catalyst precursor
Recently Published Documents


TOTAL DOCUMENTS

521
(FIVE YEARS 58)

H-INDEX

47
(FIVE YEARS 6)

Author(s):  
I. I. Mukhamatdinov ◽  
◽  
E. E. Giniyatullina ◽  
R. E. Mukhamatdinova ◽  
O. V. Slavkina ◽  
...  

The article examines the aquathermolysis process of high viscosity oil from Strelovskoe field developed by RITEK LLC using steam injection. Laboratory modeling of non-catalytic and catalytic aquathermolysis in a high-pressure reactor was performed. Laboratory tests have demonstrated the high efficiency of the iron-based oil-soluble catalyst developed at Kazan Federal University in the destruction reactions of resinous asphaltenes. Samples of the initial oil as well as products of non-catalytic and catalytic aquathermolysis in the presence of iron tallate and the solvent Asphalt-Resin-Paraffin Deposits were studied at temperatures of 200, 250 and 300°C for 24 hours. In addition, the gas composition of the oil aquathermolysis products and the viscosity-temperature characteristics of the oil samples were determined. The studies have shown that catalytic aquathermolysis has a significant effect on the changes in the composition and properties of oil from the Strelovskoe field. It was found that the presence of a catalyst contributes to decarboxylation reactions, increases the degree of desulfurization and decreases the viscosity of oil samples. Keywords: high-viscosity oil; aquathermolysis; catalyst precursor; steam thermal treatment; viscosity.


2021 ◽  
Vol 912 (1) ◽  
pp. 012022
Author(s):  
Iriany ◽  
Taslim ◽  
O Bani ◽  
H L M Purba

Abstract A biomass based low-cost catalyst production has been attempted. This study evaluated papaya seeds as the catalyst precursor for biodiesel synthesis. Dried papaya seed powder was calcined at 500°C for 3 hours to produce papaya seed ash. Then, papaya seed ash was applied as catalyst for transesterification of palm oil and methanol. Catalyst load and reaction time was varied. Papaya seed ash was analyzed by SEM-EDX and biodiesel physical properties was analyzed according to the European standards (EN 14214). SEM-EDX results indicated that papaya seed ash contains a number of minerals such as K2O, MgO and CaO which can function as catalysts in biodiesel synthesis. The produced biodiesel also met European standards. Highest biodiesel yield of 95.6% was obtained for reaction temperature of 60°C, reaction time of 2 hours, catalyst load of 2%, methanol to oil ratio of 12:1. Preliminary research revealed that PSA may be applied as a catalyst in biodiesel synthesis.


ACS Omega ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vamsi Krishna Reddy Kondapalli ◽  
Xingyu He ◽  
Mahnoosh Khosravifar ◽  
Safa Khodabakhsh ◽  
Boyce Collins ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey V. Vakhin ◽  
Irek I. Mukhamatdinov ◽  
Firdavs A. Aliev ◽  
Dmitriy F. Feoktistov ◽  
Sergey A. Sitnov ◽  
...  

Abstract A nickel-based catalyst precursor has been synthesized for in-situ upgrading of heavy crude oil that is capable of increasing the efficiency of steam stimulation techniques. The precursor activation occurs due to the decomposition of nickel tallate under hydrothermal conditions. The aim of this study is to analyze the efficiency of in-situ catalytic upgrading of heavy oil from laboratory scale experiments to the field-scale implementation in Boca de Jaruco reservoir. The proposed catalytic composition for in-reservoir chemical transformation of heavy oil and natural bitumen is composed of oil-soluble nickel compound and organic hydrogen donor solvent. The nickel-based catalytic composition in laboratory-scale hydrothermal conditions at 300°С and 90 bars demonstrated a high performance; the content of asphaltenes was reduced from 22% to 7 wt.%. The viscosity of crude oil was also reduced by three times. The technology for industrial-scale production of catalyst precursor was designed and the first pilot batch with a mass of 12 ton was achieved. A «Cyclic steam stimulation» technology was modified in order to deliver the catalytic composition to the pay zones of Boca de Jaruco reservoir (Cuba). The active forms of catalyst precursors are nanodispersed mixed oxides and sulfides of nickel. The pilot test of catalyst injection was carried out in bituminous carbonate formation M, in Boca de Jaruco reservoir (Cuba). The application of catalytic composition provided increase in cumulative oil production and incremental oil recovery in contrast to the previous cycle (without catalyst) is 170% up to date (the effect is in progress). After injection of catalysts, more than 200 samples from production well were analyzed in laboratory. Based on the physical and chemical properties of investigated samples and considering the excellent oil recovery coefficient it is decided to expand the industrial application of catalysts in the given reservoir. The project is scheduled on the fourth quarter of 2021.


Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2522
Author(s):  
Nabanita Pal ◽  
Young Sunwoo ◽  
Jae-Seo Park ◽  
Taeyeon Kim ◽  
Eun-Bum Cho

We developed a new category of porous silica and organosilicas nanostructures in a facile method based on weakly acidic aqueous-ethanol media by utilizing two different pentablock copolymer templates of type PLGA-PEO-PPO-PEO-PLGA. Pluronic block templates were used mainly to prepare these pentablock copolymers with different molecular weights and volume ratios. Silica precursor tetraethyl orthosilicate and organosilicas precursor 1,4-bis(triethoxysilyl)benzene have been used as main source for synthesizing the silica and organosilicas samples. Weak Lewis acids iron(III) chloride hexahydrate, aluminum(III) chloride hexahydrate, and boric acid were utilized as catalyst instead of any strong inorganic acids and the molar ratio of catalyst/precursor has been optimized to 1–2 for preparation of ordered mesostructures. Reaction temperatures have been optimized to 25 °C for pure silica and both 25 °C as well as 40 °C for organosilicas to get the best result for mesostructures. A detailed analysis by using various analytical techniques like synchrotron small angle X-ray scattering, nitrogen sorption, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscope, solid-state 29Si CP-MAS nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and so on has revealed well developed mesostructures with surface area of 388–836 m2/g for silica and 210–691 m2/g for organosilica samples, respectively. Furthermore, bimodal typepores have been observed from pore size distribution plot of the samples. Thermal stability of the materials was up to 400 °C as analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis.


Author(s):  
R. D. Hunter ◽  
J. Davies ◽  
S. J. A. Hérou ◽  
A. Kulak ◽  
Z. Schnepp

This paper reports a simple way to produce porous graphitic carbons from a wide range of lignocellulosic biomass sources, including nut shells, softwood sawdust, seed husks and bamboo. Biomass precursors are milled and sieved to produce fine powders and are then converted to porous graphitic carbons by iron-catalysed graphitization. Graphitizing the raw (unmilled) biomass creates carbons that are diverse in their porosity and adsorption properties. This is due to the inability of the iron catalyst precursor to penetrate the structure of dense biomass material. Milling enables much more efficient impregnation of the biomass and produces carbons with homogeneous properties. Lignocellulosic biomass (particularly waste biomass) is an attractive precursor to technologically important porous graphitic carbons as it is abundant and renewable. This simple method for preparing the biomass enables a wide range of biomass sources to be used to produce carbons with homogeneous properties. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Bio-derived and bioinspired sustainable advanced materials for emerging technologies (part 2)’.


Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 745
Author(s):  
Irek I. Mukhamatdinov ◽  
Indad Sh.S. Salih ◽  
Ilfat Z. Rakhmatullin ◽  
Nikita N. Sviridenko ◽  
Galina S. Pevneva ◽  
...  

The aim of this work was to study the fractional composition of super-viscous oil resins from the Ashalcha field, as well as the catalytic aquathermolysis product in the presence of a cobalt-containing catalyst precursor and a hydrogen donor. The study was conducted at various durations of thermal steam exposure. In this regard, the work enabled the identification of the distribution of resin fractions. These fractions, obtained by liquid adsorption chromatography, were extracted with individual solvents and their binary mixtures in various ratios. The results of MALDI spectroscopy revealed a decrease in the molecular mass of all resin fractions after catalytic treatment, mainly with a hydrogen donor. However, the elemental analysis data indicated a decrease in the H/C ratio for resin fractions as a result of removing alkyl substituents in resins and asphaltenes. Moreover, the data of 1H NMR spectroscopy of resin fractions indicated an increase in the aliphatic hydrogen index during catalytic aquathermolysis at the high molecular parts of the resins R3 and R4. Finally, a structural group analysis was carried out in this study, and hypothetical structures of the initial oil resin molecules and aquathermolysis products were constructed as well.


2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-216
Author(s):  
R. Namitha ◽  
Devi Radhika ◽  
Karthik Kannan ◽  
G. Krishnamurthy

In pursuit of manufacturing of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in good yield at lower temperatures, a mixture of d-block elements such as Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt was expected to be advantageous because of the high yield and low temperature (at 220 - 250° C) synthesis. The physical state and aggregation of these catalyst particles in the reaction medium have been found to play an interesting role in obtaining CNTs at better yield. Carbon nanotubes have been successfully produced by an uncomplicated two-step solvothermal method between sodium and dichlorobenzene via Ni/Fe/Co as catalyst precursor.  The dependence of yield of CNTs on the catalyst system was determined via different ratios of catalysts and at various other experimental conditions such as different heating temperatures, different durations of heating. The X-ray powder diffraction study has indicated the graphite kind of the products. Microscopic characterizations (SEM and TEM) implied us the diameters of carbon nanotubes are 10-14 nm. Raman spectroscopy shows the presence of graphitized carbon in carbon nanotubes. Significant influence by the heating temperature and heating duration has been observed on the product yield.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document