scholarly journals Assistive Care Robots and Older Adults: Employing a Care Ethics Lens

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Rachel Hewitt
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Care Ethics ◽  
Care Robots

scholarly journals Personal Care Robots for Older Adults: An Overview

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
S H Hosseini ◽  
K M Goher
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Personal Care ◽  
Care Robots

Older Adult Preferences for Robot Care Providers

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 1032-1036
Author(s):  
Rachel E. Stuck ◽  
Emily M. McDonald ◽  
Wendy A. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Care Provider ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Adult Care ◽  
Care Robots ◽  
The World ◽  
Technology Intervention ◽  
Human Care ◽  
Insight Into

As the population of older adults increases throughout the world, there is increased demand for specialized interventions for older adults who receive assistance from care providers. Robot care providers are a potential technology intervention to support this population. Although previous research has explored older adults’ perceptions of robot care providers, the studies primarily included independently functioning older adults. This study explored the perceptions of robot care providers from older adults who are currently receiving assistance from a human care provider to gain insight into their understanding of successful care, and how robot care providers can be designed to effectively care for older adults. The results suggest that in the care provider context, older adults desire a robot that goes beyond simply performing the tasks, but is also caring, kind, and sociable. When designing robots for older adult care, robots should also be social to support successful interactions.

The essential needs for home-care robots in Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 201-220
Author(s):  
Mayuko Tsujimura ◽  
Hiroo Ide ◽  
Wenwei Yu ◽  
Naonori Kodate ◽  
Mina Ishimaru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Daily Monitoring ◽  
Care Robots ◽  
Level Of Agreement

Purpose This study aims to compare the level of needs for home-care robots amongst older adults, family caregivers and home-care staff and clarify the factors constituting these needs. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional, anonymous questionnaire survey was administered. It included 52 items related to needs for home-care robots rated on a four-point Likert scale. Means and standard deviations were calculated, and the Kruskal-Wallis test was performed for each item. Factor analysis was conducted on the needs of home-care staff. Findings Responses from 79 older adults, 54 family caregivers and 427 home-care staff were analysed. For all three groups, the level of agreement was high for the following needs: to inform family and support personnel immediately when older adults fall, about their location in case of natural disasters and about mismanagement of fire by older adults with dementia. For family caregivers and home-care staff, the level of need concerning monitoring was higher than for older adults. Extracted using factor analysis, the six factors representing the essential needs for home-care robots were risk minimisation, daily monitoring of the physical condition, supporting activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental ADL, pre-empting problems, communication and miscellaneous support. Originality/value The results showed that the education of caregivers and the co-design process of robot development should involve home-care staff, older adults and family caregivers, which are important for making decisions about the use of home-care robots for older adults.

scholarly journals Home-care Professionals’ Ethical Perceptions of the Development and Use of Home-care Robots for Older Adults in Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (14) ◽  
pp. 1295-1303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayuri Suwa ◽  
Mayuko Tsujimura ◽  
Hiroo Ide ◽  
Naonori Kodate ◽  
Mina Ishimaru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Ethical Perceptions ◽  
Care Robots

scholarly journals Robot Care Ethics Between Autonomy and Vulnerability: Coupling Principles and Practices in Autonomous Systems for Care

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Pirni ◽  
Maurizio Balistreri ◽  
Marianna Capasso ◽  
Steven Umbrello ◽  
Federica Merenda
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Elderly Care ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Care Ethics ◽  
Ethical Framework ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Care Robots ◽  
Ethical Design ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Traditional Approaches

Technological developments involving robotics and artificial intelligence devices are being employed evermore in elderly care and the healthcare sector more generally, raising ethical issues and practical questions warranting closer considerations of what we mean by “care” and, subsequently, how to design such software coherently with the chosen definition. This paper starts by critically examining the existing approaches to the ethical design of care robots provided by Aimee van Wynsberghe, who relies on the work on the ethics of care by Joan Tronto. In doing so, it suggests an alternative to their non-principled approach, an alternative suited to tackling some of the issues raised by Tronto and van Wynsberghe, while allowing for the inclusion of two orientative principles. Our proposal centres on the principles of autonomy and vulnerability, whose joint adoption we deem able to constitute an original revision of a bottom-up approach in care ethics. Conclusively, the ethical framework introduced here integrates more traditional approaches in care ethics in view of enhancing the debate regarding the ethical design of care robots under a new lens.

Cognitive control constrains memory attributions

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colleen M. Kelley ◽  
Larry L. Jacoby
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cognitive Control

Abstract Cognitive control constrains retrieval processing and so restricts what comes to mind as input to the attribution system. We review evidence that older adults, patients with Alzheimer's disease, and people with traumatic brain injury exert less cognitive control during retrieval, and so are susceptible to memory misattributions in the form of dramatic levels of false remembering.

Cognitive Load Affects Speech Motor Performance Differently in Older and Younger Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 1258-1277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan K. MacPherson
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Incongruent Condition ◽  
Sentence Production ◽  
Movement Duration ◽  
Production Task ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Speech Motor

PurposeThe aim of this study was to determine the impact of cognitive load imposed by a speech production task on the speech motor performance of healthy older and younger adults. Response inhibition, selective attention, and working memory were the primary cognitive processes of interest.MethodTwelve healthy older and 12 healthy younger adults produced multiple repetitions of 4 sentences containing an embedded Stroop task in 2 cognitive load conditions: congruent and incongruent. The incongruent condition, which required participants to suppress orthographic information to say the font colors in which color words were written, represented an increase in cognitive load relative to the congruent condition in which word text and font color matched. Kinematic measures of articulatory coordination variability and movement duration as well as a behavioral measure of sentence production accuracy were compared between groups and conditions and across 3 sentence segments (pre-, during-, and post-Stroop).ResultsIncreased cognitive load in the incongruent condition was associated with increased articulatory coordination variability and movement duration, compared to the congruent Stroop condition, for both age groups. Overall, the effect of increased cognitive load was greater for older adults than younger adults and was greatest in the portion of the sentence in which cognitive load was manipulated (during-Stroop), followed by the pre-Stroop segment. Sentence production accuracy was reduced for older adults in the incongruent condition.ConclusionsIncreased cognitive load involving response inhibition, selective attention, and working memory processes within a speech production task disrupted both the stability and timing with which speech was produced by both age groups. Older adults' speech motor performance may have been more affected due to age-related changes in cognitive and motoric functions that result in altered motor cognition.

Effects of Aging on the Subcortical Encoding of Stop Consonants

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-403
Author(s):  
Dania Rishiq ◽  
Ashley Harkrider ◽  
Cary Springer ◽  
Mark Hedrick
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Aging Effects ◽  
Formant Frequency ◽  
Place Of Articulation ◽  
Second Formant ◽  
Effects Of Aging

Purpose The main purpose of this study was to evaluate aging effects on the predominantly subcortical (brainstem) encoding of the second-formant frequency transition, an essential acoustic cue for perceiving place of articulation. Method Synthetic consonant–vowel syllables varying in second-formant onset frequency (i.e., /ba/, /da/, and /ga/ stimuli) were used to elicit speech-evoked auditory brainstem responses (speech-ABRs) in 16 young adults ( M age = 21 years) and 11 older adults ( M age = 59 years). Repeated-measures mixed-model analyses of variance were performed on the latencies and amplitudes of the speech-ABR peaks. Fixed factors were phoneme (repeated measures on three levels: /b/ vs. /d/ vs. /g/) and age (two levels: young vs. older). Results Speech-ABR differences were observed between the two groups (young vs. older adults). Specifically, older listeners showed generalized amplitude reductions for onset and major peaks. Significant Phoneme × Group interactions were not observed. Conclusions Results showed aging effects in speech-ABR amplitudes that may reflect diminished subcortical encoding of consonants in older listeners. These aging effects were not phoneme dependent as observed using the statistical methods of this study.

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