acetic acid
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2022 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 42-52
Author(s):  
Bhaben Chowardhara ◽  
Bedabrata Saha ◽  
Pankaj Borgohain ◽  
Jay Prakash Awasthi ◽  
Sibashish Kityania ◽  
...  

Plants ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 227
Author(s):  
Arash Hemati ◽  
Hossein Ali Alikhani ◽  
Ladan Ajdanian ◽  
Mehdi Babaei ◽  
Behnam Asgari Lajayer ◽  
...  

Humic acid (HA) is a specific and stable component of humus materials that behaves similarly to growth stimulants, esp. auxin hormones, contributing to improving growth indices and performance of plants. As a rich source of HA, vermicompost (VC) is also a plant growth stimulating bio-fertilizer that can enhance growth indices and performance in plants. The purpose of the present study is to compare the influence of VC enriched with bacterial and/or fertilizer, commercial humic acid (CHA) extract, and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) on improving growth characteristics and performance of rapeseed under greenhouse conditions. The results showed the complete superiority of VC over the CHA and IAA (approximately 8% increase in the dry weights of root and aerial organ and nearly three times increase in seed weight). The highest values of these indices were obtained with VC enriched with Nitrogen, Sulfur, and Phosphorus, Azotobacter chroococcum and Pseudomonas fluorescens; the lowest value was obtained with VC enriched with urea. Additionally, the application of 3% VC and the control involved the highest and lowest values in all traits, respectively. The SPAD (chlorophyll index) value and stem diameter were not significantly affected by different application levels of VC. Overall, the applications of IAA and the CHA were not found to be suitable and therefore not recommended.


2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioana Diaconu ◽  
Oana Cristina Pârvulescu ◽  
Sorina Laura Topală ◽  
Tănase Dobre

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanan Gao ◽  
Qingwei Meng ◽  
Xin Song ◽  
Qianqian Zhao ◽  
Baoming Shi

Abstract Background: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary resveratrol supplementation on growth performance, redox status, inflammatory state, and intestinal function of weaned piglets fed oxidized soybean oils.Methods: A total of twenty-eight castrated weaned male piglets with a similar body weight of 10.19 ±1 kg were randomly assigned to 4 dietary treatments for 28 days feeding trial with 7 replications per treatment and 1 piglet per replicate. Treatments were arranged as a 2×2 factorial with oil type [fresh soybean oils (FSOs) vs. oxidized soybean oils (OSOs)] and dietary resveratrol (RES) (0 vs. 300 mg/kg).Result: Inclusion of OSOs decreased the villus/crypt ratio (VCR), while the villus height (VH) and VCR in the jejunum of weaned piglets was increased by dietary RES (P< 0.05). The activities of lipase, chymotrypsin, and lactase were decreased by OSOs, however dietary RES supplementation increased the activities of lipase, chymotrypsin, lactase, and α-amylase in the jejunum of weaned piglets (P< 0.05). Dietary RES increased the apparent digestibility of crude fat (EE). Dietary RES supplementation in the diets supplemented with OSOs decreased the level of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the plasma of weaned piglets, but failed to influence the IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α level when diets supplemented with FSOs. Dietary RES alleviated the decrease of total-superoxide dismutase activity in the plasma of weaned piglets fed OSOs (P< 0.05). Dietary supplemented with OSOs and RES decreased the level of H2O2 in the plasma of weaned piglets (P< 0.05). RES alleviates the intestinal barrier damage fed OSOs in weaned piglets by increasing the mRNA expression of ZO-1 and Occludin. It is noteworthy that inclusion of OSOs in diets increased the abundance of Actinobacteria, and decreased the abundance of Tenercutes (P< 0.05). RES increased the abundance of Firmicutes, and decreased the abundance of Bacteroidetes (P< 0.05). At the genus level, RES decreased the abundance of Prevotella-1, Prevotellaceae UCG003, and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_6 in the colon. OSOs decreased the level of acetic acid, and dietary RES increased the level of acetic acid and butyric acid in the colon of weaned piglets.Conclusions: Dietary RES supplementation improved the villus-crypt structure, digestive enzyme activities and alleviated OSOs induced digestive absorption disorder. In addition, RES may alleviate OSOs immune status and energy metabolism of weaned piglets by affecting gut microbiota and its metabolite SCFAs. Notably, this positive effect of RES on OSOs may be related to decrease in the abundance of Prevotella_1 and Prevotellaceae_UCG-003.


ACS Omega ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahad A. Alharthi ◽  
Amjad Abdullah Alsyahi ◽  
Saad G. Alshammari ◽  
Hessah A. AL-Abdulkarim ◽  
Amal AlFawaz ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Eleonora Pargoletti ◽  
Luca Rimoldi ◽  
Daniela Meroni ◽  
Giuseppe Cappelletti

2022 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-114
Author(s):  
Nadežda Juristová ◽  
Eleonóra Štefanovová ◽  
Tatiana Ďurčeková ◽  
Naďa Prónayová ◽  
Anton Gatial ◽  
...  

(E)-3-(1-Benzofuran-2-yl)propenoic acid (I) was prepared from 1-benzofuran-2-carbaldehyde under the Doebner’s conditions. The obtained acid was converted to the corresponding azide II, which was cyclized by heating in diphenyl ether to [1]benzofuro[3,2-c]pyridin-1(2H)-one (III). This compound was aromatized with phosphorus oxychloride to chloroderivative IV which was reduced with zinc and acetic acid to the title compound V. [1]Benzofuro[3,2-c]pyridin-2-oxide (VI) was synthesized by reaction of V with 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid in dichloromethane. Treatment VI with benzoyl chloride and potassium cyanide (Reissert-Henze reaction) was shown to produce the corresponding [1]benzofuro[3,2-c]pyridin-1-carbonitrile (VII). The title compound was used for preparation of complex compounds VIII, IX


Molbank ◽  
10.3390/m1315 ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 (1) ◽  
pp. M1315
Author(s):  
Boris V. Lichitsky ◽  
Andrey N. Komogortsev ◽  
Valeriya G. Melekhina

A simple and efficient protocol for the synthesis of the previously unknown 2-(2-(4-methoxyphenyl)furo[3,2-h]quinolin-3-yl)acetic acid was elaborated. The suggested method is based on the telescoped multicomponent reaction of 8-hydroxyquinoline, 4-methylglyoxal, and Meldrum’s acid. The studied process includes the initial interaction of the starting compounds in MeCN followed by intramolecular cyclization to the target product in refluxing acetic acid. The advantage of this approach is the application of readily available starting materials, atom economy, and a simple work-up procedure. The structure of the synthesized furylacetic acid derivative was proven by 1H, 13C, 2D-NMR, IR spectroscopy, and high-resolution mass spectrometry.


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