magnetic suspension
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Author(s):  
Min Dai ◽  
Zi-Wei Zhang ◽  
Md Mehedi Hassan Dorjoy ◽  
Li Zeng

In this paper, in order to reduce the influence of vibration and noise generated by the motor in rock cotton centrifuges on the quality of the output fiber and the damage to the operator’s hearing, it is meaningful to analyze and optimize the vibration and noise. A high-speed magnetic suspension motor is proposed for the rock cotton centrifuge in the paper. First, the motor model is established in Maxwell, the radial force density wave distributed in the air gap is calculated by the field solver, the main harmonic source is analyzed according to its FFT decomposition graph, and then the optimization scheme of short-range double-layer winding is determined. Second, the optimization scheme is analyzed in modal mode and harmonious response, and the vibration response spectrum of the motor stator is obtained. Finally, the electromagnetic noise characteristics of the motor are obtained through ANSYS acoustics simulation. The results show that the optimized motor noise has a reasonable level under the premise of ensuring electromagnetic performance.


Author(s):  
Wentao Xia ◽  
Zhiqiang Long ◽  
Fengshan Dou

A magnetic suspension and balance system (MSBS) is a kind of aerodynamic test equipment for aircraft. It uses levitation control technology to replace the mechanical support and strain measurement technology in traditional wind tunnel balance. It has the advantage of no model support to interfere with the wind tunnel flow field and make the test environment more realistic, but the MSBS has technical difficulties to be solved. It is difficult to control and stabilize because it has a large suspension gap, nonlinear magnetic field, a long-acting distance of magnetic force, and uses a visual sensor to feedback the position of the controlled object that it has signal noise. At present, there are few studies on the suspension control method and suspension performance of MSBS. In this paper, in order to solve the above technical difficulties, the vertical control of the MSBS is taken as the research object, the electromagnetic field of the vertical coil is modeled and analyzed. A new control algorithm based on a fast-tracking differentiator (FTD) is proposed to solve the signal noise problem in MSBS. The influence of various factors in the control link on the suspension system is analyzed, and its optimization is carried out to improve the performance of the suspension system.


2021 ◽  
pp. 29-44
Author(s):  
N A Abu Osman ◽  
A Eshraghi

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 7229
Author(s):  
Shengguo Zhao ◽  
Liang Ding ◽  
Yun Ruan ◽  
Bin Bai ◽  
Zegang Qiu ◽  
...  

The maximum gasification rate of corn stalk char (CSC) appeared at high conversion range, and its quite different gasification behaviors from other carbonaceous materials are all derived from the catalytic effect of alkali and alkali earth metals (AAEMs), so it is necessary to study the effect of AAEMs and gasification kinetics of such biomass char. However, there are few systematic discussions about this effect and kinetic modeling. Thus, in this study, CSC samples were prepared in a fast pyrolysis fixed-bed reactor, and its gasification experiments were conducted on a pressurized magnetic suspension balance at various total pressures (0.1–0.7 MPa), steam concentrations (10–70 vol.%) and temperatures (725–900 °C). Moreover, a water-leached CSC (H2O-CSC) was also prepared to evaluate the impact of AAEMs on the gasification performance of CSC, and some well-known models were adopted to describe the gasification behaviors. On the basis of these results, the effect of primary AAEMs on the gasification behaviors of CSC and gasification kinetic modeling were obtained. Results showed total pressure had no obvious influence on the gasification rate of CSC, and the reaction order varied at 0.43–0.55 with respect to steam partial pressures. In addition, the modified random pore model (MRPM) and Langmuir–Hinshelwood (L-H) model were satisfactorily applied to predict the gasification behaviors of CSC. The catalytic effect of AAEMs on CSC gasification was weakened due to water-leaching treatment. A random pore model (RPM) could describe the gasification behavior of H2O-CSC well, followed by grain model (GM) and volumetric model (VM).


2021 ◽  
Vol 2094 (5) ◽  
pp. 052047
Author(s):  
O A Kolenchukov ◽  
E A Kozhukhov ◽  
E A Petrovsky ◽  
V V Bukhtoyarov ◽  
V A Kachaeva

Abstract In almost every mechanical system, moving mechanisms slide over stationary parts, creating friction and, as a result, unwanted energy losses. In engineering, sliding or rolling bearings are most often used as supports. However, any system can benefit from a greater reduction in friction between components. As will be shown in this article, the stability problem can be solved by blocking vibrations in the radial direction. The latest technological advances in the field of manufacturing magnetic materials make it possible to integrate magnetic bearings with permanent magnetization (hereinafter - MBPM) into a larger number of mechanical systems. This blocking of radial movement is carried out without the use of a mechanical sliding bearing, chosen for its simplicity and ease of integration. To facilitate the integration of the MBPM into the overall system of the device, it is important to know the mechanical properties of magnetic bearings, namely stiffness and damping, as well as the performance characteristics and limits of their operation. This article examines the possibility of using an adaptive damper in centrifugal pumps to ensure the technological reliability of the equipment. Alternating permanent magnets in the direction of their movement is the most optimal option, leading to large and smooth hysteresis loops of force - displacement. The proposed arrangement of magnets ensures the adaptability of the device with the determination of its optimal size, and also takes into account the edge and surface effects in the design of the damper. In addition, the article discusses theoretical and technical issues of levitation - free floating of bodies. Magnetic suspension can be used to study only those processes where mechanical connections are undesirable. The use of magnetic suspension for balancing centrifugal pumps during transportation of biomass processing products, supports of mixing devices in reactors in biomass processing reactors and other machine components opens up wide opportunities.


Machines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
Peng Shen ◽  
Yiwen Wang ◽  
Yun Chen ◽  
Pengqiang Fu ◽  
Lijie Zhou ◽  
...  

Rotor suspension stability is one of the important performance indexes of a blood pump and the basis of determining whether the blood pump can be used in a clinic. Compared with the traditional magnetic suspension system, a single-winding, bearingless motor has the advantages of a compact structure, simple control system and low power consumption. In this pursuit, the present study aimed to envisage and design the magnetic suspension system coupled with a single-winding bearingless motor and permanent magnet bearings, establish the theoretical models of axial force and electromagnetic torque, and calculate the stiffness of the magnetic suspension system at the equilibrium point. Addressing the problem of the negative axial stiffness of the magnetic suspension system being negative, which leads to the instability of the suspension rotor, the hydrodynamic bearing structure was proposed and designed, and the critical stiffness to realize the stable suspension of the rotor was obtained based on the stability criterion of the rotor dynamics model. The optimal structural parameters of the hydrodynamic bearing are selected by integrating various factors based on the solution of the Reynolds equation and a stiffness analysis. Furthermore, the vibration experiment results proved that the blood pump rotor exhibited a good suspension stability, and the maximum offset under the impact external fluid was no more than 2 μm.


Aerospace ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 304
Author(s):  
Dong-Kyu Lee

The magnetic suspension and balance system (MSBS) uses magnetic force and moment to precisely control the movement of the test object located at the center of the test section without mechanical contact, and at the same time measure the external force acting on the test object. If such an MSBS is installed around the test section of the wind tunnel so that the position and attitude angle of the test object follow the harmonic function, various vibration tests can be performed on structures subjected to aerodynamic loads without the influence of the mechanical support. Because the control force and moment in the MSBS is generated by a number of electromagnets located around the test section, it is necessary to apply the adaptive control algorithm to the position and attitude control system so that the experiment can be carried out stably despite the sudden performance change of each electromagnet and electric power supply. In this study, a fault-tolerant position and attitude angle control system was designed through an adaptive control algorithm, and the effectiveness was verified through simulation under the condition that the electric power supply of MSBS failed.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 9027
Author(s):  
Giovanni Ottavio Delle Monache ◽  
Maria Elisa Tata ◽  
Girolamo Costanza ◽  
Claudia Cavalieri

The present research investigates the application of a cardan suspension making use of permanent magnet (PM) bearings employed to obtain high reliable/low-cost solutions for the permanent alignment of directional payloads such as laser reflectors for the Next Generation Lunar Retroreflector (NGLR) experiment or antennas to be deployed on the moon’s surface. According to Earnshaw’s Theorem, it is not possible to fully stabilize an object using only a stationary magnetic field. It is also necessary to provide axial control of the shaft since the PM bearings support the radial load but, they produce an unstable axial force when losing alignment between the stator and rotor magnets stack. In this work, the use of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) sapphire as axial bearings in the cardan suspension has been investigated by testing their behavior in response to some of the dynamic loads experienced during the qualification tests for space missions. The work is innovative in the sense that COTS sapphire assembly has never been investigated for space mission qualification. As Artemis mission loads have not been yet provided for NGLR, test loads for this study are those used for the proto-qualification of the INFN INRRI payload for the ESA ExoMars EDM mission. Tests showed that, along the x and y directions, no damages were produced on the sapphire, while, unfortunately, on the z direction both sapphires were badly damaged at nominal loads.


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