Comparison of salicylic acid and urea versus ammonium lactate for the treatment of foot xerosis. A randomized, double-blind, clinical study

1998 ◽  
Vol 88 (7) ◽  
pp. 332-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
MB Jennings ◽  
D Alfieri ◽  
K Ward ◽  
C Lesczczynski
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Clinical Study ◽  
Paired Comparison ◽  
The Other ◽  
Double Blind Trial ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Ammonium Lactate ◽  
Significant Difference

Xerosis is defined as dehydration of skin characterized by redness, dry scaling, and fine crackling that may resemble the crackling of porcelain. The present double-blind trial was a randomized paired comparison study evaluating the keratolytic effect of 5% salicylic acid and 10% urea ointment (Kerasal) on one foot and 12% ammonium lactate lotion (Lac-Hydrin) on the other foot in mild-to-moderate xerosis. Seventy patients were initially enrolled in the trial. Fifty-four patients were evaluated after 2 weeks of treatment; of those 54 patients, 39 were evaluated after 4 weeks of treatment. Although there was significant improvement in severity of xerosis after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment, there was no statistically significant difference between treatment groups. Irrespective of the mechanism of action, this study shows that both Kerasal and Lac-Hydrin 12% lotion result in reduction in the severity of xerosis after 4 weeks of therapy.

A Comparative Study of Lactic Acid 10% and Ammonium Lactate 12% Lotion in the Treatment of Foot Xerosis

2002 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maureen B. Jennings ◽  
Loretta Logan ◽  
Donna M. Alfieri ◽  
Charles F. Ross ◽  
Susan Goodwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
New York ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Baseline Visit ◽  
Ammonium Lactate ◽  
Significant Difference

Xerotic skin is a pattern of reaction to a variety of disorders that have abnormalities of desquamation in common. This double-blind, randomized clinical trial investigated the effect of Lactinol (Pedinol Pharmaceuticals, Farmingdale, New York) versus Lac-Hydrin 12% (Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey) lotion in mild to moderate foot xerosis. Clinical assessment of xerosis was performed at baseline visit, and the designated sites were evaluated at 2 and 4 weeks after treatment began. Of the 53 patients enrolled, 18 were excluded from analysis. Although both treatment groups had significantly improved xerosis scores after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment, no statistically significant difference was observed. Of the 44% of patients who did express a preference, 72% preferred Lactinol, which may account for the 20% increase in its overall use in the study. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 92(3): 143-148, 2002)

Relief of pain and trismus in patients treated with naproxen or acetylsalicylic acid after tonsillectomy

1988 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kristensen ◽  
K. Tveteraas ◽  
P. Hein ◽  
H. B. Poulsen ◽  
K. E. Outzen
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Acetylsalicylic Acid ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Therapeutic Gain

AbstractThe pain-relieving efficacy of naproxen and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) in tonsillectomized patients was compared in a double blind parallel clinical trial comprising 83 patients, among whom 42 were treated with naproxen and 41 with ASA. The patients were treated post-operatively for two days with either naproxen suppositories 500 mg. twice, or ASA effervescent tablets 1000 mg. three times, daily.The therapeutic gain was evaluated by recording the intensity of pain, reduced ability to open the mouth (trismus), consumption of supplementary analgesic (parcetamol), and pain-related sleep disturbances.The statistical analysis of the results revealed no differences in pain intensity, consumption of additional analgesics or pain-related sleep disturbances in the two treatment groups. A considerable degree of trismus was demonstrated in most of the tonsillectomized patients. This reduced ability to open the mouth was gradually overcome in the naproxen group while it remained unchanged in the ASA group, however, no statistical significant difference could be demonstrated. Additionally, no significant positive correlation between pain intensity and trismus was proven. The pain-relieving effect, however, was unsatisfactory in both the naproxen and the ASA group, and clinical controlled trial studies of alternative analgetics in tonsillectomized patients are still to be encouraged.

Early Aneurysm Surgery and Preventive Therapy with Intravenously Administered Nimodipine: A Multicenter, Double-Blind, Dose-Comparison Study

Neurosurgery ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 458-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim M. Gilsbach ◽  
Hans J. Reulen ◽  
Bengt Ljunggren ◽  
Lennart Brandt ◽  
Hans v. Holst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Therapy ◽  
Neurological Dysfunction ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Dose Comparison ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Low Incidence

Abstract A European, multicenter. prospective, randomized. double-blind, dose-comparison study on preventive therapy with intravenously administered nimodipine was performed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of two different doses: 2 and 3 mg/h. Two hundred four patients fulfilled the criteria for enrollment in the study; surgery within 72 hours after the last subarachnoid hemorrhage, and age between 16 and 72 years. All patients who had Hunt and Hess grades of I to III were operated upon: patients who had poor Hunt and Hess grades (IV-V) were operated on according to the surgeon's choice. This treatment regimen was associated with a low incidence of delayed neurological dysfunction with no significant difference between the two dosage groups: three patients (1.5%) remained severely disabled and two (1%) moderately disabled due to vasospasm with or without additional complications. Among the patients with Hunt and Hess grades of IV or V. the long-term outcome was favorable (good-fair) for 40% and unfavorable for 60%. Among the patients with grades of I to III, the long-term outcome was favorable for 89% and unfavorable for 11%.

scholarly journals Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Intraoperative Hemodynamic Responses in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Randomised Double Blind Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhanashree Dongare ◽  
Smita Gharde
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Loading Dose ◽  
Double Blind Trial ◽  
Hemodynamic Responses ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
American Society ◽  
Group B

Background: Dexmedetomidine is selective alpha 2 agonist with sedative sympatholytic, analgesic properties and is used as an anaesthetic adjuvant. We have evaluated the effect of dexmedetomidine on various hemodynamic responses to incidences such as laryngoscopy, endotracheal intubation, exubation and pneumoperitoneum in patients who were undergoing surgeries like laparoscopic cholecystectomy. We have used loading dose of 0.5mcg/kg of inj. Dexmedetomidine given over 10 minutes followed by infusion of a dose of 0.3mcg/kg/hour for the control of hemodynamic response to laparoscopy. Methods: Patient of either sex aged between 18-50 yrs, belongs to ASA I and II (AMERICAN SOCIETY OF ANAESTHESIOLOGY) posted for laparoscopic cholecystectomy were included. Institutional ethical committee clearance was obtained prior to study. After enrolment and valid written consent was taken. 60 patients were enrolled written valid informed consent was taken. Patients were divided into two groups 30 each with computerized randomization. Base line parameters were noted. Observer and patient was blinded for the content of syringe. Group A received injection dexmedetomidine and group B received bolus and infusion of normal saline at same rate. Routine general anaesthesia was instituted. Parameters were noted after induction, after intubation, after co2 insufflation, after 20 min, after 40 min, after co2 deflation, after extubation, after 1 and 2 hrs post-extubation. Results: Group A showed significantly less rise in HR and MAP than Group B. Requirement of intraoperative propofol was more in Group B. There was no significant difference for time taken to awakening in both groups. Conclusion: We found Injection Dexmedetomidine in given doses gave good hemodynamic control with minimal undesired effects during laparoscopy.

The Optimal Administration Time of Butorphanol in Suppressing Sufentanil-induced Cough: A Single-Center Randomized Double-Blind Trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuejiao Song ◽  
Zhihong Xu ◽  
Zhenyi Chen ◽  
Qingwu Liao
Keyword(s):  
Normal Saline ◽  
Anesthesia Induction ◽  
Double Blind Trial ◽  
Trial Registry ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Clinical Trial Registry ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Administration Time ◽  
Registration Number

Abstract Backgroud: To evaluate the optimal administration time of butorphanol in suppressing sufentanil-induced cough(SIC) during the induction of general anesthesia.Methods:180 patients were randomly divided into 4 equally sized groups: at 5min, 2min and 0min before anesthesia induction, all patients were sequentially injected the drug labeled A/B/C (butorphanol 1mg or normal saline), GI received intravenously drug A/B/C (All were normal saline),GII received intravenously drug A/B/C (A was butorphanol, B and C were saline), GIII received intravenously drug A/B/C (B is butorphanol, A and C were saline), GIV received intravenously drug A/B/C (C is butorphanol，A and B were saline). ALL Patients were then administrated with sufentanil 0.4 µg/kg in 5s after drug C. The incidence and severity of SIC was recorded within 2 minutes after sufentanil injection. MAP, HR, and SpO2 were recorded at T0 (before the administration of any drug),Ta, Tb, Tc (before the injection of drug A/B/C), T1( 2minutes after sufentanil injection) and T2 (1 minutes after endotracheal intubation). Results: The incidences of cough in GII, GIII, and IV were lower than that in GI (0.09, 0.01, and 0 vs 42.2%, P<0.01), while there were no significant differences between GII, GIII, and GIV. The HR of all 4 groups at T2 were significantly higher than their levels at any other time (P<0.05,T2 vs other time), but there’s no significant difference among 4 groups at T2. The MBP of all 4 groups at Ta and Tb were significantly lower than their levels at any other time (P<0.05, Ta and Tb vs other time), but there’s no significant difference among 4 groups at Ta and Tb. At Ta, the SpO2 of GII was significantly lower than GI, GIII and GIV (P<0.05); at Tb, the SpO2 of GII was significantly lower than GI (P<0.05) and GIV (P<0.01); at Tc, the SpO2 of GIII were significantly lower than GIV (P<0.05).Conclusion: Intravenous butorphanol 1 mg could effectively suppress SIC before sufentanil injection. Without waiting time before administering the sufentanil may be feasible in clinical practice, it has the same suppressive effection and has no influence on BP, HR, SpO2 and the total amount of sufentanil. Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry with registration number ChiCTR1900024394. Registered 9 July 2019.

scholarly journals Double-Blind Trial Comparing Epidural Lignocaine with Epidural Fentanyl for Anaesthesia during Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy

1989 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. Silbert ◽  
R. Kluger ◽  
A. C. Meads ◽  
K. Stasytis
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy ◽  
Shock Wave Lithotripsy ◽  
Epidural Fentanyl ◽  
Double Blind Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Blind Trial ◽  
Extracorporeal Shock Wave ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fentanyl Group

A randomised double-blind trial was undertaken to compare epidural lignocaine 1.5% with adrenaline to epidural fentanyl (100μg in saline 10 ml) in forty unpremedicated patients undergoing extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy without ancillary procedures. Midazolam only was used for sedation. There was no significant difference in intraoperative pain scores with several patients in each group complaining of pain. Decreases in blood pressure occurred in both groups but were more pronounced in the lignocaine groups (36% vs 25 % maximum decrease from control, P = 0.004). Heart rate was increased in the lignocaine group compared with control and to the fentanyl group, but there was no difference in respiratory rates within or between groups. Pruritis was more common in the fentanyl group and leg heaviness in the lignocaine group, but neither was troublesome. There was no difference in urological outcome at one month. Both techniques were satisfactory for the majority of patients, but the fentanyl group had a shorter preparation time and less cardiovascular changes.

Effect of Evening Bromazepam Administration on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Mild Hypertensive Patients

Pharmacology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Alfredo Costa ◽  
Daniele Bosone ◽  
Matteo Cotta Ramusino ◽  
Giulia Perini ◽  
Natascia Ghiotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Ambulatory Monitoring ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nocturnal Increase ◽  
Mild Hypertensive

Aim: To assess the effects of chronic evening oral administration of bromazepam alone or in combination with propranolol on ambulatory blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) in mild hypertensive subjects. Methods: Thirty-seven mild hypertensive patients after a 2-week placebo period were randomized to bromazepam 3 mg, propranolol 40 mg, bromazepam 3 mg plus propranolol 40 mg or placebo for 2 weeks according to a double-blind, double dummy, cross-over design. After each treatment period, 24-h BP and HR ambulatory monitoring was performed by using a non-invasive device. Results: Ambulatory monitoring showed that during night-time SBP and DBP values were unaffected by bromazepam as compared to placebo, whereas SBP was significantly reduced by propranolol both when taken alone and in combination with bromazepam. HR nocturnal values were significantly reduced by propranolol, whereas they were significantly increased by bromazepan both when taken alone (+11.5%, p < 0.05 vs. placebo) and in combination with propranolol (+12.8%, p < 0.05 vs. propranolol). No significant difference in day-time values of SBP, DBP and HR was observed among the 4 treatment groups. Conclusions: In mild hypertensive patients, evening consumption of bromazepam for a 2-week period did not affect BP, while it increased nocturnal HR. Such an increase was observed both when bromazepam was taken alone and in combination with propranolol, which suggests that it depends on a bromazepam mediated decrease in vagal tone. Whatever the mechanism, the HR nocturnal increase might be of clinical relevance, due to the role of high HR as cardiovascular risk factor, particularly in already at risk hypertensive subjects.

Dihydroergotamine Nasal Spray in the Treatment Of Attacks of Cluster Headache: A Double-Blind Trial Versus Placebo

Cephalalgia ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poul Gertz Andersson ◽  
Lennard Tang Jespersen
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Headache ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Nasal Spray ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Double Blind Trial ◽  
Attack Frequency ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Blind Trial

A double-blind trial of dihydroergotamine (DHE) nasal spray compared with placebo was carried out in patients with cluster headache. Twenty-five patients were included in the trial. In three patients, all receiving DHE, the pain attacks ceased after five attacks. In the other 22 patients, 133 attacks were treated with placebo and 137 attacks with DHE nasal spray (dosage, 1 mg of DHE). The trial showed that the treatment given has no effect on the attack frequency or the duration of the single attack. However, the treatment had a significant effect on the intensity of the single attacks. It can be concluded that the trial should be repeated, using a larger dosage of DHE. This should be ethically justifiable, since none of the patients had any adverse reactions locally in the mucous membrane of the nose or systemically.

Ammonium lactate 12% lotion versus a liposome-based moisturizing lotion for plantar xerosis. A double-blind comparison study

1999 ◽  
Vol 89 (10) ◽  
pp. 502-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
JJ Uy ◽  
AM Joyce ◽  
JP Nelson ◽  
B West ◽  
JR Montague
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Blind Test ◽  
Ammonium Lactate ◽  
Blind Comparison

Two emollients, ammonium lactate 12% lotion and a liposome-based moisturizing lotion, were compared in a double-blind test for efficacy in the treatment of plantar xerosis. A total of 43 out of 57 participants (75%) with bilateral plantar xerosis followed instructions completely and applied the lotions (one to each foot) twice daily for 4 weeks. Each participant was evaluated once a week for 6 weeks (the final 2 weeks for evaluation of post-treatment regression) to determine xerotic grade (degree of dryness) and treatment effectiveness. With both lotions, significant improvement began during the second week of treatment and continued into the fourth week. There were no significant differences between the two lotions in the 6-week patterns of either xerotic grade or treatment effectiveness.

Effect of administration rate on propofol requirement in cats

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato LS Oliveira ◽  
Clarissa MR Moreira ◽  
Myla CB Barcellos ◽  
Camile PP Silva ◽  
Jorge GC Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
The Other ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Anesthetic Induction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sedation Scores ◽  
Adequate Sedation ◽  
Descriptive Scale ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Administration Rate

Objectives The objective of this study was to determine the effect of administration rate on propofol dose for induction of anesthesia and the effect of methadone on this dose. Methods This was a prospective, randomized, blinded clinical study. Forty male cats (mean ± SD age 1.5 ± 0.8 years) were admitted for orchiectomy. Cats were randomly allocated to receive acepromazine (0.05 mg/kg) with either methadone (MET; 0.3 mg/kg) or saline (SAL; 0.03 ml/kg). Each premedication group then received anesthetic induction with propofol at 5 (F) or 1.5 mg/kg/min (S), resulting in the following four groups: MET-F, SAL-F, MET-S and SAL-S. Sedation scores were assigned at 15 and 30 mins after premedication using a simple descriptive scale (SDS) and a visual analog scale (VAS). After assignment of sedation scores, respiratory frequency ( fR) was recorded, and anesthetic induction began and was continued until cats lost their palpebral reflexes and jaw tone, and the eye globe rotated ventromedially. The time for induction and the total amount of propofol needed was recorded, and intubation was then performed. After intubation, fR was also recorded. Results SDS and VAS sedation scores were low at 15 and 30 mins after premedication. There was no significant difference in sedation scores by time or between the groups at any time on any scale. The amount of propofol needed to achieve anesthetic induction was 5.3 ± 1.1 mg/kg in group MET-F, which was statistically lower when compared with the other three groups, which demonstrated no difference among them. Conclusions and relevance Premedication with acepromazine and methadone was not able to produce adequate sedation in healthy cats. The slow induction rate is not adequate for use in cats considering that all of the animals demonstrated excitement during anesthetic induction. The fast administration rate was able to produce adequate induction of anesthesia and reduce the amount of propofol needed to achieve intubation only when using methadone.

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