scholarly journals Ampicillin & Gentamicin V/S 3rd Generation Cephalosporin for the Management of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children; A Comparative Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Aneel Kumar ◽  
Heena Rais ◽  
Arit Prakash ◽  
Amin Ali ◽  
Sandeep Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Generation Cephalosporin ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Childhood Morbidity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Severe Community Acquired Pneumonia

Background: Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common cause of childhood morbidity, attributed to every 1 in 500 hospitalization of children under the age of 5 years. While science made therapeutic advancements to battle CAP, the pathogens too have acquired resistance to many drugs. In this fight for dominance, Ampicillin plus Gentamicin and 3rd Gen Cephalosporins are nowadays the cornerstone of treatment. However, their efficacy varies in different parts of the world owing to differing levels of drug resistance. Objective: To compare the effect of Ampicillin and Gentamicin vs. third generation cephalosporin in treatment of severe community acquired pneumonia. Methodology: This Randomized Controlled Trial was conducted at the Dept. of Pediatrics (Ziauddin University Hospital) upon a sample of 74 patients (in two equal groups) of either gender, aged 2 months to 5 years, presenting with CAP. After taking written informed consent, data was recorded onto a pre-structured questionnaire containing inquiries pertaining to basic biodata, sociodemographic details, presenting complaints, immunization status of the pneumococcal and HIB vaccine, laboratory values, and treatment outcome. Results: The mean age of the sample stood at 15 months (SD ± 3) with a majority of the sample comprising of male children (52.7%). The mean weight stood at 8.7 kg (SD ± 0.9) and the mean height was recorded to be 74.2 cm (SD ± 11). The commonest symptoms included fever, fast breathing, chest in-drawing and added sounds. It was revealed that both treatments achieved successful treatment outcomes in all patients with no mortality. The resolution of symptoms however varied with faster resolution observed in the Cephalosporin group. Conclusion: After careful consideration, it can be concluded that 3rd generation cephalosporins is more efficacious at treatment of CAP with significantly faster resolution of disease symptoms.

scholarly journals Use of Bladder diary as diagnostic and therapeutic tool for Overactive Bladder

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raheela Mohsin
Keyword(s):  
Overactive Bladder ◽  
Behavioral Intervention ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Bladder Training ◽  
Bladder Diary ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean

Aims: To evaluate use of diary for teaching patient with overactive bladder and see its therapeutic effects in terms of reduction in their symptoms Methods: A single-blind randomized clinical trial, regarding “Effects of Bladder Training and behavioral intervention in Female Patients with Over active Bladder syndrome, attending Urogynecology clinic at The Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi, Pakistan: A Randomized Controlled Trial (OAB) trial” We here present the additional conclusions drawn from results of ARM-1.Arm-1 patients were managed by behavioral intervention only and were asked to fill 7 days diary in 12 weeks .By using WHO software a minimum of 114 women needed to meet the study objectives. We recruited 50 women in each group (150 totals) as there was a possibility of drop out.We calculated the mean difference in fluid intake and reduction in urinary frequency, urgency, nocturia before and after educating the patient using the paired-T Test. Results: A total of 47 women completed follow up visits for overactive bladder treatment ARM-A. (Mean ± SD) Mean fluid intake on first diary was 2392.9 ml while on last diary fluid intake was reduced to 177.1ml with mean fluid intake difference of 621.8ml+622.2(p<0.00).The mean reduction in frequency of micturition during day and nocturia was 2.9+2.7(P<0.00) and 0.59+ 0.99(p<0.00) respectively. The mean decrease in urgency score and reduction in leak accident was 1.19+1.2(p<0.00) and 0.9+0.95(p<0.00) respectively. Conclusions: The bladder diary for women with OAB has both diagnostic and therapeutic effect. In developing countries it is an easy least expensive but time consuming method of treatment for simple cases of OAB.

scholarly journals Marked Reduction in 28-Day Mortality among Elderly Patients with Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Post Hoc Analysis of XueBiJing Injection Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Liu ◽  
Chi Zhang ◽  
Chengyu Li ◽  
Chunxue Bai ◽  
Hongcai Shang
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Improved Outcomes ◽  
Severe Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Favorable Safety ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Case Mortality

Abstract Background There were a few studies on the case mortality of severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in elderly people. Improved outcomes with XueBiJing (XBJ) Injection versus placebo have been shown in overall trial populations. We investigated the efficacy and safety of XBJ versus placebo in subjects with severe CAP stratified by age (<65 and ≥ 65 years). Methods This post hoc analysis of a large randomized trial compared data from elder and nonelderly patients with XBJ, 100 ml, q12h, or a visually indistinguishable placebo for 5-7 days. Results Among subjects ≥65 years (n=291), 23 (16.0%) XBJ recipients and 41 (27.9%) placebo recipients ( P =0.014) died within 28 days. Among subjects <65 years (n=360), XBJ still had lower mortality (XBJ 15.6% verse placebo 22.8%; P =0.082), without significantly statistical difference. Total duration of ICU stay and the time of mechanical ventilation were similar in both groups ( P > 0.05). XBJ also had a favorable safety profile, with no clinically relevant differences between two groups. The overall incidence of adverse events was similar in both groups. Conclusions XBJ was safe and effective for reduction in 28-day mortality among elderly patients with severe CAP. Additional trials involving elderly patients are needed to further confirm the present results.

scholarly journals Trovafloxacin Concentrations in Airway Fluids of Patients with Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 178-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Peleman ◽  
V. Van De Velde ◽  
P. R. Germonpré ◽  
C. Fleurinck ◽  
M. T. Rosseel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Epithelial Lining ◽  
Epithelial Lining Fluid ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Bronchial Secretions ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Severe Community Acquired Pneumonia

ABSTRACT The penetration of trovafloxacin (TVA), 200 mg once daily, into the airways of 17 patients with severe pneumonia was studied. The mean (standard deviations are given in parentheses) steady-state TVA concentrations, 2 h after the last intake, were 3.1 (0.3) mg/liter in induced sputum (n = 8), 3.2 (1.1) mg/liter in bronchial secretions (n = 9), 3.2 (0.9) mg/liter in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (n = 10), and 4.9 (1.4) mg/liter in epithelial lining fluid (n = 11).

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