kinetic effects
Recently Published Documents


TOTAL DOCUMENTS

1052
(FIVE YEARS 120)

H-INDEX

57
(FIVE YEARS 7)

2022 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilian Guillemeney ◽  
Laurent Lermusiaux ◽  
Guillaume Landaburu ◽  
Benoit Wagnon ◽  
Benjamin Abécassis

AbstractSemi-conducting nanoplatelets are two-dimensional nanoparticles whose thickness is in the nanometer range and controlled at the atomic level. They have come up as a new category of nanomaterial with promising optical properties due to the efficient confinement of the exciton in the thickness direction. In this perspective, we first describe the various conformations of these 2D nanoparticles which display a variety of bent and curved geometries and present experimental evidences linking their curvature to the ligand-induced surface stress. We then focus on the assembly of nanoplatelets into superlattices to harness the particularly efficient energy transfer between them, and discuss different approaches that allow for directional control and positioning in large scale assemblies. We emphasize on the fundamental aspects of the assembly at the colloidal scale in which ligand-induced forces and kinetic effects play a dominant role. Finally, we highlight the collective properties that can be studied when a fine control over the assembly of nanoplatelets is achieved.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Brochard ◽  
Jian Bao ◽  
Chang Liu ◽  
Nikolai N Gorelenkov ◽  
Gyungjin Choi ◽  
...  

Abstract Verification and linear validation of the internal kink instability in tokamak have been performed for both gyrokinetic (GTC) and kinetic-MHD codes (GAM-solver, M3D-C1-K, NOVA, XTOR-K). Using realistic magnetic geometry and plasma profiles from the same equilibrium reconstruction of the DIII-D shot #141216, these codes exhibit excellent agreement for the growth rate and mode structure of the internal kink mode when all kinetic effects are suppressed. The simulated radial mode structures, obtained from linear simulations, are in reasonable agreement with the normalised electron cyclotron emission measurement after adjusting, within the experimental uncertainty, the safety factor q=1 flux-surface location in the equilibrium reconstruction. Compressible magnetic perturbations strongly destabilize the kink, while poloidal variations of the equilibrium current density reduce the growth rate of the kink. Furthermore, kinetic effects of thermal ions are found to decrease the kink growth rate in kinetic-MHD simulations, but increase the kink growth rate in gyrokinetic simulations, due to the additional drive of the ion temperature gradient and parallel electric field. Kinetic thermal electrons are found to have negligible effects on the internal kink instability.


Author(s):  
Dóra Bonczidai-Kelemen ◽  
Giuseppe Sciortino ◽  
Nóra V. May ◽  
Eugenio Garribba ◽  
István Fábián ◽  
...  

The novel NiSOD related metallopeptide incorporates penicillamine moiety in the active center which alters both the electronic and kinetic features.


Author(s):  
Robert James Ewart ◽  
Felix I Parra ◽  
Alessandro Geraldini

Abstract The Debye sheath is known to vanish completely in magnetised plasmas for a sufficiently small electron gyroradius and small angle between the magnetic field and the wall. This angle depends on the current onto the wall. When the Debye sheath vanishes, there is still a potential drop between the wall and the plasma across the magnetic presheath. The magnetic field angle corresponding to the predicted sheath collapse is shown to be much smaller than previous estimates, scaling with the electron-ion mass ratio and not with the square root of the mass ratio. This is shown to be a consequence of the kinetic electron and finite ion orbit width effects, which are not captured by fluid models. The wall potential with respect to the bulk plasma at which the Debye sheath vanishes is calculated. Above this wall potential, it is possible that the Debye sheath will invert.


Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1817
Author(s):  
Manuela Nimmervoll ◽  
Gregor Mori ◽  
Edith Bucher ◽  
Alexander Schmid ◽  
Roland Haubner

In several industrial processes, metallic materials suffer from chlorine- and sulfur-induced high-temperature corrosion. In previous studies, several steels have been tested at laboratory scale in a simulated gas atmosphere of a pyrolysis process of anthropogenic resources. In this paper, we propose a model on the course of corrosion in a H2S and HCl-containing atmosphere for N10276, which contains, besides iron, chromium, and nickel, also molybdenum as main alloying element. Bearing in mind the impact of the main alloying elements, as well as thermodynamic considerations and kinetic effects, the corrosion behavior of N10276 in a H2S and HCl-containing atmosphere at 480 °C and 680 °C can be explained. In addition, the corrosion behavior of N10276 is compared with earlier tested Fe-Cr-Ni alloys and differences in the corrosion behavior are stated within this paper.


2021 ◽  
Vol 136 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Power ◽  
S Mijin ◽  
F Militello ◽  
R J Kingham

AbstractUsing the 1D kinetic electron code SOL-KiT, simulations of the divertor tokamak scrape-off layer were carried out to explore the presence of kinetic effects in energy transfer between the ions and electrons. During steady-state conditions, it was found that the ion–electron energy transfer is well described by a fluid model, with only minimal differences seen when electrons are treated kinetically. During transient regimes (featuring a burst of energy into the scrape-off layer), we see evidence of enhanced energy exchange when calculated kinetically as compared to a fluid model. The kinetic correction represents an additional 8–55% ion–electron energy transfer across the domain, depending on the pre-transient plasma collisionality. Compared to the total energy going into the plasma during the transient, the correction is less than 1%, so its impact on plasma profiles may be small. The effect is seen to increase in strength along the domain, peaking in front of the divertor target. The overall discrepancy (integrated along the domain) increases during the transient energy burst and disappears on a similar timescale. However, at the target the effect peaks later and takes several multiples of the transient duration to relax. This effect may be only partially explained by an additional population of cold electrons arising from neutral ionization.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Divyavani Gowda ◽  
Marumi Ohno ◽  
Siddabasave Gowda B. Gowda ◽  
Hitoshi Chiba ◽  
Masashi Shingai ◽  
...  

AbstractInfluenza remains a world-wide health concern, causing 290,000–600,000 deaths and up to 5 million cases of severe illnesses annually. Noticing the host factors that control biological responses, such as inflammatory cytokine secretion, to influenza virus infection is important for the development of novel drugs. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid metabolite and has essential biological functions in inflammation. However, the kinetic effects of influenza virus infection on physiological S1P levels and their signaling in multiple tissues remain unknown. In this study, we utilized a mouse model intranasally infected with 50 or 500 plaque forming units (PFU) of A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1; PR8) virus to investigate how S1P levels and expression of its regulating factors are affected by influenza virus infection by the liquid-chromatography/mass spectrometry and real-time PCR, respectively. The S1P level was significantly high in the plasma of mice infected with 500 PFU of the virus than that in control mice at 6 day-post-infection (dpi). Elevated gene expression of sphingosine kinase-1 (Sphk1), an S1P synthase, was observed in the liver, lung, white adipose tissue, heart, and aorta of infected mice. This could be responsible for the increased plasma S1P levels as well as the decrease in the hepatic S1P lyase (Sgpl1) gene in the infected mice. These results indicate modulation of S1P-signaling by influenza virus infection. Since S1P regulates inflammation and leukocyte migration, it must be worth trying to target this signaling to control influenza-associated symptoms.


2021 ◽  
Vol 232 ◽  
pp. 111547
Author(s):  
Romain Aloy ◽  
Ernesto Sandoval ◽  
Myriam Belmekki ◽  
Yohan Blacodon ◽  
André Nicolle

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document