scholarly journals Salivary miRNAs as non-invasive biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma: a pilot study

PeerJ ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. e12715
Author(s):  
Arshiya Mariam ◽  
Galen Miller-Atkins ◽  
Amika Moro ◽  
Alejandro I. Rodarte ◽  
Shirin Siddiqi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Small Rna Sequencing ◽  
Significant Differential Expression ◽  
Non Invasive

Background Improved detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is needed, as current detection methods, such as alpha fetoprotein (AFP) and ultrasound, suffer from poor sensitivity. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that regulate many cellular functions and impact cancer development and progression. Notably, miRNAs are detectable in saliva and have shown potential as non-invasive biomarkers for a number of cancers including breast, oral, and lung cancers. Here, we present, to our knowledge, the first report of salivary miRNAs in HCC and compare these findings to patients with cirrhosis, a high-risk cohort for HCC. Methods We performed small RNA sequencing in 20 patients with HCC and 19 with cirrhosis. Eleven patients with HCC had chronic liver disease, and analyses were performed with these samples combined and stratified by the presence of chronic liver disease. P values were adjusted for multiple comparisons using a false discovery rate (FDR) approach and miRNA with FDR P < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Differential expression of salivary miRNAs was compared to a previously published report of miRNAs in liver tissue of patients with HCC vs cirrhosis. Support vector machines and leave-one-out cross-validation were performed to determine if salivary miRNAs have predictive potential for detecting HCC. Results A total of 4,565 precursor and mature miRNAs were detected in saliva and 365 were significantly different between those with HCC compared to cirrhosis (FDR P < 0.05). Interestingly, 283 of these miRNAs were significantly downregulated in patients with HCC. Machine-learning identified a combination of 10 miRNAs and covariates that accurately classified patients with HCC (AUC = 0.87). In addition, we identified three miRNAs that were differentially expressed in HCC saliva samples and in a previously published study of miRNAs in HCC tissue compared to cirrhotic liver tissue. Conclusions This study demonstrates, for the first time, that miRNAs relevant to HCC are detectable in saliva, that salivary miRNA signatures show potential to be highly sensitive and specific non-invasive biomarkers of HCC, and that additional studies utilizing larger cohorts are needed.

scholarly journals Occult hepatitis B virus infection in patients with chronic liver disease due to hepatitis C virus and hepatocellular carcinoma in Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Branco ◽  
Angelo Alves de Mattos ◽  
Gabriela Perdomo Coral ◽  
Bart Vanderborght ◽  
Diogo Edele Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Occult Hbv Infection ◽  
Occult Hbv ◽  
Group 2

BACKGROUND: The prevalence and consequences of occult HBV infection in patients with chronic liver disease by HCV remain unknown. AIMS: To evaluate the prevalence of occult HBV infection in a population of HCV-infected patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS: The serum samples were tested for HBV DNA by nested PCR and liver tissue analysis was carried out using the immunohistochemical technique of 66 HBsAg-negative patients: 26 patients with chronic hepatitis by HCV (group 1), 20 with hepatocellular carcinoma related to chronic infection by HCV (group 2) and 20 with negative viral markers for hepatitis B and C (control group). RESULTS: Occult HBV infection was diagnosed in the liver tissue of 9/46 (19.5%) HCV-infected patients. Prevalence of occult B infection was evaluated in the HCV-infected patients with and without hepatocellular carcinoma, and there were seven (77.7%) of whom from group 2, conferring a 35% prevalence of this group. No serum sample was positive for HBV DNA in the three groups. CONCLUSION: Occult infection B is frequently detected in liver tissue of HCV-infected patients, especially in cases of hepatocellular carcinoma. However large studies are needed to confirm that co-infection could determine a worse progress of chronic liver disease in this population.

scholarly journals Salivary metabolites are promising non‐invasive biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma and chronic liver disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney E. Hershberger ◽  
Alejandro I. Rodarte ◽  
Shirin Siddiqi ◽  
Amika Moro ◽  
Lou‐Anne Acevedo‐Moreno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Non Invasive

Mac‐2 Binding Protein Glycan Isomer as non‐invasive tool to assess liver fibrosis in children with chronic liver disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ola G Behairy ◽  
Soha A El‐Gendy ◽  
Dalia Y Ibrahim ◽  
Amira I Mansour ◽  
Ola S El‐Shimi
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Non Invasive

scholarly journals A72 NON-INVASIVE PREDICTION OF ESOPHAGEAL VARICES BY TRANSIENT ELASTOGRAPHY AND PLATELET COUNT IN PATIENTS WITH HEPATITIS B AND ADVANCED CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE: VALIDATION OF BAVENO VI AND EXPANDED BAVENO VI CRITERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 37-38
Author(s):  
A Zoughlami ◽  
J Serero ◽  
G Sebastiani ◽  
M Deschenes ◽  
P Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Esophageal Varices ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Transient Elastography ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus

Abstract Background Patients with compensated advanced chronic liver disease (cACLD) are at higher risk of developing complications from portal hypertension, including esophageal varices (EV). Baveno VI and expanded Baveno VI criteria, based on liver stiffness measurement (LSM) by transient elastography combined with platelet count, have been proposed to avoid unnecessary esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) screening for large esophageal varices needing treatment (EVNT). This approach has not been validated in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, who have etiology-specific cut-off of LSM for liver fibrosis. Aims We aimed to validate the Baveno VI and expanded Baveno VI criteria for EVNT in HBV patients with cACLD. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of HBV patients who underwent LSM in 2014–2020. Inclusion criteria were: a) diagnosis of cACLD, defined as LSM &gt;9 kPa; b) availability of EGD and platelets within 1 year of LSM. Baveno VI (LSM &lt;20 kPa and platelets &gt;150,000) and expanded Baveno VI criteria (LSM &lt;25 kPa and platelets &gt;110,000) were tested for EGD sparing. Diagnostic performance of these criteria against gold standard (EGD) was computed and compared to patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) etiologies, where these criteria have been widely validated. In these patients, the threshold for cACLD definition was &gt;10 kPa. Results A total of 287 patients (mean age 56, 95% Child A) were included, comprising of 43 HBV (58% on antiviral therapy), 134 HCV and 110 NASH patients. The prevalence of any grade EV and EVNT was 25% and 8% in the whole cohort, with 19% and 5% in HBV patients, respectively. Table 1 reports diagnostic performance, spared EGD and missed EVNT according to non-invasive criteria and cACLD etiology. Both Baveno VI and expanded Baveno VI criteria performed well in patients with HBV-related cACLD. There was no significant difference on diagnostic performance of these non-invasive criteria across the cACLD etiologies. Conclusions These results support use of non-invasive criteria based on LSM and platelets to spare unnecessary EGD in patients with HBV and cACLD. Baveno VI and expanded Baveno VI criteria can improve resource utilization and avoid invasive testing in context of screening EGD for patients with HBV-related cACLD. Funding Agencies None

scholarly journals Chronic Liver Disease and the Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by [18F]fluorocholine PET/CT

Diagnostics ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandi Kwee ◽  
Linda Wong ◽  
Brenda Hernandez ◽  
Owen Chan ◽  
Miles Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Pet Ct
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