scholarly journals Optimization of Hormone for Artificial Breeding and Seed Production of Clarias batrachus (Linnaeus, 1758) Under Captive Condition

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
Abu Bakker Siddique Khan ◽  
Mousumi Akhter ◽  
Aovijite Bosu ◽  
Shawon Ahmmed ◽  
Md. Mohsin Ali
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Growth Hormones ◽  
Clarias Batrachus ◽  
Brood Stock ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Artificial Breeding ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Sexually Mature ◽  
Captive Condition

Aims: The study aimed to develop brood stock of Magur (Clarias batrachus), artificial breeding and seed production under captive condition using growth hormones in north-eastern Bangladesh. Study Design: Fifteen pairs of brood Clarias batrachus were used in this experiment. Brood fishes were reared up to maturation for spawning operation in the farm by providing artificial diet for 4-5 months before onset of breeding season. In the present experiment, the brood fishes were induced with three growth hormones viz., Ovupin (100 mg dompridone and 0.2 mg S-GnRHa) at the rate of 1 ml.kg-1 body weight, Flash (20 mg S-GnRHa, 10 mg dompridone IP and propylene glycol) at the rate of 1 ml.kg-1 body weight and Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) hormone at the rate of 2272 IU.kg-1 body weight; respectively. The broods were injected with single injection in all treatments. Place and Duration of Study: The present study was conducted on induced spawning of Magur (Clarias batrachus) at the Reliance Aqua Farm, Boilor, Trisal of Mymensingh district from March to August, 2016. Methodology: Sexually mature healthy, uninjured male and female fishes were collected from the broodstock ponds for induced breeding. The fishes were transferred in the clean and germ free conditioning tanks for about 6-7 hours. During conditioning, continuous splash of water was given by keeping the male and female separate. The fishes were then weighed individually and injected intramuscularly with Ovupin, Flash and HCG hormone respectively. Only females were injected at 45° angle of the caudal peduncle. About 23-24 hours of post-injection the testes from males were dissected and mixed with stripping eggs for fertilization. Results: The incubation period for fertilized eggs were 23-24 hours for all the treatments. Fertilization rates were 78.20±0.52, 93.09±0.61 and 81.60±0.97 % and hatching rates were 54.93±0.61, 75.77±0.47 and 64.41±0.71 % in Ovupin, Flash and HCG treatments, respectively. Conclusion: This study revealed higher fertilization (93.09 %) and hatching (75.77 %) rate was achieved with Flash hormone. Therefore, Flash hormone could be effective for the artificial breeding and seed production of Magur (Clarias batrachus).

scholarly journals Spawning and mortality of eggs and larvae produced by different brood sizes of Walking Catfish (Clarias batrachus L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
A. H. Sheikh ◽  
A. R. Mondal ◽  
B. C. Majumdar ◽  
A. Rayhan ◽  
M. N. Hossen
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Standard Length ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Clarias Batrachus ◽  
Brood Stock ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Length Standard ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Eggs And Larvae

An experiment was carried out on the spawning and mortality of eggs and larvae of Magur, Clarias batrachus collected from brood-stock pond during the study period.The lowest spawn production (3774 eggs) was recorded in the fish having 23 cm total length and 115 g total body weight and the highest spawn production (10102 eggs) was recorded in the fish having 26.4 cm total length and 230 g total body weight. The spawn production was found to increase with the increase of total length,standard length and total body weight following the equations, Y= –13921+833.7X, r= 0.685, Y= 13965+909.8X, r= 0.667 and Y= 1326+33.02X, r= 0.810, respectively. The relationships between spawn production with total length, standard length and total body weight of the fish were found to be linear and significant (p<0.01). The lowest mortality rate (30.41%) was recorded in the fish having 26.4 cm total length and 224 g total body weight and the highest mortality rate (42.76%) was recorded in the fish having 23 cm total length and 125 g total body weight. The mortality rate of eggs and larvae was found to decrease with the increase of total length, standard length and total body weight of female brood following the equations, Y= 108.6–2.878X, r= –0.865, Y= 110.4–3.214X, r= –0.862 and Y= 54.99–0.108X, r= –0.970, respectively.The relationships between mortality rate of eggs and larvae with total length, standard length and total body weight of the fish were found to be linear and significant (p<0.01).

Promotion of cone and seed production in rooted ramets and seedlings of western hemlock by gibberellins and adjunct cultural treatments

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen D. Ross ◽  
Richard F. Piesch ◽  
Franklin T. Portlock
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Flower Induction ◽  
Western Hemlock ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Foliar Sprays ◽  
Female Flowering ◽  
Sexually Mature ◽  
Nitrate Fertilization

Over 100-fold increases in numbers of seed cones and 6- to 24-fold increases in pollen cones were achieved for 7- and 8-year-old rooted ramets of sexually mature western hemlock (Tsugaheterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) from stem injections of gibberellin A4/7 (GA4/7) mixtures and calcium nitrate fertilization. Female, but not male, flowering was also promoted significantly in nitrate-fertilized 6-year-old seedlings, both by stem injections (47% flowering) and foliar sprays (40% flowering) of GA4/7. Flower induction in 3-year-old potted seedlings required water stress in addition to GA4/7 foliar sprays (30% initiated seed cones and 7% pollen cones). The cones produced developed normally and set sound seeds. For mature ramets, flower promotion was roughly proportional to the logarithm of GA4/7 + GA9 concentration from 25 to 400 mg•L−1; calcium nitrate fertilization, though ineffective when used alone, significantly enhanced this response. Treatments of 6- and 12-week durations, beginning 24 May, were equally effective in promoting both male and female flowering. However, production of seed cones was only slightly enhanced and that of pollen cones not at all when treatment was delayed until 7 July (6 weeks), indicating the need to start GA applications before cone-bud differentiation has been completed (late June for pollen cones and mid-July for seed cones).

THE GROWTH OF THE ADRENAL GLAND OF LABORATORY AND FIELD VOLES, AND CHANGES IN IT DURING PREGNANCY

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1025-1034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Chitty ◽  
J. R. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Adrenal Weight ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Gland Weight ◽  
Adrenal Gland Weight ◽  
Sexually Mature ◽  
Female Laboratory

In laboratory-bred voles of either sex which weigh more than 22 g, adrenal gland weight remains constant as body weight increases. Females have larger adrenals than males, this difference becoming accentuated after animals have become sexually mature. Adrenals of pregnant voles are larger than those of nulliparous animals, but do not increase in weight with increase in body weight. However, adrenals of field males and pregnant field females increase in weight with increase in body weight.Difference in weight between adrenals of male and female laboratory voles could be due to a reduction in size of the X zone of the adrenal cortex in males, brought about by androgens. But since, in the field, adrenal weight increases with body weight, it is supposed that further factors (e.g. effects of social interactions) are influencing the adrenal cortex of field animals.The increase in size of the adrenals of voles in their first pregnancy is associated with an increase in the size of the X zone. This enlargement itself increases as pregnancy proceeds and could be caused by a rising level of L.H. and (or) a decreasing titer of androgens.

ESTIMASI NILAI HERITABILITAS BOBOT IKAN MAS VARIETAS PUNTEN DALAM PROGRAM SELEKSI INDIVIDU

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Estu Nugroho ◽  
Budi Setyono ◽  
Mochammad Su’eb ◽  
Tri Heru Prihadi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Selection Response ◽  
Base Population ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Body Weight Trait ◽  
Population Selection ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Weight Trait ◽  
Selection Of

Program pemuliaan ikan mas varietas Punten dilakukan dengan seleksi individu terhadap karakter bobot ikan. Pembentukan populasi dasar untuk kegiatan seleksi dilakukan dengan memijahkan secara massal induk ikan mas yang terdiri atas 20 induk betina dan 21 induk jantan yang dikoleksi dari daerah Punten, Kepanjen (delapan betina dan enam jantan), Kediri (tujuh betina dan 12 jantan), Sragen (27 betina dan 10 jantan), dan Blitar (15 betina dan 11 jantan). Larva umur 10 hari dipelihara selama empat bulan. Selanjutnya dilakukan penjarangan sebesar 50% dan benih dipelihara selama 14 bulan untuk dilakukan seleksi dengan panduan hasil sampling 250 ekor individu setiap populasi. Seleksi terhadap calon induk dilakukan saat umur 18 bulan pada populasi jantan dan betina secara terpisah dengan memilih berdasarkan 10% bobot ikan yang terbaik. Calon induk yang terseleksi kemudian dipelihara hingga matang gonad, kemudian dipilih sebanyak 150 pasang dan dipijahkan secara massal. Didapatkan respons positif dari hasil seleksi berdasarkan bobot ikan, yaitu 49,89 g atau 3,66% (populasi ikan jantan) dan 168,47 g atau 11,43% (populasi ikan betina). Nilai heritabilitas untuk bobot ikan adalah 0,238 (jantan) dan 0,505 (betina).Punten carp breeding programs were carried out by individual selection for body weight trait. The base population for selection activities were conducted by mass breeding of parent consisted of 20 female and 21 male collected from area Punten, eight female and six male (Kepanjen), seven female and 12 male (Kediri), 27 female and 10 male (Sragen), 15 female and 11 male (Blitar). Larvae 10 days old reared for four moths. Then after spacing out 50% of total harvest, the offspring reared for 14 months for selection activity based on the sampling of 250 individual each population. Selection of broodstock candidates performed since 18 months age on male and female populations separately by selecting based on 10% of fish with best body weight. Candidates selected broodstocks were then maintained until mature. In oder to produce the next generation 150 pairs were sets and held for mass spawning. The results revealed that selection response were positive, 49.89 g (3.66%) for male and 168.47 (11.43%) for female. Heritability for body weight is 0.238 (male) and 0.505 (female).

scholarly journals Sex-Specific Effects of Dietary Methionine Restriction on the Intestinal Microbiome

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine F. Wallis ◽  
Stepan B. Melnyk ◽  
Isabelle R. Miousse
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Methylation Status ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
Protein Methylation ◽  
Restricted Diet ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Methionine Restriction

Dietary methionine restriction is associated with improved health outcomes and an increase in lifespan in animal models. We have previously shown that an increase in dietary methionine induces alteration in the intestinal microbiome. The composition of the intestinal microbiota is a determinant of health and we, therefore, hypothesized that dietary methionine restriction would also induce changes in the murine microbiome. After one month on a methionine-restricted diet, five-month-old male and female C57BL/6 mice had decreased levels of serum methionine, without changes in body weight. We identified a decrease in the hepatic methylation status of animals fed a methionine-restricted diet compared to controls. This decrease was not associated with changes in DNA or protein methylation in the liver. In males, we saw an increase in families Bacteroidaceae and Verrucoccaceae (mostly A. mucinophila) and a decrease in Rumminococcaceae in animals fed a methionine-restricted diet compared to controls. In females, Bacteroidales family S24-7 was increased two-fold, while families Bacteroidaceae, Verrucoccaceae, Rumminococcaceae, and Rikenellaceae were decreased compared to controls. In summary, feeding a methionine-restricted diet for one month was associated with significant and sex-specific changes in the intestinal microbiome.

Early sex determination of Turkey by observation of differences in body weight between male and female

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-226
Author(s):  
S Akter ◽  
SC Das ◽  
AS Apu ◽  
T Ahmed ◽  
A Lahiry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Live Body Weight ◽  
Commercial Broiler ◽  
Percent Accuracy ◽  
Similar Body ◽  
Black Color ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

The present study was conducted to determine the early sex in turkeys by observation of the differences in body weight between male and female birds. A total of 30-day old black color unsexed poults having almost similar body weight at hatching were considered for the experimentation and housed at the Poultry Farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh. All birds were reared up to 12 weeks of age under intensive management with supplementation of commercial broiler starter and grower feeds. Birds were reared under similar management conditions. Significantly higher (p<0.01) body weight was attained in male poults (104g/bird) than the female (90g/bird) at the end of 1st week of age. Similarly, at the end of 2nd week of age higher (p<0.01) body weight attained by male poults (198.31g/bird) than the female (162.13g/bird). At the end of 3rd weeks of age male poults attained higher (p<0.01) body weight (307.23g/bird) than the female (251.33g/bird). After 4 weeks of rearing, male turkeys attained significantly higher (p<0.01) live body weight (424.46g/bird) than the female turkeys (347.87g/bird). The weekly average body weight gains of male and female birds were 94.18g/bird and 76.5g/bird, respectively. Thus, the male and female birds were successfully identified on the basis of differences in their body weight. Weekly feed intake for both the male and female birds was also increased with their age. Up to 4 weeks of age, both the male and female poults consumed same amount of feed (753.46g/bird). The FCR of male and female poults differed non-significantly in 1st, 3rd and 4th week. On the contrary, in 2nd week of age the FCR of male poults (1.60) was significantly lower (p<0.01) than female (2.11). Survivability was 100% up to 4th week of age irrespective of sex of the poults. The birds were reared up to 12 weeks of age until to confirm their sex by observation of the phenotypic appearance. Results of the phenotypic observation of male and female birds correspondence hundred percent accuracy with the results obtained in body weight based differences between male and female birds. It is therefore concluded that farmers can identify male or female poults as early as first week of age on the basis of body weight differences. Progressive Agriculture 31 (3): 218-226, 2020

scholarly journals NPY Deficiency Prevents Postmenopausal Adiposity by Augmenting Estradiol-Mediated Browning

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 1042-1049
Author(s):  
Seongjoon Park ◽  
Erkhembayar Nayantai ◽  
Toshimitsu Komatsu ◽  
Hiroko Hayashi ◽  
Ryoichi Mori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fat Metabolism ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Promising Target ◽  
Intracellular Mechanism

Abstract The orexigenic hormone neuropeptide Y (NPY) plays a pivotal role in the peripheral regulation of fat metabolism. However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of sex on NPY function have not been extensively analyzed. In this study, we examined the effects of NPY deficiency on fat metabolism in male and female mice. Body weight was slightly decreased, whereas white adipose tissue (WAT) mass was significantly decreased as the thermogenic program was upregulated in NPY-/- female mice compared with that in wild-type mice; these factors were not altered in response to NPY deficiency in male mice. Moreover, lack of NPY resulted in an increase in luteinizing hormone (LH) expression in the pituitary gland, with concomitant activation of the estradiol-mediated thermogenic program in inguinal WAT, and alleviated age-related modification of adiposity in female mice. Taken together, these data revealed a novel intracellular mechanism of NPY in the regulation of fat metabolism and highlighted the sexual dimorphism of NPY as a promising target for drug development to reduce postmenopausal adiposity.

Effects of Dehydroepiandrosterone Acetate on Metabolism, Body Weight and Composition of Male and Female Rats

1986 ◽  
Vol 116 (10) ◽  
pp. 1977-1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony R. Tagliaferro ◽  
James R. Davis ◽  
Stephen Truchon ◽  
Nancy Van Hamont
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SERUM TESTOSTERONE LEVELS, SEX AND TEAT-SEEKING ABILITY OF NEWBORN PIGLETS

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 627-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. BATE ◽  
R. R. HACKER ◽  
M. B. KREUKNIET
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Newborn Piglets ◽  
Baseline Levels ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
The Relationship

Blood samples were collected from five pregnant sows from day 111 postbreeding to farrowing and from their piglets at regular intervals between birth and 48 h. The time between birth and first suckling (BTS) was recorded for each piglet. Maternal serum testosterone (T) levels were detectable only at the beginning of parturition and were highly correlated (r = 0.83) with litter BTS. Serum T levels of male and female piglets were similar at birth. In male piglets the T levels increased to a peak 2 h after birth and decreased gradually thereafter. In contrast, the T levels of female piglets declined rapidly after birth to baseline levels. The BTS of female piglets was shorter than that of male piglets. Body weight of males was higher than that of females and was influenced by litter size. These results suggest that the higher serum T levels of male piglets may have a detrimental effect on their teat-seeking ability. Key words: Serum testosterone, sex, piglets, teat-seeking ability, sow

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