scholarly journals Direct Medical Cost of Treatment of uncomplicated malaria after the Adoption of artemisinin-Based Combination Therapy in Nigeria

Author(s):  
Ayogu Ebere Emilia ◽  
Mosanya Adaobi Uchenna ◽  
Onuh Jude Chidieber ◽  
Adibe Maxwell Ogochukwu ◽  
Ubaka Chukwuemeka Michael ◽  
...  
2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. S596
Author(s):  
B. Balkhi ◽  
S. Alqusair ◽  
B. Alotaibi ◽  
A. Alghamdi ◽  
Y. AlRuthia ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Venkateswarlu Konuru ◽  
Kamala Sangam ◽  
Anifa Mohammed ◽  
Swathi Kanneganti

Objective:  Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a major cause of disability, morbidity and mortality Worldwide. The objective of this study is to evaluate the Pharmacoeconomic direct health care cost in type II Diabetes with complications and Diabetes alone: A cost of illness study. Methods:  A Prospective observational study was conducted for one year at the Care diabetes Center; Warangal. The enrolled patients were followed and the information collected contains: total direct costs, which include direct medical costs and direct nonmedical cost. The data observed was analyzed for the average cost incurred in treating the diabetic patient. Results:  The total average costs per diabetic patient without complications was Rs. 8695.7±1341,  this includes the average direct medical cost Rs. 6366.50± 561.12, the average lab cost Rs. 1368.84±64.8, the average direct non Medical Cost was Rs. 960.36±14.04 compared to  those with DM complications,the total average cost was Rs. 12960.73±549.96 for macro vascular complications, Rs. 11039.11±265.36 for micro vascular complications. To treat Diabetes with comorbidities which include both micro and macro complications the total average cost was  Rs. 16658.13±1393.44, the average direct medical cost was Rs. 14071.77±2884.68, the average lab cost Rs. 1628.04±51, the average direct non Medical Cost was Rs.958.32±13.08. The costs were found to increase progressively with the increase in the number of complications. Costs also differed significantly across the types of complications. Conclusion: Our study concludes that the cost of Diabetes with complications resulted about 2 times higher than compared to Diabetes alone.Key words:  Cost analysis; diabetes; economics; health care; direct medical cost; non medical cost


Health ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 05 (06) ◽  
pp. 989-993
Author(s):  
Henry W. C. Leung ◽  
Agnes L. F. Chan

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-100
Author(s):  
F.A. Ayeni ◽  
O.O. Oyetunde ◽  
B.A. Aina ◽  
H.O. Yarah

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) increases the risk of developing tuberculosis (TB) three-fold. The cost of accessing care for TB-DM co-morbidity poses a significant burden on patients, as they bear both direct and indirect costs of treatment, mostly of out-of-pocket.Objective: To estimate the direct medical cost of illness in patients with TB-DM co-morbidity in two chest clinics in Lagos State.Materials and Methods: An observational study, carried out in two chest clinics in Lagos State to evaluate direct medical costs associated with TBDM co-morbidity during TB treatment. A semi structured questionnaire, pharmacy price list of drugs and an online transportation service lara.ng was employed to document and quantify prescribed medications, laboratory investigations, number of clinic attendance and attendant transportation costs.Results: Among the participants, 53.8% were females. The mean age was 50.7±9.7 years. The total direct medical and non-medical costs for TBDM management was NGN8,604,819 (USD24,585.20) for the duration of TB treatment. Average cost per patient (CPP) was NGN179,384.85 (USD512.53). This was equivalent to 49.8% of the current national minimum wage. Male patients incurred more mean direct medical cost than female patients (NGN26, 647.90 vs NGN24, 020.40), while female patients incurred more mean direct non-medical costs than the males (NGN22, 314.30 versus NGN13, 041.70). Patients aged 60 years and above incurred the highest mean direct costs compared to other age groups.Conclusion: Direct medical costs are substantial in TBDM co-morbidity and increase with age.


Author(s):  
Amit Sharma ◽  
Ashish Baldi ◽  
Dinesh Kumar Sharma

Introduction: The coexistence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HTN) worsen clinical outcomes and contribute to increased morbidity and mortality. Objective: This study aims to analyze the length of stay and healthcare costs by calculating the direct and indirect costs of diabetes with co-existing hypertension in North India. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at the medicine department of the three different hospitals. Results: The patients’ mean age was found to be (M=53.8, SD=11.5) years. Out of 1914 patients, 53.65% were found female. Our study revealed that the median cost of medical supplies and equipment was found to be 21.2 $. The median cost of dialysis was found at 47.5 $; the median cost of hospitalization was found to be 142.6 $. The treatment’s median direct cost was 188.5 $, followed by the overall median cost of 295.6 $. The maximum overall cost of treatment was observed at 603.9 $. It was observed that that maximum LOS was found to be 14 days for patients having BPS between 140 to 159 mmHg and BPD between 110- 119 mmHg, and minimum LOS was found to be 3.5 days. Conclusion: The present study highlighted that diabetes co-existing hypertension poses a high economic burden on patients. This study explored that highly significant result for BPS, BPD, FBS, and HbA1c, whereas the significant results were obtained when RBS is compared with LOS and treatment costs. Our study concluded that mean difference of 9.24 $ in patients having FBS: 261-290 mg/dl and > 290 mg/dL. The LOS increases 6.57 days for patients with BPS between 140-159 mmHg compared to BPS between 180 -above 209 mmHg, which lower treatment costs by -21.31$. Keywords: Diabetes, Hypertension, length of stay, cost of treatment, direct medical cost, indirect medical cost


2012 ◽  
Vol 140 (11) ◽  
pp. 2096-2109 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. BILCKE ◽  
B. OGUNJIMI ◽  
C. MARAIS ◽  
F. DE SMET ◽  
M. CALLENS ◽  
...  

SUMMARYVaricella-zoster virus causes chickenpox (CP) and after reactivation herpes zoster (HZ). Vaccines are available against both diseases warranting an assessment of the pre-vaccination burden of disease. We collected data from relevant Belgian databases and performed five surveys of CP and HZ patients. The rates at which a general practitioner is visited at least once for CP and HZ are 346 and 378/100 000 person-years, respectively. The average CP and HZ hospitalization rates are 5·3 and 14·2/100 000 person-years respectively. The direct medical cost for HZ is about twice as large as the direct medical cost for CP. The quality-adjusted life years lost for ambulatory CP patients consulting a physician is more than double that of those not consulting a physician (0·010vs. 0·004). In conclusion, both diseases cause a substantial burden in Belgium.


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