scholarly journals DEICING REAGENTS IN URBAN ECOSYSTEMS, USING THE EXAMPLE OF MOSCOW

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (25) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Victorovna Gladkova ◽  
Evgeny Aleksandrovich Gladkov
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Urban Ecosystems ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Negative Environmental Impact ◽  
Main Components

Deicing reagents have an impact on the environment. The composition of the deicing reagents used in Moscow has undergone certain changes. However, the main components of deicing reagents were chlorides, including calcium chloride and (or) sodium chloride. We also conducted research on the effects of sodium chloride and calcium chloride on some urban decorative plants. Soil salinization is a negative environmental impact in urban ecosystems. Deicing reagents affect both plants and the environment in general.

scholarly journals Integration of GIS and RSE aiming to the effective monitoring of the surroundings of landfills

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-12
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Azimov ◽  
Oleksandr Schevchuk ◽  
Kateryna Azimova ◽  
Yelizaveta Dorofey ◽  
Olha Tomchenko
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
The North ◽  
Vehicle Data ◽  
Negative Environmental Impact ◽  
Sustainable Regional Development ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Analytical System ◽  
The Individual

The article highlights the possibilities of using the technologies of remote sensing of the Earth (RSE) and geographic information systems (GIS) for monitoring studies of pollution factors of the environment within the municipal solid waste (MSW) dumps and landfill areas as well when the assessing their impact on the landscape components. The main purpose of the investigation is to formulate the general principles of creation and to determine the main components of the information system of geomonitoring of areas of impact of the MSW disposal landfills as part of an information-analytical system of analysis of the risk of emergencies of man-made and natural character, aimed at ensuring sustainable regional development of Ukraine. During the research of the Kyiv’s Oblast territory, space imagery from IRS satellites was used. For detailed exploration of the individual sites where the largest landfill sites and areas are located (northern Obukhiv district, Bila Tserkva district, Trypillya district), were also used images from the Quick Bird satellite. The improvement of the characteristics of the Kyiv’s landfill No 5 at the north of the Obukhiv district used the unmanned aerial vehicle data. Some of the factors that have a negative environmental impact on the environment and the population of MSW disposal landfills and the possibilities of monitoring them by RSE methods are considered in the article. As a result it has been shown that the RSE data integrated to GIS allow to obtain accurate information about the current state of the studied area quickly, to conduct timely monitoring and forecasting the development of negative phenomena and processes, which significantly increases the level of environmental safety at national, regional and site levels and provides an opportunity to develop a set of measures to reduce the environmental impact of MSW disposal landfills. The situation with waste, especially domestic waste in Kyiv’s Oblast, is getting worse every year. As a result, there is an increasing threat to human and environmental health. The obtained results show that one of the reasons for the current situation is the selection of unfavorable sites for the allocation of waste disposal landfills.

scholarly journals Simulation-Based Analysis of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Sustainable Supply Chains—Re-Design in an Approach to Supply Chain Strategy

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3504
Author(s):  
Blanka Tundys ◽  
Tomasz Wiśniewski
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Literature Analysis ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Environmental Aspect ◽  
Supply Chain Strategy ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Negative Environmental Impact

The aim of the study was to analyze emissions in the supply chain and to identify, based on a literature analysis, which supply chain strategies could contribute to reducing these emissions. A broad spectrum of new supply chain strategy solutions was identified and, based on simulations of selected products, conclusions were drawn and the advantages and disadvantages of theoretical solutions were presented for individual cases. A critical analysis of the literature and simulation methods were used to illustrate the problem presented in this paper, to identify the factors causing greenhouse gas emissions and to draw conclusions in the form of proposals to redesign existing strategies, considering the factors determining the increase in pollution caused by the performed logistics processes. The results of the simulations and the literature analysis indicate that solutions related to the redesign of strategies must consider the specificity of the product and the nature of the chain. Not all proposed strategies are applicable to all chains, and each new strategy must be carefully considered and consider many factors. An important element to reduce the negative environmental impact of chains is a well-thought-out relationship with suppliers, a well-chosen and adapted logistics infrastructure, including means of transport. The presented solutions clearly indicate that the environmental aspect plays an increasingly important role in chain management and influences the applied chain strategies. However, reducing the environmental impact of a chain is not a revolutionary approach and an easy-to-implement strategy change, but a well-thought-out, long-term process that considers the specifics of the products, the possibilities of alternative sourcing and distribution modes, and the need to invest in logistics infrastructure to make it as environmentally neutral as possible.

The Influence of Agglomerators on Powdering of Chloroprene Rubber PCR-244

2015 ◽  
Vol 1119 ◽  
pp. 334-337
Author(s):  
Xu Ling Wei ◽  
Yu Li Wei ◽  
Guang Bi Gong ◽  
Tao Liang ◽  
Wen Jing Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Magnesium Sulfate ◽  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Aluminum Chloride ◽  
Adhesive Material ◽  
Monovalent Salt ◽  
Chloroprene Rubber ◽  
Direct Condensation

Powdered polychloroprene rubber (PCR-244) was prepared by the direct condensation, and the influence of agglomerator kinds and dosages on powdering of PCR-244 were investigated, including trivalent salt (aluminum chloride), divalent salt (magnesium sulfate, calcium chloride) and monovalent salt (sodium chloride, potassium chloride). The result showed that powder chloroprene rubber could be used as adhesive material that calcium chloride was used as agglomerator.

ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL LOSSES CAUSED BY ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY ISSUES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.G. Shifrin ◽  
◽  
N.V. Limarenko ◽  
D.V. Trinz ◽  
D.S. Inozemtsev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Electromagnetic Compatibility ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Negative Environmental Impact ◽  
And Control

This article discusses the problems of the influence of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) violations of electrical and electronic devices on the surrounding ecosystems. The analysis is carried out and the classification of EMC violations is given, the causes of the compatibility violation are examined, and the economic losses and the negative environmental impact, as a consequence of the considered violations, are analyzed. A classification and generalization of methods to minimize the negative consequences of EMC violations was carried out, criteria for reducing economic losses were considered, methods for preventing and preventing EMC violations of various power and electronic devices were classified. The methods of monitoring the compatibility of devices are considered and recommendations are given for observing the necessary safety and control requirements.

scholarly journals Bloques de Tierra Comprimida (BTC) estabilizados con cal y cemento. Evaluación de su impacto ambiental y su resistencia a compresión

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-81
Author(s):  
Santiago Pedro Cabrera ◽  
Yolanda Guadalupe Aranda-Jiménez ◽  
Edgardo Jonathan Suárez-Domínguez ◽  
Rodolfo Rotondaro
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Life Cycle Analysis ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Santa Fe ◽  
Compressed Earth Blocks ◽  
Earth Blocks ◽  
Negative Environmental Impact ◽  
The City

This work presents the evaluation of the environmental impact and compressive strength of Compressed Earth Blocks (CEB) stabilized with hydrated aerial lime and Portland cement. For this, 12 series of blocks stabilized with different proportions of lime and cement were manufactured and the Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) methodology was used. After conducting these assays and simulations, it could be concluded that, using earth and sand typical of the city of Santa Fe (Argentina), stabilized with certain percentages of Portland cement between 5 and 10% in weight, CEB can be produced with sufficient levels of strength for them to be used in load-bearing walls, in this way minimizing the negative environmental impact associated with their manufacturing. It is also concluded that the stabilization with aerial lime does not increase the CEB’s compressive strength and, on the contrary, significantly increases their negative impact on the environment.

scholarly journals Influence of salt stress on plants of poplar clone "INRA 353-38" and willow clone "Zhytomyrska-1" in in vitro culture

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Yu. Khoma ◽  
L. Khudolieieva ◽  
N. Kutsokon
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Hybrid Poplar ◽  
Salt Resistance ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Abiotic Factor

Soil salinization is an important abiotic factor negatively affecting plant growth, development and productivity. Fast-growing poplar and willow trees are important plants for bioenergy production demonstrating varying degrees of adaptation to different habitats. The study of salt resistance in different clones of poplars and willows will reveal genotypes that can be planted in saline soils for producing biomass for the bioenergy industry. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the effects of salt stress on poplar plants of clone 'INRA 353-38' (Populus tremula × P. tremuloides) and willow clone 'Zhytomyrska – 1' (Salix sp.) under in vitro culture. For this purpose the plants were cultivated on MS nutrient medium with the addition of sodium chloride in concentrations 25 mM, 50 mM and 100 mM. The control plants were grown on the sodium chloridefree medium. The plant status (with a 4-score scale), the intensity of their growth (by shoot length) and rooting capacity (by the number of roots) were assessed on the 10th and the 30th day of cultivation. The results obtained indicate a high level of sensitivity to sodium chloride of both studied clones under in vitro cultivation. But the willow 'Zhytomyrska – 1' had a higher sensitivity to salt stress comparing to hybrid polar 'ІNRA 353-38' since growth parameters of willow were significantly decreased even under the concentration of sodium chloride 50 mM, and in the case of short term influence (10 days) of the highest concentration of sodium chloride (100 mM) all willow plants terminated their growth and quickly died. The growth parameters of hybrid poplar were declined within a month, mainly under the highest concentration of sodium chloride, but even under such conditions some part of the shoots were able to survive.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF TRANSPORT PARAMETERS FOR SOLUTES IN SALT-TREATED SOIL COLUMNS

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahia & Naser
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Peclet Number ◽  
Dispersion Coefficient ◽  
Breakthrough Curves ◽  
Retardation Factor ◽  
Transport Parameters ◽  
Péclet Number ◽  
Mixed Salts ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

A laboratory experiment was carried out at the Department of Soil Sciences and Water Resources, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad. Silty clay soil was treated with three salt solutions (NaCl, CaCl2 and mixed NaCl–CaCl2). Homogeneously packed soil columns (10 cm, 40 cm) were leached six times using tap water. Effluent samples were collected to determine ion concentration Cl-, Ca++, Na+, K+ and Mg++. Breakthrough curves were used to estimate solute transport parameters (retardation factor, peclet number) using an analytical solution of convection-dispersion equation (CDE) by CXTFIT program. The results showed that relative concentration of chloride was increased rapidly with calcium chloride, which increased sodium leaching rate at starting of breakthrough curve. Sodium chloride increased water requirements for calcium displacement. Results indicated a good fitting of convection-dispersion equation with breakthrough curves data. The best-fit were used to calculate peclet number, retardation factor and dispersion coefficient. When soil was treated with calcium chloride, Peclet number of chloride was increased from 3.13 to 6.48, while it has been decreased for calcium, sodium and potassium. Sodium chloride decreased peclet numbers of chloride, calcium and sodium. Also mixed salts increased sodium peclet number from 1.01 to 9.02. Results showed, calcium chloride decreased retardation factor of chloride from 1.59 to 0.50, while it has been increased from 1.39, 1.58 to 175.00, 493.36 for each of sodium and potassium, respectively. Retardation factor of calcium was decreased when soil was treated with sodium chloride or mixed salts. Dispersion coefficient was decreased for chloride, and increased for calcium and magnesium. When soil was treated with calcium chloride, dispersion coefficients have been increased from 24.29, 25.56 to 40.51, 40.89 cm2hr-1 for sodium and potassium, respectively.

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