly the rate of chromosomal abnormalities. The data obtained are important to reinforce the use of Barbados Cherry fruit in the diet.

scholarly journals Effects of sodium hypochlorite on some physiological and cytogenetical parameters in Allium cepa L. exposed to salt stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kürşat Çavuşoğlu ◽  
Fadime Doğu ◽  
Dilek Çavuşoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Mitotic Activity ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Chromosomal Aberrations ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Allium Cepa L

The effects of sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) on the seed germination, seedling growth (radicle length, radicle number and fresh weight), mitotic activity and chromosomal aberrations of Allium cepa L. germinated under salt stress were studied. Salt stress considerably inhibited the seed germination and seedling growth of A. cepa. Furthermore, it markedly reduced the mitotic index in root tip meristems of the seeds and increased the number of chromosomal aberrations. Whereas, the detrimental effects of salt on the seed germination, seedling growth, mitotic activitiy and chromosomal aberrations were dramatically alleviated in varying degrees by NaClO application.

scholarly journals Influence of pesticide effluent on Allium cepa L. (onion) plants

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-105
Author(s):  
Kumkum Mishra ◽  
Eera Sanwal ◽  
PK Tandon ◽  
Kiran Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Malondialdehyde Content ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Different Doses

An investigation was made to find out the effect of different doses (25, 50, 75 and 100%) of pesticide effluents (Indian Pesticide Ltd) on plant growth and certain metabolic parameters (height, total chlorophyll, carotenoid, protein and sugar contents, MDA content, catalase and peroxidase activity ) in Allium cepa L. plants. Plant growth in terms of its height, total chlorophyll, carotenoid, protein and sugar contents were found to be decreased at increasing doses of pesticide effluents. However, other activities of two antioxidative iron viz. catalase and peroxidase also the MDA (Malondialdehyde) content were found to be progressively stimulated at increasing doses of the effluent. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v4i2.12629 International Journal of Environment Vol.4(2) 2015: 95-105

scholarly journals Investigations on the cytotoxic influence of zinc on Allium cepa L. roots

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halina Kocik ◽  
Barbara Wojciechowska ◽  
Alicja Liguzińska
Keyword(s):  
Mitotic Activity ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Zinc Chloride ◽  
Zinc Acetate ◽  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Root Elongation ◽  
Allium Cepa L

The influence of various (0.1, 0.08, 0.04, 0.02, 0.01, 0.005, 0.0025 and 0.00125 M) zinc chloride and zinc acetate concentrations on the mitotic activity of the apical meristem of onion adventitious roots was investigated after 24 h of incubation. It was found that the tested compounds have a mitodepressive action and distinctly inhibit root elongation. The results of topochemical analysis are reported.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document