scholarly journals In vivo imaging of retrovirus infection reveals a role for Siglec-1/CD169 in multiple routes of transmission

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsey A Haugh ◽  
Mark S Ladinsky ◽  
Irfan Ullah ◽  
Helen M Stone ◽  
Ruoxi Pi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Bioluminescence Imaging ◽  
Virus Entry ◽  
Immune Surveillance ◽  
Temporal Tracking ◽  
Imaging Approach ◽  
Multiple Routes ◽  
Retrovirus Infection ◽  
Murine Leukemia

Early events in retrovirus transmission are determined by interactions between incoming viruses and frontline cells near entry sites. Despite their importance for retroviral pathogenesis, very little is known about these events. We developed a bioluminescence imaging (BLI)-guided multiscale imaging approach to study these events in vivo. Engineered murine leukemia reporter viruses allowed us to monitor individual stages of retrovirus life cycle including virus particle flow, virus entry into cells, infection and spread for retroorbital, subcutaneous and oral routes. BLI permitted temporal tracking of orally administered retroviruses along the gastrointestinal tract as they traversed the lumen through Peyer's Patches to reach the draining mesenteric sac. Importantly, capture and acquisition of lymph-, blood- and milk-borne retroviruses spanning three routes, was promoted by a common host factor, the I-type lectin CD169, expressed on sentinel macrophages. These results highlight how retroviruses co-opt the immune surveillance function of tissue resident sentinel macrophages for establishing infection.

scholarly journals In vivo imaging of retrovirus infection reveals a role for Siglec-1/CD169 in multiple routes of transmission

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsey A. Haugh ◽  
Mark S. Ladinsky ◽  
Irfan Ullah ◽  
Ruoxi Pi ◽  
Alexandre Gilardet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Bioluminescence Imaging ◽  
Virus Entry ◽  
Immune Surveillance ◽  
Temporal Tracking ◽  
Imaging Approach ◽  
Multiple Routes ◽  
Retrovirus Infection ◽  
Murine Leukemia

AbstractEarly events in retrovirus transmission are determined by interactions between incoming viruses and frontline cells near entry sites. Despite their importance for retroviral pathogenesis, very little is known about these events. We developed a bioluminescence imaging (BLI)-guided multiscale imaging approach to study these events in vivo. Engineered murine leukemia reporter viruses allowed us to monitor individual stages of the retrovirus life cycle including virus particle flow, virus entry into cells, infection and spread for retroorbital, subcutaneous and oral routes. BLI permitted temporal tracking of orally administered retroviruses along the gastrointestinal tract as they traversed the lumen through Peyer’s Patch to reach the draining mesenteric sac. Importantly, capture and acquisition of lymph-, blood- and milk-borne retroviruses spanning three routes, was promoted by a common host factor, the I-type lectin CD169, expressed on sentinel macrophages. These results highlight how retroviruses co-opt the immune surveillance function of tissue resident sentinel macrophages for establishing infection.

scholarly journals Cellular program controlling the recovery of adipose tissue mass: An in vivo imaging approach

2008 ◽  
Vol 105 (35) ◽  
pp. 12985-12990 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Birsoy ◽  
A. Soukas ◽  
J. Torrens ◽  
G. Ceccarini ◽  
J. Montez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Adipose Tissue Mass ◽  
Imaging Approach

scholarly journals SERINC5 Potently Restricts Retrovirus Infection In Vivo

mBio ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Uddhav Timilsina ◽  
Supawadee Umthong ◽  
Brian Lynch ◽  
Aimee Stablewski ◽  
Spyridon Stavrou
Keyword(s):  
Murine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Viral Envelope ◽  
The Other ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Retrovirus Infection ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Murine Leukemia

ABSTRACT The serine incorporator (SERINC) proteins are multipass transmembrane proteins that affect sphingolipid and phosphatidylserine synthesis. Human SERINC5 and SERINC3 were recently shown to possess antiretroviral activity for a number of retroviruses, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), murine leukemia virus (MLV), and equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV). In the case of MLV, the glycosylated Gag (glyco-Gag) protein was shown to counteract SERINC5-mediated restriction in in vitro experiments and the viral envelope was found to determine virion sensitivity or resistance to SERINC5. However, nothing is known about the in vivo function of SERINC5. Antiretroviral function of a host factor in vitro is not always associated with antiretroviral function in vivo. Using SERINC5−/− mice that we had generated, we showed that mouse SERINC5 (mSERINC5) restriction of MLV infection in vivo is influenced not only by glyco-Gag but also by the retroviral envelope. Finally, we also examined the in vivo function of the other SERINC gene with known antiretroviral functions, SERINC3. By using SERINC3−/− mice, we found that the murine homologue, mSERINC3, had no antiretroviral role either in vivo or in vitro. To our knowledge, this report provides the first data showing that SERINC5 restricts retrovirus infection in vivo and that restriction of retrovirus infectivity in vivo is dependent on the presence of both glyco-Gag and the viral envelope. IMPORTANCE This study examined for the first time the in vivo function of the serine incorporator (SERINC) proteins during retrovirus infection. SERINC3 and SERINC5 (SERINC3/5) restrict a number of retroviruses, including human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) and murine leukemia virus (MLV), by blocking their entry into cells. Nevertheless, HIV-1 and MLV encode factors, Nef and glycosylated Gag, respectively, that counteract SERINC3/5 in vitro. We recently developed SERINC3 and SERINC5 knockout mice to examine the in vivo function of these genes. We found that SERINC5 restriction is dependent on the absence of glycosylated Gag and the expression of a specific viral envelope glycoprotein. On the other hand, SERINC3 had no antiviral function. Our findings have implications for the development of therapeutics that target SERINC5 during retrovirus infection.

Constructing Firefly Luciferin Bioluminescence Probes for in Vivo Imaging

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingye Yang ◽  
Xiaojun Qin ◽  
Huimin Ji ◽  
Lupei Du ◽  
Minyong Li
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Bioluminescence Imaging ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Firefly Luciferin ◽  
Visual Approach

Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) is a widely applied visual approach for real-time detecting many physiological and pathological processes in a variety of biological systems. Based on the caged strategy, lots of...

scholarly journals Application of a novel in vivo imaging approach to measure pulmonary vascular responses in mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (19) ◽  
pp. e13875
Author(s):  
Melissa Preissner ◽  
Rhiannon P. Murrie ◽  
Catherine Bresee ◽  
Richard P. Carnibella ◽  
Andreas Fouras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Vascular Responses ◽  
Imaging Approach

Murine Xenograft Model for Human Uterine Fibroids: An In Vivo Imaging Approach

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 827-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangli Suo ◽  
Anil Sadarangani ◽  
Babbette LaMarca ◽  
Bryan Cowan ◽  
Jean Y. J. Wang
Keyword(s):  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Uterine Fibroids ◽  
Xenograft Model ◽  
Murine Xenograft Model ◽  
Imaging Approach

scholarly journals SERINC5 potently restricts retrovirus infection in vivo

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uddhav Timilsina ◽  
Supawadee Umthong ◽  
Brian Lynch ◽  
Aimee Stablewski ◽  
Spyridon Stavrou
Keyword(s):  
Murine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Viral Envelope ◽  
The Other ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Retrovirus Infection ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Murine Leukemia

ABSTRACTThe Serine Incorporator (SERINC) proteins are multipass transmembrane proteins that affect sphingolipid and phosphatidylserine synthesis. Human SERINC5 and SERINC3 were recently shown to possess antiretroviral activity to a number of retroviruses including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), murine leukemia virus (MLV) and equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV). In the case of MLV, the glycosylated Gag (glyco-Gag) protein was found to counteract SERINC5-mediated restriction in in vitro experiments and that the viral envelope determines virion sensitivity or resistance to SERINC5. However, nothing is known about the in vivo function of SERINC5. Antiretroviral function of a host factor in vitro is not always associated with antiretroviral function in vivo. Using SERINC5-/- mice we generated, we show that mouse SERINC5 (mSERINC5) restriction of MLV infection in vivo is dependent not only on glyco-Gag, but also on the retroviral envelope. Finally, we also examined the in vivo function of the other SERINC gene with known antiretroviral functions, SERINC3. By using SERINC3-/- mice, we found that the murine homologue, mSERINC3, had no antiretroviral role both in vivo and in vitro. This report provides the first data showing that SERINC5 restricts retrovirus infection in vivo and that restriction of retrovirus infectivity in vivo is dependent on both the presence of glyco-Gag and the viral envelope.IMPORTANCEThis study examines for the first time the in vivo function of the Serine Incorporator (SERINC) proteins during retrovirus infection. SERINC3/5 restrict a number of retroviruses including human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) and murine leukemia virus (MLV) by blocking their entry into cells. Nevertheless, HIV-1 and MLV encode factors, Nef and glycosylated Gag respectively, that counteract SERINC3/5 in vitro. We recently developed SERINC3 and SERINC5 knockout mice to examine the in vivo function of these genes. We found that SERINC5 potently restricted retrovirus infection in a glycosylated Gag and envelope dependent manner. On the other hand, SERINC3 had no antiviral function. Our findings have implication in the development of therapeutics that target SERINC5 during retrovirus infection.

scholarly journals How to Select Firefly Luciferin Analogues for In Vivo Imaging

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1848
Author(s):  
Ryohei Saito-Moriya ◽  
Jun Nakayama ◽  
Genta Kamiya ◽  
Nobuo Kitada ◽  
Rika Obata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Life Science ◽  
Bioluminescence Imaging ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Firefly Luciferin ◽  
In Vivo Bioluminescence Imaging ◽  
Luciferase Enzyme

Bioluminescence reactions are widely applied in optical in vivo imaging in the life science and medical fields. Such reactions produce light upon the oxidation of a luciferin (substrate) catalyzed by a luciferase (enzyme), and this bioluminescence enables the quantification of tumor cells and gene expression in animal models. Many researchers have developed single-color or multicolor bioluminescence systems based on artificial luciferin analogues and/or luciferase mutants, for application in vivo bioluminescence imaging (BLI). In the current review, we focus on the characteristics of firefly BLI technology and discuss the development of luciferin analogues for high-resolution in vivo BLI. In addition, we discuss the novel luciferin analogues TokeOni and seMpai, which show potential as high-sensitivity in vivo BLI reagents.

Fluorescent proteins for in vivo imaging, where's the biliverdin?

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 2657-2667
Author(s):  
Felipe Montecinos-Franjola ◽  
John Y. Lin ◽  
Erik A. Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Fluorescent Proteins ◽  
Fluorescent Imaging ◽  
Infrared Light ◽  
Red Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Color Palette

Noninvasive fluorescent imaging requires far-red and near-infrared fluorescent proteins for deeper imaging. Near-infrared light penetrates biological tissue with blood vessels due to low absorbance, scattering, and reflection of light and has a greater signal-to-noise due to less autofluorescence. Far-red and near-infrared fluorescent proteins absorb light >600 nm to expand the color palette for imaging multiple biosensors and noninvasive in vivo imaging. The ideal fluorescent proteins are bright, photobleach minimally, express well in the desired cells, do not oligomerize, and generate or incorporate exogenous fluorophores efficiently. Coral-derived red fluorescent proteins require oxygen for fluorophore formation and release two hydrogen peroxide molecules. New fluorescent proteins based on phytochrome and phycobiliproteins use biliverdin IXα as fluorophores, do not require oxygen for maturation to image anaerobic organisms and tumor core, and do not generate hydrogen peroxide. The small Ultra-Red Fluorescent Protein (smURFP) was evolved from a cyanobacterial phycobiliprotein to covalently attach biliverdin as an exogenous fluorophore. The small Ultra-Red Fluorescent Protein is biophysically as bright as the enhanced green fluorescent protein, is exceptionally photostable, used for biosensor development, and visible in living mice. Novel applications of smURFP include in vitro protein diagnostics with attomolar (10−18 M) sensitivity, encapsulation in viral particles, and fluorescent protein nanoparticles. However, the availability of biliverdin limits the fluorescence of biliverdin-attaching fluorescent proteins; hence, extra biliverdin is needed to enhance brightness. New methods for improved biliverdin bioavailability are necessary to develop improved bright far-red and near-infrared fluorescent proteins for noninvasive imaging in vivo.

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