scholarly journals Halo Tolerance of Biocontrol Agents against Root Rot of Mung Bean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek var. radiata) Caused by Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid in Salt Affected Soils

2021 ◽  
pp. 316-326
Author(s):  
P. T. Sharavanan ◽  
V. K. Satya ◽  
M. Rajesh
Keyword(s):  
Field Condition ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Salt Affected Soils ◽  
Ph Level

Root rot of mung bean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek var. radiata] is major disease and claims huge yield loss if they occur in the field. The pathogen is basically soil borne and survivability may vary depends on soil condition. The fungicide chemicals are available to manage the disease; however, the biocontrol agents are nowadays available for the disease management and the microbial activity of the biocontrol agents is influenced by existing soil condition including soil pH. Hence, a study was conducted to find out the halo tolerance capacity of the biocontrol agents against root rot disease in salt affected soils under in vitro, in vivo and field condition. The root rot pathogen Macrophomina phaseolina was isolated from infected root. Efficacy of biocontrol agents against growth of M. phaseolina was assessed in vitro. The results revealed that TNAU strain of Bacillus subtilis reduced the mycelial growth of the M. phaseolina significantly when media supplemented with NaCl at 5% (1.4 cm), 7.5% (1.5 cm), 10% (1.6cm) and 12.5% (1.6 cm) and without NaCl (1.2 cm) and similar trend of reduction also expressed by BCA1 strain of B. subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Trichoderma viride under in vitro. The performance of the biocontrol agents against the pathogen is slightly reduced when media supplemented with NaCl. The reduction of mycelia weight of M.phaeolina was more in media added with TNAU strain of B.subtilis and the performance of TNAU strain of B.subtilis on reduction of mycelial weight of M.phaseolina is reduced when the broth added with NaCl at 5% (3.15g), 7.5% (3.25g), 10% (3.32g) and 12.5%(3.65g) level and which is followed by P. fluorescens, BCA 1 strain of B. subtilis and Trichoderma viride. Under pot culture conditions, the effect of talc formulated biocontrol agents and challenge inoculation with pathogen was assessed against root rot incidence. It was found that the soil application of TNAU strain of B.subtilis performed better in reducing the root rot incidence at pH of 7.0 (2.37%), 7.5 (4.50%), 8.0 (5.53%) and 8.7 (6.57%) and followed by BCA 1 of B.subtilis in all pH level. Among the biocontrol agents, TNAU strain of B.subtilis applied as seed as well as soil application expressed more population in the rhizosphere in all pH level. The biocontrol agents applied as soil application had more populations of the agents in the soil when compared to seed treatment. The halo tolerance performance of the biocontrol agents was also assessed under field condition in pH of 7.5 and 8.7 during 2019-20 and 2020-21. It was found that the minimum root rot incidence and maximum yield was observed from soil application of TNAU strain of B subtilis at 2.5 kg/ha but the effect is on par with soil application of BCA1 strain of B.subtilis at 2.5 kg/ha.

scholarly journals Effects of biocontrol agents and plant products Macrophomina phaseolina and colchicine content in Gloriosa superba

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 110-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Alice ◽  
S. Sundravadana
Keyword(s):  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Gloriosa Superba ◽  
Healthy Growth ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Tuber Rot

Gloriosa superba is a medicinal plant severely infested with soil-borne Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. Under in vitro conditions a commercial formulation of Trichoderma viride and Pseudomonas fluorescens inhibited the mycelial growth of M. phaseolina isolates. Among the oil cake, mahua cake at 10% completely inhibited the mycelial growth of the M. phaseolina isolates. Under field conditions both the soil and foliar application of biocontrol agents is attributed to the healthy growth of G. superba crops by controlling the tuber rot disease and ultimately boosting the colchicine content.

scholarly journals Management of Ashwagandha root rot disease with fungicides, biocontrol agents and botanicals

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 305-309
Author(s):  
R. P. S. Jetawat ◽  
K. Mathur
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Integrated Treatment ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Neem Cake ◽  
Root Rot Disease ◽  
Rot Disease

The experiment was conducted to study fungicides, biocontrol agents and botanicals for management of ashwagandha root rot disease. Ashwagandha root rot disease caused by two pathogen Fusarium solani and Rhizoctonia solani. In field trial, seed treatments with integration of fungicides, neem cake manure, neem oil and Trichoderma viride agent evaluated as seed treatments individually as well as in different combination of seed treatment and soil application of neem cake was found effective integrated treatment (ST SAAF + neem cake manure + T. viride) and soil application of neem cake manure@500g/plot showed minimum per cent root rot and maximum per cent germination and maximum yield of Ashwagandha as compared to their individual applications over the untreated control.

scholarly journals Root Rot Disease Incited by Macrophomina phaseolina in Arid Legumes and their Management: A Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahabeer Singh ◽  
Jitendra Singh ◽  
Shivam Maurya ◽  
Sunil Kumar ◽  
A.K. Meena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Disease Suppression ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Copper Oxychloride ◽  
Charcoal Rot ◽  
Wide Range

Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. is a soil- and seed-borne pathogen that causes charcoal rot and various rots and blights of more than 500 crop species. Dry root rot (DRR) also called as charcoal rot which causes yield loss ranged from 25-48 per cent. The pathogen is necrotroph and infects a wide range of crops. It is observed that mycelium of M. phaseolina in cotyledons, plumule and radicle, in the naturally infected seeds of mungbean and cowpea. The disease symptoms are clearly visible from the time of emergence and can be evaluated at various stages of development of the plant. The mechanical plugging of the xylem vessels by microsclerotia, toxin production, enzymatic action and mechanical pressure during penetration lead to disease development. Management of M. phaseolina aim to reduce the number of sclerotia in soil or to minimize the contact of the inoculum and the host. Soil solarization can be a cost-effective method for management of soil borne diseases. Disease suppression by biocontrol agents such as Trichoderma harzianum, T. viride and Bacillus subtilis are the sustained manifestation of interactions among the plant, the pathogen, the biocontrol agent, the microbial community on and around the plant and the physical environment and considerably inhibited growth of M. phaseolina. Essential oils and plant extracts contain a multitude of bioactive substances against fungi, bacteria and nematodes. It has been reported that neem oil, turmeric and garlic was effective against M. phaseolina in in vitro condition. Chemical control is an effective method when seed treatment and foliar spray of carbendazim, topsin M-70, captan, thiram, mancozeb, copper oxychloride against root rot and leaf blight (Macrophomina phaseolina) topsin M-70, captan, thiram, mancozeb, copper oxychloride against root rot (Macrophomina phaseolina). As non-chemical alternative methods can be time-consuming and less effective against soilborne plant pathogens. Chemical control is an effective method of controlling some soilborne diseases in agricultural crops. Varoius workers are reported compatibility of biocontrol agents with fungicides and found that Carbendazim and biocontrol agents Trichoderma viride, T. harizianum were found effective under in vitro and pot condition.

scholarly journals Application of Mycorrhizae for Controlling Root Diseases of Sesame

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
El-Sayed Ziedan ◽  
Ibrahim Elewa ◽  
Mostafa Mostafa ◽  
Ahmed Sahab
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizae ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Va Mycorrhizae ◽  
Root Diseases

Application of Mycorrhizae for Controlling Root Diseases of Sesame Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (VAM) was evaluated as a biotic agent for controlling wilt and root-rot diseases of sesame caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. sesami (Zap.) Cast and Macrophomina phaseolina (Moubl) Ashby pathogens can infect sesame plant at any growth stage causing considerable losses of seed yield. Spores of VA mycorrhizae fungi (Glomus spp.) were collected from the soil around the root systems of sesame plants then propagated on roots of Suddan grass (Sorghum vulgare var. sudanese). Under green house and field conditions, two hundreds sporocarps of Glomus spp. were added as a soil drench beside the sesame plant. Glomus spp. (VA mycorrhizae) significantly reduced wilt and root-rot incidence of sesame plants. Lums spp. (VA mycorrhizae) also significantly increased plant morphological characters such as plant height, number of branches and number of pods for each plant. Application of Glomus spp. to protect sesame plants by colonizing the root system, significantly reduced colonization of fungal pathogens in sesame rhizosphere as well as pathogenic activity of fungal pathogens increased lignin contents in the sesame root system were also observed. Furthermore, mycorrhizae treatment provided selective bacterial stimulation for colonization on sesame rhizosphere. These bacteria belonging the Bacillus group showed highly antagonistic potential to fungal pathogens. Application of mycorrhizae together with other biocontrol agent such as Trichoderma viride or Bacillus subtilis significantly effected than individual treatments for controlling these diseases incidences and increasing morphological characters and seed yield of sesame.

In-vivo evaluation of different fungicides, plant extracts, bio-control agents and organics amendments for management of dry root rot of chickpea caused by Macrophomina phaseolina

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalita Lakhran ◽  
R.R. Ahir
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Oil Cakes ◽  
Goat Manure ◽  
Neem Leaf Extract

The present study was planned to evaluate the efficacy of various fungicides, plant extracts, biocontrol agents and oil cakes against Macrophomina phaseolina causing dry root rot of chickpea. Among the tested biocontrol agents against Macrophomina phaseolina, T. viride was found the most effective against the fungus followed by T. harzianum, Bacillus subtalis and P. fluorescens was the least effective in reducing root rot incidence. Among the fungicides carbendazim was found most effective and recorded minimum root rot incidence. Among plant extracts, garlic extract was found most effective in reducing root rot incidence followed by neem leaf extract. In the case of organic amendments, Neem cake was the most effective in reducing the root rot incidence while wool waste and goat manure was found least effective in controlling root rot incidence.

Management of Wilt Complex of Chickpea with Seed Biopriming and Soil Application of Trichoderma spp.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.V. Parmar ◽  
N.M. Gohel
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Chickpea Wilt ◽  
Vigorous Plant ◽  
Seed Biopriming

Background: Chickpea wilt complex caused by several soil-borne pathogens is a serious biotic constraint for chickpea production.Methods: To find out the effective management of the disease through seed biopriming and soil application of biocontrol agents under in vivo and in vitro conditions experiments were carried out during rabi 2018-19 and 2019-20 at Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat.Result: Seed biopriming showed a positive impact producing vigorous plant shoot and root system, besides disease control during in vitro conditions. While under in vivo conditions, the pooled results of two years revealed that seed biopriming for 10 h with the suspension of talc-based formulation (2 x 108 CFU/g) of Trichoderma viride or T. asperellum @ 50 g in 250 ml of water/kg of seed followed by soil application of T. viride or T. asperellum enriched FYM (10g/kg FYM) @ 100 g/m2 of soil found significant for the disease management as well as higher yield. The seed biopriming alone control the disease in the range of 23-34% and increased the yield of chickpea by 23-29%. However, combined applications of seed biopriming as well as soil application significantly control the disease in the range of 51-70% and increased the grain yield by 41-51% over untreated control.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document