suspected case
Recently Published Documents


TOTAL DOCUMENTS

519
(FIVE YEARS 232)

H-INDEX

16
(FIVE YEARS 5)

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-71
Author(s):  
Richard Suherlim ◽  
Anak Agung Ayu Putri Laksmidewi ◽  
Sudiarini NKA

Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) or Hereditary Motor and Sensory Neuropathy (HMSN) is the most common hereditary peripheral nerve disease with progressive chronic weakness, muscle atrophy, and sensory disturbances. There are several types and subtypes of CMT with their respective clinical manifestations. In this article, we reported a patient with of CMT type X. A 43-year-old male patient was referred to a neurology clinic with weakness in both limbs for 2 years, accompanied by tingling and sensory disturbance in both hands and feet. There are several of his family members who had similar complaints. Lumbosacral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination revealed mild nucleus pulposus herniation. Electroneuromyography (ENMG) examination revealed demyelinating sensory motor polyneuropathy. Histopathological examination of nerve biopsy showed demyelination of the sural nerve. It is hard to make a diagnosis of CMT, because it requires high suspicion from clinicians once encounter a suspected case and also need to supported by sophisticated equipment such as electrophysiological examinations, nerve biopsy examinations, and genetic examinations. It is vital for clinicians for being able to diagnose CMT correctly and provide treatment as soon as possible in order to maintain the patients’ quality of life.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 643-646
Author(s):  
Naga Karthik Garikaparti ◽  
◽  
Pavankumar Nimmala ◽  
Tata Kamala Priya ◽  
Dharmapuri Jahnavi ◽  
...  

Meckels Diverticulum can present as umbilical cord infection which mimicking an umblical granuloma. A 1 month, old infant had presented with herniated bowel loops, following an ultrasound procedure. The purpose of the report is to highlight on variable presentation of Meckels Diverticulum in a suspected case of umblical granuloma.


2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3494-3497
Author(s):  
Akhtar Ali ◽  
Shahzad Ali ◽  
Naresh Kumar Valecha ◽  
Saeed Ahmed Khan

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are one of common clinical condition encountered in various clinical settings. This the most common infection, typically diagnosed on the basis history and clinical examination endorsed by urine analysis and culture sensitivity. Timely diagnosis and treatment are crucial in management. For diagnosis of UTI, Urine culture is standard, as it provide detail information for urinary pathogens, but it has certain disadvantages e.g. urine culture is costly, takes longer time, and up to 60-80% of the results are negative. Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of urinalysis (Urine DR) in detection of urinary tract infection (UTI) among suspected cases of UTI by taking urine culture as gold standard. Materials And Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted at study was conducted at Department of Urology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre (JPMC) Karachi, from march 2021 to September 2021. All patients who visited to JPMC Karachi and fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in the study after getting Informed consent. All patients were evaluated by urinalysis and urine culture. The results of urinalyses were recorded and compared with the results obtained on subsequent urine cultures. All of the specimens were obtained by the “clean-catch” method. All data and results were recorded on proforma and used electronically for research purpose. Results: Mean ± SD of age was 52.6±8.5 years. In distribution of gender, 60 (53.1%) patients were male while 53 (46.9%) were female patients. Diagnostic accuracy of urinalysis was 73.45% in diagnosis of urinary tract infection with sensitivity 76.47%, specificity 72.15% PPV 54.17% and NPV was found to be 87.69% by using urine culture findings as gold standard. Conclusion: It is to be concluded that evaluating of urinary tract infection (UTI) with urinalysis (Urine DR) did not prove helpful and comparable to urine culture. Urine culture should be done in each and every suspected case of UTI. Keywords: Bacteriuria, Diagnostic Accuracy, Sensitivity, Specificity, Urinalysis


Author(s):  
Manil Subesinghe ◽  
Shaheel Bhuva ◽  
Joel T Dunn ◽  
Alexander Hammers ◽  
Gary J Cook ◽  
...  

Objectives: To describe the findings of incidental asymptomatic COVID-19 infection on FDG PET-CT using a case-control design. Methods: Incidental pulmonary findings suspicious of asymptomatic COVID-19 infection on FDG PET-CT were classified as a confirmed (positive RT-PCR test) or suspected case (no/negative RT-PCR test). Control cases were identified using a 4:1 control:case ratio. Pulmonary findings were re-categorised by two reporters using the BSTI classification. SUV metrics in ground glass opacification (GGO)/consolidation (where present), background lung, intrathoracic nodes, liver, spleen, and bone marrow were measured. Results: 7/9 confirmed and 11/15 suspected cases (COVID-19 group) were re-categorised as BSTI 1 (classic/probable COVID-19) or BSTI 2 (indeterminate COVID-19); 0/96 control cases were categorised as BSTI 1. Agreement between two reporters using the BSTI classification was almost perfect (weighted κ = 0.94). SUVmax GGO/consolidation (5.1 vs 2.2; p < 0.0001) and target-to-background ratio, normalised to liver SUVmean(2.4 vs 1.0; p < 0.0001) were higher in the BSTI 1 & two group vs BSTI 3 (non-COVID-19) cases. SUVmax GGO/consolidation discriminated between the BSTI 1 & two group and BSTI 3 (non-COVID-19) cases with high accuracy (AUC = 0.93). SUV metrics were higher (p < 0.05) in the COVID-19 group vs control cases in the lungs, intrathoracic nodes, and spleen. Conclusion: Asymptomatic COVID-19 infection on FDG PET-CT is characterised by bilateral areas of FDG avid (intensity > x2 liver SUVmean) GGO/consolidation and can be identified with high interobserver agreement using the BSTI classification. There is generalised background inflammation within the lungs, intrathoracic nodes, and spleen. Advances in knowledge: Incidental asymptomatic COVID-19 infection on FDG PET-CT, characterised by bilateral areas of ground glass opacification and consolidation, can be identified with high reproducibility using the BSTI classification. The intensity of associated FDG uptake (>x2 liver SUVmean) provides high discriminative ability in differentiating such cases from pulmonary findings in a non-COVID-19 pattern. Asymptomatic COVID-19 infection causes a generalised background inflammation within the mid-lower zones of the lungs, hilar and central mediastinal nodal stations, and spleen on FDG PET-CT. A case-control evaluation of pulmonary and extrapulmonary findings of incidental asymptomatic COVID-19 infection on FDG PET-CT.


Author(s):  
Emilia A. Isolauri ◽  
Peter Zettinig ◽  
Niina Nummela

AbstractBy conducting a qualitative single case study, we have depicted in this study a suspected case of international money laundering in Finland, and described its consequences in terms of policy changes. The case allowed us to investigate how new anti-money laundering policies emerge over time and thus advance knowledge relevant to formulating effective international business policies. Building on institutional heterogeneity and the co-evolutionary nature of change, we have proposed a new framework depicting emerging international compliance in order to promote understanding of this complex, yet dynamic phenomenon. The literature repeatedly highlights the role of formal policies in mitigating international money laundering, however, we have paid additional attention to unethical business practices and the moral aspect recognised to be important in terms of curbing the problem. This is particularly relevant for MNCs, as they can aid institutional change internationally by spreading ‘company best practices’. We also present the managerial and policy implications of solving moral problems related to money laundering from the perspective of governments, society and organisations.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-332
Author(s):  
Humera Qudsia Fatima Ansari ◽  
Lubna Saher ◽  
Mustafa Afzal

: Blood cultures are a proven gold standard method for the identification of causative agents of bloodstream infections. Identification of causative organism along with antibiotic susceptibility plays a pivotal role in proposing suitable antibiotic therapy. Automated blood culture systems show improved monitoring of blood cultures by reducing the time and by ensuring more accurate results when compared to the conventional blood culture system. To isolate the organism from given blood samples of a suspected case of septicemia and to compare the results of conventional and automated blood culture systems and to study the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the pathogens isolated. A prospective study of 6 months period was conducted among 100 subjects attending the Department of Microbiology in a tertiary care hospital. Subjects with symptoms and signs of septicemia were included. 25ml of venous blood was drawn aseptically from the venipuncture site, of which 5ml of blood was inoculated into 50ml of Brain Heart Infusion bottle in conventional blood culture system and 10ml each into aerobic and anaerobic BACTEC PLUS bottle in Automated blood culture system BACTEC FX40. Overall, 48% and 60% of the samples revealed positive growth by the conventional and automated blood culture system BACTEC FX40, respectively. Gram Positive Cocci were 52.08% and Gram Negative Bacilli were 47.91% isolated by conventional blood culture system, whereas automated blood culture system BACTEC FX40 isolated 45% and 55%, respectively. Isolates were detected within 24-48hrs and 12-24 hrs by conventional and automated blood culture systems, respectively. The anti-microbial susceptibility pattern of the pathogens isolated was also recorded by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method of antimicrobial susceptiblity testing. Automated blood culture systems are a trustworthy substitute to conventional blood culture systems. The automated blood culture systems being more sensitive and rapid in detecting septicemia in subjects acts as an appropriate means for the initial identification and detection of blood pathogens and improved provision of antimicrobial therapeutic options for septic Patients especially in Critical Care and Intensive Care Units where positive culture reporting is crucial.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-307
Author(s):  
Hetvi Chawda ◽  
Chandani Surani ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar ◽  
Meghana Chauhan ◽  
Ashok Kumar Ramanuj ◽  
...  

In India, Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major community health problems.Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is a respiratory disease. Causative organism for this is acid fast bacilli known as . It is the most ordinary disease affecting the lower socio-economic class in developing countries. Microbiological diagnosis is the heart for the effective treatment of pulmonary TB (PTB). The look forrapid and efficient method has resulted in several staining techniques. Objective of the study was to compare the results of ZN stain (RNTCP) with fluorescent stain by use of microscopy. The study was carried out in Microbiology Department, SMCGH, Amreli. 350 sputum samples (Spot and early morning sample) collected from 175 suspected case of the pulmonary tuberculosis. All 350 samples were processed by ZN stain and Fluorescent stain to detect acid fast bacilli. By use of microscope, the results of the stained smears were given according to RNTCP guideline.Out of 350 sputum smears, 52 (14.85%) and 61 (17.4%) were positive by ZN and FM staining respectively. Males are predominantly affected than females. Majority of the patients were in age above 50 years. Early morning samples were more reliable than spot samples for detection of acid fast bacilli for ZN stain, but not for fluorescent stain.Fluorescent staining with LED microscopy was more efficient than ZN staining for detection of acid fast bacilli from sputum smear.


Author(s):  
Nova Pramestuti ◽  
Ihda Zuyina Ratna Sari ◽  
Endang Setiyani ◽  
Ulfah Farida Trisnawati ◽  
Eva Lestari ◽  
...  

Purbalingga is one of the chikungunya endemic districts which have cases increased until April in 2021 as many as 512 cases from the previous 116 cases in 2020. One of the areas of the increasing case occurred in Kajongan Village, Bojongsari Subdistrict. This study aims were to describe chikungunya cases, identify sources of transmission, and risk factors for increased chikungunya cases. A case-control design was performed in Kajongan Village in March 2021. The sample consisted of 36 cases and 36 controls. Cases are patients with suspected chikungunya, controls are people who are not chikungunya suspects who live close to the suspected case. Data was collected by blood specimen collection, larvae survey, interviews and examination using Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction. The results showed that the peak of case transmission occurred in the fourth week of February 2021. The main symptoms are fever and joint pain. Of the 21 blood samples examined, 19 (90.5%) tested positive for Chikungunya virus. Of the 9 pools Aedes sp. analyzed, 1 pool tested also positive Chikungunya virus. Chi-square analysis showed that the presence of larvae in container (p-value=0.03; OR=3.5; 95% CI=0.953-24.746) and mosquito nest eradication has not carried out routinely (p-value=0.04; OR=4.8; 95% CI=0.953-24.746) have been identified as a potential risk factor. The increasing of chikungunya cases in Kajongan Village was a local transmission supported by Chikungunya virus was detected in mosquitoes.


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. Munday ◽  
Richard Pebody ◽  
Katherine E. Atkins ◽  
Albert Jan van Hoek

Abstract Background Higher incidence of and risk of hospitalisation and death from Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 during the 2009 pandemic was reported in ethnic minority groups in many high-income settings including in the United Kingdom (UK). Many of these studies rely on geographical and temporal aggregation of cases and can be difficult to interpret due to the spatial and temporal factors in outbreak spread. Further, it can be challenging to distinguish between disparities in health outcomes caused by variation in transmission risk or disease severity. Methods We used anonymised laboratory confirmed and suspected case data, classified by ethnicity and deprivation status, to evaluate how disparities in risk between socio-economic and ethnic groups vary over the early stages of the 2009 Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 epidemic in Birmingham and London, two key cities in the emergence of the UK epidemic. We evaluated the relative risk of infection in key ethnic minority groups and by national and city level deprivation rank. Results We calculated higher incidence in more deprived areas and in people of South Asian ethnicity in both Birmingham and London, although the magnitude of these disparities reduced with time. The clearest disparities existed in school-aged children in Birmingham, where the most deprived fifth of the population was 2.8 times more likely to be infected than the most affluent fifth of the population. Conclusions Our analysis shows that although disparities in reported cases were present in the early phase of the Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 outbreak in both Birmingham and London, they vary substantially depending on the period over which they are measured. Further, the development of disparities suggest that clustering of social groups play a key part as the outbreak appears to move from one ethnic and socio-demographic group to another. Finally, high incidence and large disparities between children indicate that they may hold an important role in driving inequalities.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document