probiotic properties
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Author(s):  
Evgeniya V. Prazdnova ◽  
Maria S. Mazanko ◽  
Vladimir A. Chistyakov ◽  
Anna A. Bogdanova ◽  
Aleksandr G. Refeld ◽  
...  

Fermentation ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Seonyoung Kim ◽  
Ji Yeon Lee ◽  
Yulah Jeong ◽  
Chang-Ho Kang

Oxidative stress, which can cause imbalance in the body by damaging cells and tissues, arises from the immoderate production of reactive oxygen species (ROS)/reactive nitrogen species (RNS). Therefore, external supplements having antioxidant activity are required for reducing oxidative stress. In our study, we investigated DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging ability, and the inhibition effect on the nitric oxide (NO) production of 15 food-derived bacterial strains in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells. Among these LAB strains, eight strains with an excellent inhibition effect on NO production were selected through comparisons within the same genera. Moreover, the selected strains, including Leuconostoc mesenteroides MG860, Leu. citreum MG210, Pediococcus acidilactici MG5001, P. pentosaceus MG5078, Weissella cibaria MG5090, Levilactobacillus brevis MG5306, Latilactobacillus curvatus MG5020, and Latilactobacillus sakei MG5048 diminished the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)/cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression. In addition, the stability and adhesion ability of the eight LAB strains in the gastrointestinal tract were determined. In conclusion, the selected strains have potential as new probiotics with antioxidant effects.


2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erola Astó ◽  
Pol Huedo ◽  
Tatiana Altadill ◽  
Meritxell Aguiló García ◽  
Maura Sticco ◽  
...  

Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are a common concern during the first year of life. Recognized as gut-brain axis disorders by Rome IV criteria, FGIDs etiology is linked to altered gut-brain interaction, intestinal physiology, and microbiota. In this regard, probiotics have emerged as a promising therapy for infant FGIDs. In this study, we have investigated the probiotic potential of the strains Bifidobacterium longum KABP042 and Pediococcus pentosaceus KABP041—isolated from healthy children’s feces—in the treatment of FGIDs. To this scope, genome sequences of both strains were obtained and subjected to in silico analyses. No virulence factors were detected for any strain and only the non-transferable erm(49) gene, which confers resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin, was identified in the genome of B. longum KABP042. Safety of both strains was confirmed by acute oral toxicity in rats. In vitro characterization revealed that the strains tolerate gastric and bile challenges and display a great adhesion capacity to human intestinal cells. The two strains mediate adhesion by different mechanisms and, when combined, synergically induce the expression of Caco-2 tight junction proteins. Moreover, growth inhibition experiments demonstrated the ability of the two strains alone and in combination to antagonize diverse Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial pathogens during sessile and planktonic growth. Pathogens’ inhibition was mostly mediated by the production of organic acids, but neutralization experiments strongly suggested the presence of additional antimicrobial compounds in probiotic culture supernatants such as the bacteriocin Lantibiotic B, whose gene was detected in the genome of B. longum KABP042. Finally, an exploratory, observational, pilot study involving 36 infants diagnosed with at least one FGID (infant colic and/or functional constipation) showed the probiotic formula was well tolerated and FGID severity was significantly reduced after 14 days of treatment with the 2 strains. Overall, this work provides evidence of the probiotic and synergic properties of strains B. longum KABP042 and P. pentosaceus KABP041, and of their potential to treat pediatric FGIDs.Clinical Trial Registration: [www.ClinicalTrials.gov], [identifier NCT04944628].


2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiseul Kim ◽  
Seung-Min Yang ◽  
Dayoung Kim ◽  
Hae-Yeong Kim

Lacticaseibacillus casei, Lacticaseibacillus chiayiensis, and Lacticaseibacillus zeae are very closely related Lacticaseibacillus species. L. casei has long been proposed as a probiotic, whereas studies on functional characterization for L. chiayiensis and L. zeae are some compared to L. casei. In this study, L. casei FBL6, L. chiayiensis FBL7, and L. zeae FBL8 were isolated from raw milk, and their probiotic properties were investigated. Genomic analysis demonstrated the role of L. chiayiensis and L. zeae as probiotic candidates. The three strains were tolerant to acid and bile salt, with inhibitory action against pathogenic bacterial strains and capacity of antioxidants. Complete genome sequences of the three strains were analyzed to highlight the probiotic properties at the genetic level, which results in the discovery of genes corresponding to phenotypic characterization. Moreover, genes known to confer probiotic characteristics were identified, including genes related to biosynthesis, defense machinery, adhesion, and stress adaptation. The comparative genomic analysis with other available genomes revealed 256, 214, and 32 unique genes for FBL6, FBL7, and FBL8, respectively. These genomes contained individual genes encoding proteins that are putatively involved in carbohydrate transport and metabolism, prokaryotic immune system for antiviral defense, and physiological control processes. In particular, L. casei FBL6 had a bacteriocin gene cluster that was not present in other genomes of L. casei, resulting in this strain may exhibit a wide range of antimicrobial activity compared to other L. casei strains. Our data can help us understand the probiotic functionalities of the three strains and suggest that L. chiayiensis and L. zeae species, which are closely related to L. casei, can also be considered as novel potential probiotic candidate strains.


PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0262317
Author(s):  
Giovana S. Slanzon ◽  
Benjamin J. Ridenhour ◽  
Dale A. Moore ◽  
William M. Sischo ◽  
Lindsay M. Parrish ◽  
...  

Gastrointestinal disease (GI) is the most common illness in pre-weaned dairy calves. Studies have associated the fecal microbiome composition with health status, but it remains unclear how the microbiome changes across different levels of GI disease and breeds. Our objective was to associate the clinical symptoms of GI disease with the fecal microbiome. Fecal samples were collected from calves (n = 167) of different breeds (Holstein, Jersey, Jersey-cross and beef-cross) from 4–21 d of age. Daily clinical evaluations assessed health status. Calves with loose or watery feces were diagnosed with diarrhea and classified as bright-sick (BS) or depressed-sick (DS) according to behavior. Calves with normal or semiformed feces and no clinical illness were classified as healthy (H). One hundred and three fecal samples were obtained from consistently healthy calves and 64 samples were from calves with diarrhea (n = 39 BS; n = 25 DS). The V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA gene was sequenced and analyzed. Differences were identified by a linear-mixed effects model with a negative binomial error. DS and Jersey calves had a higher relative abundance of Streptococcus gallolyticus relative to H Holstein calves. In addition, DS calves had a lower relative abundance of Bifidobacterium longum and an enrichment of Escherichia coli. Species of the genus Lactobacillus, such as an unclassified Lactobacillus, Lactobacillus reuteri, and Lactobacillus salivarius were enriched in calves with GI disease. Moreover, we created a model to predict GI disease based on the fecal microbiome composition. The presence of Eggerthella lenta, Bifidobacterium longum, and Collinsella aerofaciens were associated with a healthy clinical outcome. Although lactobacilli are often associated with beneficial probiotic properties, the presence of E. coli and Lactobacillus species had the highest coefficients positively associated with GI disease prediction. Our results indicate that there are differences in the fecal microbiome of calves associated with GI disease severity and breed specificities.


2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Els van der Goot ◽  
Stefanie N. Vink ◽  
Danique van Vliet ◽  
Francjan J. van Spronsen ◽  
Joana Falcao Salles ◽  
...  

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a metabolic disorder caused by a hepatic enzyme deficiency causing high blood and brain levels of the amino acid Phenylalanine (Phe), leading to severe cognitive and psychological deficits that can be prevented, but not completely, by dietary treatment. The behavioral outcome of PKU could be affected by the gut-microbiome-brain axis, as diet is one of the major drivers of the gut microbiome composition. Gut-microbiome alterations have been reported in treated patients with PKU, although the question remains whether this is due to PKU, the dietary treatment, or their interaction. We, therefore, examined the effects of dietary Phe restriction on gut-microbiome composition and relationships with behavioral outcome in mice. Male and female BTBR Pahenu2 mice received either a control diet (normal protein, “high” Phe), liberalized Phe-restricted (33% natural protein restriction), or severe Phe-restricted (75% natural protein restriction) diet with protein substitutes for 10 weeks (n = 14 per group). Their behavioral performance was examined in an open field test, novel and spatial object location tests, and a balance beam. Fecal samples were collected and sequenced for the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) region. Results indicated that PKU on a high Phe diet reduced Shannon diversity significantly and altered the microbiome composition compared with wild-type animals. Phe-restriction prevented this loss in Shannon diversity but changed community composition even more than the high-Phe diet, depending on the severity of the restriction. Moreover, on a taxonomic level, we observed the highest number of differentially abundant genera in animals that received 75% Phe-restriction. Based on correlation analyses with differentially abundant taxa, the families Entereococacceae, Erysipelotrichaceae, Porphyromonadaceae, and the genus Alloprevotella showed interesting relationships with either plasma Phe levels and/or object memory. According to our results, these bacterial taxa could be good candidates to start examining the microbial metabolic potential and probiotic properties in the context of PKU. We conclude that PKU leads to an altered gut microbiome composition in mice, which is least severe on a liberalized Phe-restricted diet. This may suggest that the current Phe-restricted diet for PKU patients could be optimized by taking dietary effects on the microbiome into account.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (11 (114)) ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
Shakir Aliyev ◽  
Musfiq Khalilov ◽  
Rasim Saidov ◽  
Gabil Mammadov ◽  
Gahira Allahverdiyeva

Some vegetables and fruits are indispensable for the production of a wide range of food, juice and confectionery products, because of their chemical composition and biochemical properties. One of the factors hindering their widespread use in the food industry is the insufficient study of their functional and probiotic properties in the mentioned technological areas. The mechanical properties (approximated dependence, standard deviation, and limit stresses) of the carrot varieties Nantes-5 NABA and Chantenay-2461 intended for juice production have been studied. The enzymatic hydrolysis parameters have been determined based on the parameters of the optimal effect of enzyme preparations. As a result of experimental studies, by determining the extreme loads of squeezing and crushing carrots, the power consumption for grinding carrots was determined. The structure of the carrot pulp was revealed. The highest juice out yield put was observed in the Nantes-5 NABA variety. To increase the juice yield from the pulp, maceration was applied and parameters of enzymatic hydrolysis were determined. Complex two-stage mechanical grinding allowed the production of juice with high organoleptic properties. Antioxidant activity was determined before and after the maceration of carrots. The mode and parameters of the juice production technology were corrected during the research. Ready-made pulpy juice samples were tasted and evaluated. The safety of carrot puree during storage has been verified by analytical research data.


Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Jasna Novak ◽  
Katarina Butorac ◽  
Andreja Leboš Pavunc ◽  
Martina Banić ◽  
Ana Butorac ◽  
...  

This study aimed to define a consortium of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) that will bring added value to dried fresh cheese through specific probiotic properties and the synthesis of bioactive peptides (biopeptides). The designed LAB consortium consisted of three Lactobacillus strains: S-layer carrying Levilactobacillus brevis D6, exopolysaccharides producing Limosilactobacillus fermentum D12 and plantaricin expressing Lactiplantibacillus plantarum D13, and one Enterococcus strain, Enterococcus faecium ZGZA7-10. Chosen autochthonous LAB strains exhibited efficient adherence to the Caco-2 cell line and impacted faecal microbiota biodiversity. The cheese produced by the LAB consortium showed better physicochemical, textural and sensory properties than the cheese produced by a commercial starter culture. Liquid chromatography coupled with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MALDI-TOF/TOF) showed the presence of 18 specific biopeptides in dried fresh cheeses. Their identification and relative quantification was confirmed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). The results also showed that their synthesis resulted mainly from β-casein and also α-S1 casein degradation by proteolytic activities of the LAB consortium. The designed LAB consortium enhanced the functional value of the final product through impact on biopeptide concentrations and specific probiotic properties.


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