The effect of postoperative oral antibiotic therapy on the incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis after phacoemulsification surgery in dogs: 368 eyes (1997–2010)

Purpose To assess the effectiveness of postoperative administration of oral antibiotics at reducing the incidence of endophthalmitis following phacoemulsification cataract extraction in dogs. Methods Medical records of the University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine were reviewed for cases having undergone phacoemulsification and divided according to whether or not they had received oral antibiotics postoperatively. Records were then evaluated for a diagnosis of endophthalmitis and incidence rates between the group receiving postoperative oral antibiotics and the group not receiving postoperative oral antibiotics were compared. Results A total of 215 patients (368 eyes) were identified by the search. One-hundred twelve patients (197 eyes) were treated with oral antibiotics postoperatively. One-hundred and three patients (171 eyes) were not treated with oral antibiotics postoperatively. Three cases of endophthalmitis were identified, with one in the antibiotic-treated group and two in the non-antibiotic treated group (P > 0.05, Fisher’s exact test). Conclusions The overall incidence of endophthalmitis at the University of Tennessee from 1997–2010 was 0.82%. The rate of post-phacoemulsification endophthalmitis was unaffected by the postoperative administration of oral antibiotics.

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The effect of postoperative oral antibiotic therapy on the incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis after phacoemulsification surgery in dogs. 320 eyes (1997-2006)

10.7287/peerj.preprints.27091v1 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Amanda T. Corr ◽

Daniel A. Ward

Keyword(s):

Medical Records ◽

Cataract Extraction ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Oral Antibiotic ◽

Oral Antibiotics ◽

Exact Test ◽

University Of Tennessee ◽

Oral Antibiotic Therapy ◽

The University ◽

Postoperative Administration

Purpose. To assess the effectiveness of postoperative administration of oral antibiotics at reducing the incidence of endophthalmitis following phacoemulsification cataract extraction in dogs. Methods. Medical records of the University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine were reviewed for cases having undergone phacoemulsification and divided according to whether or not they had received oral antibiotics postoperatively. Records were then evaluated for a diagnosis of endophthalmitis and incidence rates between the group receiving postoperative oral antibiotics and the group not receiving postoperative oral antibiotics were compared. Results. A total of 185 patients (320 eyes) were identified by the search. 113 patients (197 eyes) were treated with oral antibiotics postoperatively. 72 patients (123 eyes) were not treated with oral antibiotics postoperatively. Two cases of endophthalmitis were identified, with 1 in each group (P>0.05, Fisher’s exact test). Conclusions. The overall incidence of endophthalmitis in this study was 0.63%. The rate of postphacoemulsification endophthalmitis was unaffected by the postoperative administration of oral antibiotics.

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The effect of postoperative oral antibiotic therapy on the incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis after phacoemulsification surgery in dogs. 320 eyes (1997-2006)

10.7287/peerj.preprints.27091 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Amanda T. Corr ◽

Daniel A. Ward

Keyword(s):

Medical Records ◽

Cataract Extraction ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Oral Antibiotic ◽

Oral Antibiotics ◽

Exact Test ◽

University Of Tennessee ◽

Oral Antibiotic Therapy ◽

The University ◽

Postoperative Administration

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Relationship between Adherence to Oral Antibiotics and Postdischarge Clinical Outcomes among Patients Hospitalized with Staphylococcus aureus Skin Infections

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.02626-15 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 60 (5) ◽

pp. 2941-2948 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Samantha J. Eells ◽

Megan Nguyen ◽

Jina Jung ◽

Raul Macias-Gil ◽

Larissa May ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Soft Tissue ◽

Antibiotic Therapy ◽

Clinical Response ◽

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Hospital Discharge ◽

Oral Antibiotic ◽

Soft Tissue Infections ◽

Oral Antibiotics ◽

Oral Antibiotic Therapy

ABSTRACTSkin and soft tissue infections are common and frequently recur. Poor adherence to antibiotic therapy may lead to suboptimal clinical outcomes. However, adherence to oral antibiotic therapy for skin and soft tissue infections and its relationship to clinical outcomes have not been examined. We enrolled adult patients hospitalized with uncomplicated skin and soft tissue infections caused byStaphylococcus aureuswho were being discharged with oral antibiotics to complete therapy. We fit the participants' pill bottles with an electronic bottle cap that recorded each pill bottle opening, administered an in-person standardized questionnaire at enrollment, 14 days, and 30 days, and reviewed the participants' medical records to determine outcomes. Our primary outcome was poor clinical response, defined as a change in antibiotic therapy, new incision-and-drainage procedure, or new skin infection within 30 days of hospital discharge. Of our 188 participants, 87 had complete data available for analysis. Among these participants, 40 (46%) had a poor clinical response at 30 days. The mean electronically measured adherence to antibiotic therapy was significantly different than the self-reported adherence (57% versus 96%;P< 0.0001). In a multivariable model, poor clinical response at 30 days was associated with patients having lower adherence, being nondiabetic, and reporting a lack of illicit drug use within the previous 12 months (P< 0.05). In conclusion, we found that patient adherence to oral antibiotic therapy for a skin and soft tissue infection after hospital discharge was low (57%) and associated with poor clinical outcome. Patients commonly overstate their medication adherence, which may make identification of patients at risk for nonadherence and poor outcomes challenging. Further studies are needed to improve postdischarge antibiotic adherence after skin and soft tissue infections.

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Risk of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) after adjuvant chemotherapy (CT) for early breast cancer (BC) in the community setting.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2012.30.27_suppl.62 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 30 (27_suppl) ◽

pp. 62-62

Author(s):

Neelima Denduluri ◽

Janet L. Espirito ◽

Brian Turnwald ◽

Yunfei Wang ◽

Lina Asmar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Median Time ◽

Community Setting ◽

Treated Group ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Large Network ◽

Continuous Variables ◽

Exact Test ◽

Large Patient ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Time To Onset

62 Background: AML and MDS complicate adjuvant CT in BC. Incidence Rates of MDS/AML with pegfilgrastim (PGCSF) use and newer adjuvant regimens in large patient (pt) populations are not widely characterized. Methods: We queried the iKnowMed electronic health record from a large network of community oncology practices for pts diagnosed with stage I-III BC from 2007-2010 with at least 5 visits and follow up (f/u) through 2/2012 for our retrospective study. We stratified pts by adjuvant CT utilization (yes/no), regimen type, PGCSF use, age, and characterized the incidence of MDS/AML captured as a secondary diagnosis. Fisher’s exact test and student t-test were used for categorical and continuous variables, respectively; Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) for risk factors associated with AML/MDS development. Results: We identified 20,900 pts with median f/u of 2.8 years (yrs) (1.2-5.2 yrs). 11,295 pts (54%) received CT, 41% of whom received anthracyclines (A); 9,605 (46%) did not receive CT. Median age of diagnosis in the CT and non-CT arms was 54 and 64 yrs, respectively (p < 0.01). Among the CT-treated group, 12 pts or 0.11% (95% CI, 0.06-0.19) developed AML/MDS with median time to onset of 1.8 yrs and median f/u of 2.7 yrs. Of these 12 pts, 8 received A and 11 PGCSF. In the non-CT group, 18 pts or 0.19% (95% CI, 0.11-0.30) developed AML/MDS with median time to onset of 2.2 yrs and median f/u of 3 yrs (p=NS). Multivariate analysis of pts who received CT revealed pts ≥70 vs. <70 yrs and those that received A-containing vs. alternate regimens were more likely to develop AML/MDS. Conclusions: Adjuvant CT did not increase risk of AML/MDS compared with those that did not receive CT. However, our findings confirm that increased age and A-containing CT regimens are associated with increased risk. The low event rate in our study population may be due to short f/u, younger age in the CT treated arm, and high utilization of non-A CT. Association with PGCSF warrants further evaluation. [Table: see text]

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Emperical Oral Antibiotic Therapy for Children with Low Risk Febrile Neutropenia during Cancer Chemotherapy

Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society ◽

10.3126/jnps.v29i1.1596 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 22-25 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

PN Shrestha ◽

K Sah ◽

R Rana

Keyword(s):

Febrile Neutropenia ◽

Cancer Chemotherapy ◽

Empirical Therapy ◽

Low Risk ◽

Oral Antibiotic ◽

Oral Antibiotics ◽

Safe Alternative ◽

Oral Antibiotic Therapy ◽

Intravenous Antibiotics ◽

Risk Patients

Introduction: In patient with fever and neutropenia during cancer chemotherapy who have a low risk of complications, oral antibiotic may be an acceptable alternative to intravenous antibiotics. Methods: We conducted a prospective hospital based study to the patients who had fever and neutropenia during caner chemotherapy. Only low risk patients i.e. neutropenia of less than seven days, ANC >250/cmm, without any signs of shock were included in the study. All the patients were hospitalized and given oral antibiotics Ofloxacin and Amoxy-Clav and were closely observed until fever subsided for more than 48 hours and improved from neutropenia. Results: A total of 54 cases were enrolled in the study. Out of 54 patients two patients were lost, 8 needed IV antibiotics for different reasons and 44 patients (81%) improved well with oral antibiotics only. Conclusion: In hospitalized low risk patients who have fever and neutropenia, empirical therapy with oral ofloxacin and amoxy-clav may be a safe alternative to IV antibiotics. Key words: Febrile Neutropenia, Cancer Chemotherapy, ANC. doi:10.3126/jnps.v29i1.1596 J. Nepal Paediatr. Soc. Vol.29(1) p.22-25

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Comparison between vinegar wash and culture based oral antibiotic therapy in active chronic suppurative otitis media

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20170981 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 204

Author(s):

Supreetha B. Shenoy ◽

Raveendra P. Gadag ◽

Somanath B. Megalamani ◽

Annapurna S. Mushannavar

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibiotic Therapy ◽

Otitis Media ◽

Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media ◽

Oral Antibiotic ◽

Oral Antibiotics ◽

Suppurative Otitis Media ◽

Oral Antibiotic Therapy ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Sensitivity Report

Background: Chronic otorrhea in chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) has become a difficult task to treat for ENT specialists because of emerging resistance to the available antibiotics and patient’s affordability for its cost. Also biofilms have been responsible for the chronicity of disease. Use of vinegar as an antiseptic and altering the pH of middle ear to treat otorrhea in CSOM needs to be studied. Methods: 120 patients with active CSOM were recruited randomly for either vinegar wash or antibiotic therapy. Vinegar diluted with water in 1:1 ratio at pH 4 was used twice a day for 3weeks to one group. Oral antibiotics based on culture sensitivity report were given to other group for 3weeks. Both groups were followed up for a month and observed for resolution of ear discharge. Results: Pseudomonas (40%) and Staphylococcus aureus (25%) were the most common organisms detected. 96.2% of Pseudomonas and 50% of Staphylococcus aureus ears became dry with vinegar wash. 81.67% of antibiotic group and 68.33% of vinegar group ears became dry in 3weeks. No statistically significant difference between vinegar wash and culture based oral antibiotic therapy in resolution of ear discharge was seen in active CSOM (p >0.05). Conclusions: Management of otorrhea is long term in CSOM and vinegar can be used as an alternative to costly oral antibiotics for resolution of ear discharge in active CSOM. Two fold dilution of vinegar prevents chance of ototoxicity.

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Oral Antibiotic Therapy of Skeletal Infections in Children

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.65.5.867 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 65 (5) ◽

pp. 867-871 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

E. Kolyvas ◽

G. Ahronheim ◽

M. I. Marks ◽

R. Gledhill ◽

H. Owen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Therapy ◽

Septic Arthritis ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Oral Therapy ◽

Clinical Course ◽

Oral Antibiotic ◽

Oral Antibiotics ◽

Oral Antibiotic Therapy ◽

Erythrocyte Sedimentation

Oral and intravenous (IV) antibiotic regimens were compared in 15 children with etiologically defined osteomyelitis and/or septic arthritis. On admission all children were started on standard IV therapy; seven were changed to oral antibiotics within 72 hours and the remaining eight continued on IV therapy for four weeks. Oral antibiotic doses were adjusted to achieve a peak serum bactericidal titer of [unknown]1:8 against the patient's own pathogen. All patients were treated in hospital for four weeks; therapy continued for a minimum of six weeks or until the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) fell below 20 mm/hr. The clinical course and outcome were similar in both groups. There were no treatment failures nor any relapses during a 12-month follow-up period. This prospective study supports, with controlled data, the concept that acute skeletal infections can be safely and successfully treated with carefully monitored oral therapy.

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