scholarly journals Socio Economic Factors Responsible for Groundwater Consumption in Purba Bardhaman District of West Bengal

2021 ◽  
pp. 187-194
Author(s):  
Chowdhury Nazmul Haque ◽  
Monirul Haque ◽  
Hiralal Jana ◽  
Debabrata Basu ◽  
Sabyasachi Karak
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Unfrozen Water ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Irrigation Amount ◽  
Extraction Mechanism ◽  
Development Block ◽  
Groundwater Consumption ◽  
Freshwater Reservoir ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Groundwater is the biggest freshwater reservoir in the world. More than 95% of the unfrozen water comes from groundwater. Factors responsible for groundwater consumption by rice growers have been included in the study. For the study, Purba Barddhaman district was selected purposively considering the pattern of agriculture and extent groundwater use in the state. One community development block from the district has selected based on crop diversity, type of irrigation, amount of water extraction for irrigation purposes. From the selected block a big parcel of cultivating land (Math) were again selected randomly keeping the consideration of homogeneity in lad type, soil type, type of crops, variety and seasons. Farmers’ knowledge level, farmers’ attitude towards irrigation, economic motivation, improved water extraction mechanism and method of irrigation are the major contributing factors in predicting the amount of groundwater consumption when crop and land situation are constant.

Groundwater Market in West Bengal, India: Does it Display Monopoly Power?

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 105-129
Author(s):  
Achiransu Acharyya ◽  
Madhusudan Ghosh ◽  
Rabindra N. Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Bank Loans ◽  
Groundwater Extraction ◽  
Market Theory ◽  
Extraction Mechanism ◽  
Groundwater Irrigation ◽  
Private Investors ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Farmland Owners

Based on village-level primary household survey in three districts of West Bengal, the present study tries to understand the groundwater market structure using the standard market theory. Comparing the internal rate of return of private investors on groundwater irrigation with past studies, it is found that although the degree of monopoly has gone down in the state over time, a certain element of monopoly still exists in the groundwater market. The estimates of price-to-marginal cost ratios and the Lerner index amply demonstrate the existence of high degree of monopoly in groundwater market. The study also shows that since banks give loans based on collateral, it is the large farmland owners who benefit from these bank loans for installation of electric submersibles for groundwater irrigation. Factors such as availability of rain and canal water, advance payment for water, distance of the land from the irrigation source, and maintenance and labour cost of water extraction mechanism also affect the price of water. As the groundwater extraction increases, it leads to lowering of the groundwater table leading to increasing cost for the water seller who in effect transfers the increasing cost to price leading to a rise in groundwater prices. This is a cause of concern not only for the small and marginal farmers but also for the sustainability of groundwater. JEL Classifications: Q15, D42, Q21

Analysis of Microbes and their Sensitivity Patterns in Chronic Otitis Media in West Bengal

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-171
Author(s):  
Sanjoy Ghosh ◽  
Swagatam Banerjee ◽  
Puranjay Saha ◽  
Biswajit Sikder
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
Sensitivity Tests ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Introduction Chronic otitis media (COM) is a commonly encountered condition in India because of socio-economic factors. Empirical antimicrobial therapy is crucial till definitive surgical management can be done. Periodic updating of prevalence and antibiogram of the etiological microorganisms of COM is thus important.This hospital based study aimed to detect the ongoing trend of microbes associated with chronic otitis media in eastern India and determination of antibiotic sensitivity patterns of bacteria. Materials and Methods A prospective study was conducted wherein ear swabs were taken from discharging ears of selected patients and sent for culture and antibiotic sensitivity tests. Results One hundred and forty two (142) samples were collected from 104 patients. 124 samples revealed monomicrobial involvement while 5 samples did not reveal any pathological organism. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus were the most common isolates comprising 31.33 % and 30.67 % respectively. Most organisms were susceptible to fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides along with imipenem, meropenem followed by penicillin group of antibiotics. Conclusion The huge burden of chronic otitis media patients in India makes it essential to have an evidence-based protocol for initiation of empirical treatment. Hence, an idea about the microbes commonly responsible for disease and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns is helpful in clinical practice.

scholarly journals An Assessment of Socio-Economic Factors on Nutritional Status in Primary School - A Cross Sectional Study in Purulia of West Bengal

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Dimpal Arora ◽  
Subrata Datta ◽  
Soudeep Kr Sau
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Family Size ◽  
School Children ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Economic Class ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Background: Child malnutrition is one of the most vital global health problems concerning in most of the poor communities leading to high morbidity and mortality. Various studies have highlighted the relation-ship between socioeconomic status and nutrition levels of primary school children. The present study focuses on socioeconomic inequality resulting in risk of malnutrition. Objectives of the Study were to find the Impact of socio-economic factors on nutritional status in primary school children. Methods: A cross sectional survey of 281 children, aged 6-10 years were selected from remote primary school in Purulia were used in the study. the primary schools were randomly selected. The studied variables included; Age, sex of the pupils, parents’ socio-economic status and family size of selected House Holds. Interview of pupils and parents was carried out using prepared Nordic questionnaire template. Weight and height of the children were measured. and Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated by standard method. Data was analyzed using Microsoft excel, SPSS version 8.0 .The chi-square significance of association was deter-mined at Level of significance less than 0.05. Results: The proportion of girls and boys are 55.8% and 44.2% respectively. The nutritional status of children from lower socio economic class was poor as com-pared to their counter parts came from upper socio economic class. Children with BMI <5th percentile were 30.9% in low class while in high class it was only 12.1%. Prevalence of malnutrition was 41.9% among children of family size>4 as compare to 16.4% in those of House Holds had family size<5. During comparison of the studied children with children of same age group of overall West Bengal from NNMB survey, 2002, the first group had lower BMI than the second group. Conclusion: Poverty, low literacy rate, large families, food insecurity, food safety, appears to be the important factors responsible for poor health status of children from low socioeconomic class. Efforts should be given for exploring knowledge about nutritional needs during childhood, and creating nutritional and health awareness among young rural children to ensure a better quality of life for the next generation.International Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, Vol 4 No 2 (2014) 15 – 18

Relationship of Socio-Economic Factors With Attributes of Homegarden Agroforestry Systems in Northern Part of West Bengal

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohit Subba ◽  
Nazir A. Pala ◽  
Gopal Shukla ◽  
Kausik Pradhan ◽  
Sumit Chakravarty
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

scholarly journals Perceived Sexual Abuse and Quality of Life of Female Workers of Unorganized Sector- An Exploratory Study from Four Districts of West Bengal

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dishari Gupta ◽  
Dr. Ishita Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Women Workers ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Gain Control ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Unorganized Sector

Women workers today play an essential and significant role in the economic structure of the country and 94% of women make up the unorganized sector of India. Domestic Violence affects women’s productivity in all forms of life i.e. assaulted women will always get agonized and emotionally disturbed and are often bruised after occurrence of the torment. A working woman may lose her efficiency in work or drop out from work in some cases. The present study aims to explore the magnitude of sexual abuse by intimate partners and the quality of life of women aged 18 -35 years in 4 districts of West Bengal. Close ended questionnaire and focused group discussions were conducted to understand their experiences regarding perception of sexual abuse. The contributing factors to violence were alcohol abuse, desire to gain control over another family member and unjustified suspicion. This analysis might be used to improve future partner violence prevention and treatment programs.

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