scholarly journals Cholesterol-Lowering Effects of Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria Probiotics in vitro and in vivo

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Shahenda, M. Elaby ◽  
Asmaa A. Salem ◽  
Jehan, B. Ali ◽  
A. F. Abdel-Salam
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Lowering

Two lactobacilli strains; Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 20079 and Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 20179 and two bifidobacteria strains; Bifidobacterium bifidum GSGG 5286 and Bifidobacterium longum ATCC 15707 were studied their abilities to reduce the cholesterol content in vitro. It was investigated that the in vivo cholesterol-lowering effect of L. plantarum ATCC 20179, B. bifidum GSGG 5286 and mixture of both probiotics (L. plantarum ATCC20179 and B. bifidum GSGG5286) on hyperlipidaemic rats for 8 weeks. All lactobacilli and bifidobacteria strains assimilate the cholesterol content in laboratory media. It was observed the highest assimilation of cholesterol was in L. plantarum ATCC 20179 and B. bifidum GSGG 5286 strains. In vivo, L. plantarum ATCC 20179  group was more effective in improving serum lipid profile levels [total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein – cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein – cholesterol                   (HDL-C), very low density lipoprotein – cholesterol (VLDL-C) and Atherogenic Index (AI)],                      liver enzyme activities (ALT, AST and ALP),  malonaldehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and total antioxidants capacity (TAC) levels than mixed-organisms and B. bifidum groups, respectively of hyperlipidaemic rats. It was concluded that L. plantarum ATCC 20179 showed more                     favourable results than B. bifidum GSGG 5286 in relation to cardiovascular risk factors in hyperlipidaemic rats.

scholarly journals Study on the influence of 7-β-hydroxy-γ-aryloxypropylxanthinyl-8-thioalkanic acid derivatives on the lipid metabolism in experiment

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-416
Author(s):  
I. M. Bilai ◽  
M. I. Romanenko ◽  
D. H. Ivanchenko
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Xanthine Derivatives

Statin side effects are not a rare occurrence, in particular dyspeptic disorders, insomnia, headache, skin erythema, rash are often noted. All of this determines scientists to find new effective and low-toxic hypolipidemic agents. Various natural and synthetic xanthine derivatives have been recognized as therapeutically potential compounds and reported to control various diseases. Therefore, the study of new xanthine derivatives and their hypolipidemic effects, which would have a significant therapeutic effect with minimal side effects, is relevant. The aim of the study was to examine the effect of 7-β-hydroxy-γ-aryloxypropylxanthinyl-8-thioalkanic acid derivatives on lipidogram parameters in experimental laboratory rats. Materials and methods. The objects of the study were 7-β-hydroxy-γ-aryloxypropylxanthinyl-8-thioalkanic acid derivatives. The experiments were performed in white laboratory Wistar rats weighing 180–220 g. Experimental modeling of hyperlipidemia – tween model: intraperitoneal administration of tween-80 at a dose of 200 mg/100 g body weight. The test compounds were administered orally, simultaneously with tween, at a dose of 1/10 of LD50 (previously calculated by Prozorovsky express method) for 6 days. The following indicators of lipidogram were determined: total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL cholesterol), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL cholesterol), triglycerides (TG) and atherogenic index of plasma: TC – HDL cholesterol / HDL cholesterol. The experiments were carried out with respect to Bioethical rules and norms. Results. The studies have shown data on the hypolipidemic activity of 7-β-hydroxy-γ-aryloxypropylxanthinyl-8-thioalkane acid derivatives. According to the conditional efficiency index Ʃ, which included the overall percentage of the following indicators – total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides, the leading compounds were 2439 (87.47 %), 6047 (82.30 %). The reference drug atorvastatin had a value of 82.98 %. Conclusions. The major compound was 2439 identified among all compared to the control group. The prospect of further research is a more detailed study on the ability of xanthine derivatives to exhibit hypolipidemic effects and to influence oxidative stress in various hyperlipidemic models.

Guggulsterone, a farnesoid X receptor antagonist lowers plasma trimethylamine-N-oxide levels: An evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 356-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Gautam ◽  
YN Paudel ◽  
SAZ Abidin ◽  
U Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Injury ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Farnesoid X Receptor ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

The current study investigated the role of guggulsterone (GS), a farnesoid X receptor antagonist, in the choline metabolism and its trimethylamine (TMA)/flavin monooxygenases/trimethylamine- N-oxide (TMAO) inhibiting potential in a series of in vitro and in vivo studies as determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), mass spectroscopy (MS), and liquid chromatography (LC)-MS techniques. Atherosclerosis (AS) was successfully induced in a group of experimental animals fed with 2% choline diet for 6 weeks. Serum lipid profiles such as total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were measured. Pro-inflammatory cytokines levels, markers for a hepatic injury, and oxidative stress markers were assessed. Interestingly, GS reduced the level of TMA/TMAO in both in vitro and in vivo studies as demonstrated by the peaks obtained from HPLC, MS, and LC–MS. Furthermore, GS exhibited cardioprotective and antihyperlipidemic effects as evidenced by the attenuation of levels of several serum lipid profiles and different atherogenic risk predictor indexes. GS also prevented hepatic injury by successfully restoring the levels of hepatic injury biomarkers to normal. Similarly, GS inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines levels, as well as GS, enhanced antioxidant capacity, and reduced lipid peroxidation. Histopathological study of aortic sections demonstrated that GS maintained the normal architecture in AS-induced rats. On the basis of results obtained from current investigation, we suggest that GS might have a great therapeutic potential for the treatment of AS.

scholarly journals Low‐Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Corrected for Lipoprotein(a) Cholesterol, Risk Thresholds, and Cardiovascular Events

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (23) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Willeit ◽  
Calvin Yeang ◽  
Patrick M. Moriarty ◽  
Lena Tschiderer ◽  
Stephen A. Varvel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Lipoprotein A ◽  
The Impact

Background Conventional "low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C)" assays measure cholesterol content in both low‐density lipoprotein and lipoprotein(a) particles. To clarify the consequences of this methodological limitation for clinical care, our study aimed to compare associations of “LDL‐C” and corrected LDL‐C with risk of cardiovascular disease and to assess the impact of this correction on the classification of patients into guideline‐recommended LDL‐C categories. Methods and Results Lipoprotein(a) cholesterol content was estimated as 30% of lipoprotein(a) mass and subtracted from “LDL‐C” to obtain corrected LDL‐C values (LDL‐C corr30 ). Hazard ratios for cardiovascular disease (defined as coronary heart disease, stroke, or coronary revascularization) were quantified by individual‐patient‐data meta‐analysis of 5 statin landmark trials from the Lipoprotein(a) Studies Collaboration (18 043 patients; 5390 events; 4.7 years median follow‐up). When comparing top versus bottom quartiles, the multivariable‐adjusted hazard ratio for cardiovascular disease was significant for “LDL‐C” (1.17; 95% CI, 1.05–1.31; P =0.005) but not for LDL‐C corr30 (1.07; 95% CI, 0.93–1.22; P =0.362). In a routine laboratory database involving 531 144 patients, reclassification of patients across guideline‐recommended LDL‐C categories when using LDL‐C corr30 was assessed. In “LDL‐C” categories of 70 to <100, 100 to <130, 130 to <190, and ≥190 mg/dL, significant proportions (95% CI) of participants were reassigned to lower LDL‐C categories when LDL‐C corr30 was used: 30.2% (30.0%–30.4%), 35.1% (34.9%–35.4%), 32.9% (32.6%–33.1%), and 41.1% (40.0%–42.2%), respectively. Conclusions “ LDL‐C” was associated with incident cardiovascular disease only when lipoprotein(a) cholesterol content was included in its measurement. Refinement in techniques to accurately measure LDL‐C, particularly in patients with elevated lipoprotein(a) levels, is warranted to assign risk to the responsible lipoproteins.

scholarly journals Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol lowering treatment: the current approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Crismaru ◽  
Anca Pantea Stoian ◽  
Ovidiu Gabriel Bratu ◽  
Mihnea-Alexandru Gaman ◽  
Ana Maria Alexandra Stanescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Current Approach ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Lowering

scholarly journals Long-term Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol–Lowering Efficacy, Persistence, and Safety of Evolocumab in Treatment of Hypercholesterolemia

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Koren ◽  
Marc S. Sabatine ◽  
Robert P. Giugliano ◽  
Gisle Langslet ◽  
Stephen D. Wiviott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Lowering
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