scholarly journals A Literatura Mítica e o Estado: Os Arquétipos da Racionalidade Ético-civilizatória | Mythic Literature and the State: The Archetypes of Ethical-Civilizing Rationality

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Romilson Silva Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Paul Ricoeur ◽  
State Theory ◽  
The State ◽  
Racial Relations ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Paul Ricœur ◽  
Egyptian Culture ◽  
Egyptian Literature

A grande mortalidade de negros e pobres em nossa contemporaneidade, abre uma reflexão sobre a vida, a ética e a justiça e suas relações com a necropolítica nos forçando a repensar o Estado e sua racionalidade ético-civilizatória (SOUSA, 2020b). Compreender o Estado, a Ciência Política e seus arquétipos é necessário para entendermos as origens das relações de poder e as relações étnico-raciais que marcaram e marcam a formação e a reprodução da iniquidade na história da raça humana. Denunciada pela literatura marginal dos pesquisadores e intelectuais negros (SOUZA, 2000) a literatura oficial carece de suplementação de outras perspectivas. Considerando que apesar de tradições historiográficas diferentes, tanto para Nietzsche como para Foucault e Paul Ricoeur, a verdade é histórica, pensar a interdisciplinaridade entre história, filosofia e literatura, implica em construir um tipo de genealogia das relações de poder sob a ótica de uma ética que é civilizatória e epistêmica. Considerando que as narrativas míticas podem recompor um saber eticamente comprometido com novas epistemologias e novas perspectivas interpretativas. Deste modo a importância da literatura mítica (SOUSA, 2020, 2020b) para a recomposição epistemológica de discursos na literatura bíblica. Uma pergunta foi o ponto de partida: quais as contribuições da literatura mítica para a compreensão da Ciência Política? Nosso objetivo então foi identificar aspectos da literatura mítica capaz de contribuir para uma outra interpretação para a ciência política. Tivemos por objetivos específicos: compreender a razão e a racionalidade de estado; analisar a racionalidade ético-civilizatória no Estado; identificar o papel dos arquétipos na literatura mítica e suas contribuições para a formação do Estado.  Partindo dos processos de formação histórico-cultural e da dialética presente nas relações étnico-raciais nas racionalidades ético-civilizatórios, a literatura mítica (SOUSA, 2020) utilizamos como referências principais no estudo da cultura e civilização egípcia:  Camara (2011), Diop (1974, 1991, 2014). Serviram também como fonte de pesquisa bibliográfica a literatura bíblica e a egípcia. Utilizamos uma metodologia baseada na bricolagem (KINCHELOE & BERRY, 2007). Sugerimos em nosso trabalho sugere a necessidade de considerarmos a literatura mítica na análise das relações entre poder e o Estado, a partir dessa literatura como um lócus epistêmico para a outra compreensão da materialidade teoria do Estado. AbstractThe high mortality of blacks and the poor in our contemporaneity opens a reflection on life, ethics and justice and its relations with the necropolitics, forcing us to rethink the State and its ethical-civilizing rationality (SOUSA, 2020b). Understanding the State, Political Science and its archetypes is necessary to understand the origins of power relations and the ethnic-racial relations that have marked and mark the formation and reproduction of inequity in the history of the human race. Denounced by the marginal literature of black researchers and intellectuals (SOUZA, 2000), the official literature needs supplementation from other perspectives. Considering that despite different historiographical traditions, both for Nietzsche and for Foucault and Paul Ricoeur, the truth is historical, thinking about the interdisciplinarity between history, philosophy and literature, implies building a kind of genealogy of power relations from the perspective of an ethics which is civilizing and epistemic. Considering that mythic narratives can recompose knowledge ethically committed to new epistemologies and new interpretative perspectives. Thus, the importance of mythical literature (SOUSA, 2020, 2020b) for the epistemological recomposition of discourses in biblical literature. One question was the starting point: what are the contributions of mythical literature to the understanding of Political Science? Our aim, then, was to identify aspects of mythical literature capable of contributing to another interpretation for political science. We had for specific objectives: to understand the reason and rationality of state; to analyze the ethical-civilizing rationality in the State; to identify the role of archetypes in mythical literature and their contributions to the formation of the State. Starting from the processes of cultural historical formation and the dialectic present in the ethnic-racial relations in the ethical-civilizing rationalities, the mythical literature (SOUSA, 2020) we used as main references in the study of Egyptian culture and civilization: Camara (2011), Diop (1974, 1991, 2014). Biblical and Egyptian literature also served as a source of bibliographic research. We use a methodology based on DIY (KINCHELOE & BERRY, 2007). We suggest in our work suggests the need to consider mythical literature in the analysis of the relations between power and the State, from that literature as an epistemic locus for the other understanding of the State theory materiality.

Who Gets Power and Why

1949 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ithiel de Sola Pool
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Good Life ◽  
Max Weber ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Goals ◽  
The Good Life ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Substantive Rationality ◽  
The Government

A Feature of Western ideology, particularly its American variant, is consciousness of tension between ideals and reality. One source of this tension is a propensity to seek social goals by way of adventitious motives. Education seeks marks not knowledge; business seeks profits not products; politics seeks power not the good life. To protest this lack of what Max Weber called substantive rationality, and to demand that first things be put first is labelled “idealism,” while acceptance of the immediate incentive and disregard for the final end is labelled “realism.”Thus in political science the name “realistic” has been largely applied to that tradition which concentrates on power relations and assumes that its subjects behave as “political men,” that is, that they strive to maximize power. The “realist” assumes that all men in politics share the same drive. So deeply ingrained is this identification of politics and power that it appears even in the unconscious where the state is a father symbol. It appears also in everyday idioms where to be in the government is “to be in power” and to go into politics means not to pave streets but to enter a game of hierarchical advancement. It appears also in scholarly thought. Unlike Aristotle, who defined the polis as that association formed for the highest good and which comprehends the rest, most modern scholars find in a monopoly of coercion the distinctive attribute of the state.

scholarly journals Znajdź to, czego się (nie)spodziewasz. Pisanie/czytanie dzienników jako poszukiwanie

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-93
Author(s):  
Anna Pekaniec
Keyword(s):  
Hannah Arendt ◽  
Paul Ricoeur ◽  
Charles Taylor ◽  
Everyday Practice ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Paul Ricœur ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Journal Entries

Niniejszy szkic skoncentrowany jest na kilku ważnych kwestiach związanych z pisaniem/czytaniem dzienników. Dzienniki traktowane jako codzienna praktyka życiowa, oparta na obligatoryjnej narratywizacji doświadczenia (za Hannah Arendt), zostają tu umieszczone w horyzoncie etycznym wyznaczanym przez idee filozoficzne Paula Ricoeura, Charlesa Taylora oraz propozycje lekturowe Davida Parkera. Teza tego ostatniego o immanentnej etyczności gestu diarysty zostaje skonfrontowana z teoriami autobiograficznymi Philippe’a Lejeune’a, Małgorzaty Czermińskiej i Magdaleny Marszałek. Dodatkowo rozważania zostają uzupełnione o niezbędny komponent genderowy. Narracyjność w diarystyce staje się również punktem wyjścia do zmiany optyki postrzegania dzienników – od hermeneutycznej po konstrukcjonistyczną, odbijające się także na kształcie podmiotu dziennikowych notatek. Discover the (Un)Expected: Writing/Reading Journals as an Act of Exploration The present paper focuses on several significant issues connected with writing/reading journals. The author discusses journals, treated as an everyday practice based on obligatory narrativization of experience (as defined by Hannah Arendt), within the ethical horizon demarcated by the philosophy of Paul Ricoeur and Charles Taylor and the ideas of David Parker. Parker’s argument of immanent ethical nature of journaling is confronted with autobiographical theories developed by Philippe Lejeune, Małgorzata Czermińska, and Magdalena Marszałek. The discussion is supplemented by the indispensable component of gender. The narrative nature of journals becomes a starting point for changing the perspective used in the analysis of journals – from hermeneutic to constructivist, which also finds its reflection in how the subject is shaped in journal entries.

scholarly journals Verdichtungen zweiter Ordnung

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (147) ◽  
pp. 217-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Brand ◽  
Christoph Görg ◽  
Markus Wissen
Keyword(s):  
Power Relations ◽  
Environmental Politics ◽  
State Theory ◽  
Second Order ◽  
The State ◽  
Critical Geography ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Emancipatory Politics ◽  
Critical Approaches ◽  
International Environmental Politics

This article develops an understanding of the internationalisation of the state, inspired by critical approaches to state theory, regulation theory and the concept of scale which was developed in critical geography. International state apparatuses and the integral state – in an Gramscian sense – are analysed with the concept of a „material condensation of societal power relations of second order“. The example of international environmental politics is briefly developed and some open questions for research and emancipatory politics are formulated.

scholarly journals Sur la soumission au pouvoir. Convergences et differences entre le Discours de la servitude volontaire d’Etienne de La Boétie et la pensée politique de Paul Ricœur

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-139
Author(s):  
Pierre-Olivier Monteil
Keyword(s):  
Political Thought ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Paul Ricoeur ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Central Concept ◽  
The People ◽  
Paul Ricœur ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Way

This study undertakes a reading of Etienne de La Boétie’s Discours de la servitude volontaire, endeavoring to bring to light the way it convergences with and diverges from the political thought of Paul Ricœur, around the central concept of the will. On the basis of the twin notions of “denaturation” and of “pathology,” a course unfolds which aims at helping establish the people, in comparison with the institution of the State, through a political process revitalised by friendship. But the two thinkers differ when it comes to the resources of the will. This is reflected in the notion of freedom, conceived as absolute in La Boetie, while Ricœur emphasizes its contingency, which leads him to thematize it in terms of capabilities.

Legitimität des Staates

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Legal System ◽  
State Theory ◽  
The State ◽  
State Sovereignty ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Empirical Approaches

In these times of globalisation and the denationalisation and questioning of state sovereignty, the question of the legitimacy of the state has become particularly explosive. If power is to be transformed into justified rule through the concept of legitimacy, legitimacy as such requires close examination. In this context, it is not only necessary to ask what the recognition of a legal system is based on, but also how its recognition can be justified. The complexity of the concept of legitimacy suggests that it should be considered from different perspectives and that these perspectives should be combined to form a comprehensive overall picture. The spectrum of disciplines involved in this volume includes ethnology, psychology, law, state theory, political science and philosophy. It is divided into the following thematic blocks: empirical approaches, social science approaches, theoretical approaches and development issues. With contributions by Hermann Amborn, Eva Birkenstock, Sergio Dellavalle, Andreas Funke, Andreas Glöckner, Tobias Herbst, Ulf Kemper, Lando Kirchmair, Anna Katharina Mangold, Andreas Niederberger, Utz Schliesky, Peter Seyferth, Rüdiger Voigt, Claudia Wirsing und Sabrina Zucca-Soest

The Structure and Organization of Government: Concepts and Issues

1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Guy Peters
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Political System ◽  
State Theory ◽  
Black Box ◽  
The State ◽  
Basic Question ◽  
The Political ◽  
Central Position ◽  
State Apparatus ◽  
Political Inquiry

The most basic question about the structure and organization of government is Why we should be concerned about this question at all?' Many of us trained in political science programs during the behavioral revolution were taught to believe that the structures of government were insignificant as a focus for research. The structures ofgovernment became encapsulated in an opaque black box; that part of the political system where decisions were made. Fortunately, this view no longer prevails and there is increasing interest in structural questions, in part generated by the increasing interest in the state as a focus for political inquiry (Dyson, 1980; Benjamin and Elkin, 1985). Much of the work on the state as yet, however, leaves that concept largely undifferentiated and has not dealt systematically with the structure of the state apparatus. Thus, concern for the development of state theory, as well as the concerns of those interested in public policy, has returned structural questions to a more central position in political science.

scholarly journals The Aporetics of Temporality and the Poetics of the Will

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-27
Author(s):  
Roger W. H. Savage
Keyword(s):  
Philosophical Anthropology ◽  
Paul Ricoeur ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Past ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Paul Ricœur ◽  
The Future ◽  
Intended Object ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Way

The aporias of time that Paul Ricœur identifies in the conclusion to his three-volume Time and Narrative offer a fecund starting-point from which to consider how the poetics of narrativity figures in a philosophy of the will. By setting the poetics of narrativity against the aporetics of temporality, Ricoeur highlights the narrative art’s operative power in drawing together incidents and events in answer to time’s dispersion across the present, the past, and the future. In turn, the confession of the limits of narrative opens the way to a broader consideration of the idea of the unity of history in the absence of a meta-historical plot. This idea calls for a reflection on the ethical and political imperative of making freedom a reality for all. By taking the theory of freedom’s actualization as a touchstone, I argue that the vision of a reconciled humanity that for Ricœur is the intended object of the poetics of the will acquires the force of a directive idea. The capacity to refashion the real from within thus proves to be decisive for drawing out the connection between the aporetics of temporality, the poetics of narrativity, and Ricœur’s philosophical anthropology.

Beware of organicism: the narrative self of the state

2004 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iver B. Neumann
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Paul Ricoeur ◽  
Narrative Structure ◽  
The State ◽  
Narrative Self ◽  
Paul Ricœur

Alexander Wendt holds that states are ‘purposive actors with a sense of Self’. He draws on hermeneutic scholarship from Paul Ricoeur (1991) to Erik Ringmar to argue that this self is a narrative structure.

scholarly journals A reinvindicação da memória em Formas de volver a casa, de Alejandro Zambra ou como construir “La Novela de los hijos” / The Claim of Memory in Ways to Return Home, by Alejandro Zambra or How to Build “La Novela de los hijos”

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Júlia Morena Costa ◽  
Priscila Machado
Keyword(s):  
American Literature ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Walter Benjamin ◽  
Paul Ricoeur ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Paul Ricœur ◽  
Augusto Pinochet ◽  
Political Dimensions ◽  
Literature History ◽  
America Latina

Resumo: Este artigo objetiva refletir sobre o lugar ocupado pela memória na construção da narrativa de Formas de volver a casa (2011), de Alejandro Zambra, tanto na sua dimensão estética como política. A partir dessa elaboração, discute-se sobre a legitimidade do uso da memória e da construção do passado por uma geração que opera no presente, com distanciamento temporal dos eventos históricos que marcaram as últimas décadas no Chile e na América Latina, em especial da ditadura militar de Augusto Pinochet e do processo de (re)democratização do país. Na defesa de uma narrativa própria, tanto na história como na literatura, propõe-se partir de análises de elementos como a casa, a cidade e a narrativa, para estabelecer relações sobre a construção de uma memória geracional sobre os eventos políticos dos séculos XX e XXI chilenos, assim como seus impactos nas discussões públicas e coletivas, como nos âmbitos pessoais e familiares. Para isso, são usadas reflexões propostas por autores como Georges Didi-Huberman, Paul Ricoeur, Walter Benjamin e Raúl Antelo.Palavras-chave: memória; Alejandro Zambra; memória geracional; literatura latino-americana contemporânea; história.Abstract: This article aims to reflect on the place occupied by memory in the construction of the narrative of Formas de volver a casa (2011), by Alejandro Zambra, both in its aesthetic and political dimensions. Based on this elaboration, the legitimacy of the use of memory and the construction of the past is discussed by a generation that operates in the present, with temporal distance from the historical events that marked the last decades in Chile and Latin America, especially the dictatorship Pinochet’s military and the process of (re) democratization. In defense of its own narrative, both in history and in literature, analyzes of elements such as the house, the city and the narrative, are proposed as a starting point to establish relationships on the construction of a generational memory on the political events of the Chilean’s 20th and 21th centuries, as well as their impacts on public and collective discussions, and on personal and family spheres. For this, reflections proposed by authors such as Georges Didi-Huberman, Paul Ricoeur, Walter Benjamin and Raúl Antelo are usedKeywords: memory; Alejandro Zambra; generational; contemporary Latin American literature, history.

scholarly journals National dominierte globale Herrschaft

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (133) ◽  
pp. 625-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Görg ◽  
Markus Wissen
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
International Institutions ◽  
Social Power ◽  
State Theory ◽  
The State ◽  
Specific Character ◽  
Multilateral Institutions ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Functional Problem

Current interpretation about an end of multilateralism and of neoliberalist globalisation at all lacks a sufficient understanding of international institutions. Neither was multilateralism in the 1990ties a functional problem-solving approach to global crises nor can the growing tendencies toward unilateralism today renounce the background of multilateral institutions. Both interpretations miss the specific character of global domination incorporated in international institutions. Building on the state theory of Nicos Poulantzas and the diagnosis of Joachim Hirsch towards an "Internationalisation of the state" an alternative approach is developed arguing that international institutions are "second order condensations" of social power relations. The case of the WTO-TRIPsagreement and the global conflicts around its revision is used to show the analytical strength of this approach.

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