An Enhanced Islamic Index of Well-Being (IWI 2.0-2021) for Muslim Countries

This is a revised version of an assessment of the Islamic Well-Being Index (IWI) of Muslim majority countries, first published by this author in 2013 (IWI 1.0). It uses an improved, updated methodology and reflects the essential maqasid al-shari‘ah (Higher Objectives of Islamic Law) developed by Imam Abu Hamid al-Ghazali. The IWI provides practical insights for countries that aspire to move to a higher state. Leading countries in the maqasid fields could serve as role models for lagging counties. More specifically, IWI indicators provide a way to spot problems, set targets, track trends, and identify best practice policies. This 2021 assessment adds four more countries to the 27 ranked previously. The method incorporates insights from leading Islamic scholars who have developed a ‘maqasid index of governance’ for Muslim countries. The top three countries listed in the Index are (first to third): Indonesia, Tunisia and Malaysia. Indonesia, the world’s largest Muslim country with a successful democracy, experienced an Islamic resurgence, which is reflected in its citizens’ moderate values and practices. Leading countries within the maqasid fields are (first, second): Religion – Guinea-Bissau, Nigeria; Life – UAE, Brunei; Intellect - Albania, Kyrgyzstan; Family – Morocco, Tunisia; and Wealth – Malaysia, UAE. Countries showing greatest improvement in IWI rankings are Lebanon and Turkey. Those that significantly worsened are Afghanistan, Nigeria, Chad and Iraq. To expand the applicability of this index, governments in Muslim majority countries need to facilitate assessment. In particular, religiosity surveys should be expanded and periodic surveys are required to fill other data gaps. The IWI Index and its highlights should be prepared and published annually.

Benazir Bhutto as an Administrator

Benazir Bhutto was the first female Prime Minister of a Muslim country. She was also the first politician in Pakistan who was elected Prime Minister twice. Her leadership abilities brought several unique and unprecedented measures in Pakistan. Nonetheless, she had to face a lot of challenges in both of her tenures which included a rift with the Islami Jamhoori Ittehad (IJI) led rule in Punjab that objected her leadership as un-Islamic based on her gender. This rift eventually discontented the President Ghulam Ishaq Khan who dissolved assemblies only two years after she rose to power. Similar issue happened with her government in 1996 when the President Farooq Leghari dissolved the assemblies bringing an end to her second term as Prime Minister and that also two years earlier than its official expiry. Nonetheless, during her both short-lived terms as Prime Minister of Pakistan, she proved herself as a far-sighted leader who made some valuable administrative contributions to the country. Her administration also made some unprecedented measures which were also replicated by the forthcoming governments. This article explores her administrative contributions and it also mentions the challenges she had to face as the first female Prime Minister of Pakistan.

The Impact of Islamic-Based Disaster Response Competencies Program on Nurses: A Computer-based Training Randomized Controlled Trial

Introduction: Disasters have a significant impact on physical, psychological, psychosocial, and spiritual conditions. Indonesia, a predominately Muslim country, is a country of high vulnerability and risk for disasters. The nurses are frontliners and care providers need sufficient competencies in handling the survivors in health service centers. Local government regulations in the Aceh Province required Islamic-based health services. Objective: The study aims to identify the effectiveness of the Islamic-based disaster response competencies on nurses at the Banda Aceh Hospitals. Methods: A randomized controlled trial with a pre- and post-tests with a control group design was used in this study. The population was all nurses at three hospitals in four wards: emergency department, intensive care, medical, and surgical wards. The samples were selected using cluster random sampling and assigned into three groups: evidence = 50, Islamic = 49, and control = 48. Data were analyzed using parametric and non-parametric tests. Results: The results showed a significant increase in nurses’ knowledge, skills, and attitudes of disaster response in the evidence and Islamic groups with the mean and SD of the Islamic group in post-test 1 and 2 (knowledge = 15.9±2.9 and 15.8±2.9, skills = 19.0±1.4 and 18.9±1.4, attitude = 108.1±6.9 and 108.2±6.9) were higher than the evidence group (knowledge = 15.6±2.7 and 15.5±2.7, skills = 18.7±1.5 and 18.8±1.5, attitudes = 107.5±7.4 and 107.4±7.3) and the control group (knowledge=13.8±4.0 and 13.9±4.0, skills = 17.9±1.9 and 17.9±1.9, attitude = 104.5±8.8 and 104.6±8.8), respectively. Conclusion: The results indicate the Islamic group is more effective in increasing the disaster response competencies of nurses. This finding suggests the importance of developing regulations including policies, guidelines, emergency and disaster training, and public health services to support the implementation of an appropriate Islamic-based disaster nursing responses for hospitals in the Aceh Province and other regions with the implementation of Islamic law. Request number ANZCTR 378930

Indonesian Muslim Diaspora in Contemporary South Korea: Living as Religious Minority Group in Non-Muslim Country

The process of migration and cross border mobility occurs for a number of reason or background such as politics, economics, education and so forth has made a number of Muslim leave their homeland to another countries. Due to this migration, a significant number of Muslims becomes a diasporic communities in other countries and sometimes lives as religious minority group in non-Muslim country. It is reported that one third of Muslims in the world live as minority in a number of countries both in the West and also in some Asian countries such as India, Japan, South Korea, etc. In general, the existing academic discourse and publication has focused more Muslim in the West, and overlooked the Muslims minority in Eastern countries which is also considered as non-Muslim land such as Japan, South Korea, and such. This article discusses the Muslim minorities in South Korea, with a specific focus on Indonesian Muslim as it made up a significant number of Muslim in South Korea recently. Their challenge, balancing their personal identity and loyal citizenship as well as integration issues will also discussed from fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) of minorities (fiqh al-aqaliyyat) point of view.

Potensi Teknologi dan Media Sosial Dalam Meningkatkan Pemasaran Produk Asuransi Syariah

As the largest Muslim country, the country occupied by 236,53 The population is Muslim, if this is used and used as an opportunity for sharia insurance to develop rapidly in this country. Indonesia should have the potential to become the largest Muslim country where most of the Muslim population uses sharia products, especially sharia insurance. In fact, the current fact is that not many Indonesian Muslims use banking and non-banking products on the basis of sharia principles. AAJI's data report, if users of insurance products in Indonesia still reach 7.5%, and only 5% of them are users of sharia insurance. The lack of awareness of knowledge and the lack of strong exposure to sharia insurance products are indicators of the reason why there is still a small level of customer participation using sharia insurance. This reason is further strengthened when viewed from the literacy rate for sharia insurance in Indonesia which has only reached a nominal figure of 19,4%. For this reason, considering the widespread use of social media in Indonesia, which is dominated by the current millennial and generation Z, the marketing strategy of sharia insurance is now starting to move by utilizing the digitalization of marketing media. This study is intended to find out the potential influence of technology and social media in helping to increase sales of sharia insurance products in terms of marketing aspects. Observational analysis of previous research and of sharia insurance companies that carried out this marketing strategy, obtained the findings that social media marketing and the compliance of several insurance products that apply sharia principles in it, are significantly able to increase people's purchasing power or contribute significantly. Indirectly persuade social media users to determine their decision to buy sharia insurance products. Key words : Sharia insurance marketing, Social media, Technology.

Tingkat Kesehatan Keuangan Organisasi Pengelola Zakat Di Indonesia

As the largest Muslim country in the world, Indonesia has great potential in collecting zakat, infaq, alms, and waqf funds (ZISWAF) to alleviate poverty and social inequality. This study aims to demonstrate the financial health or performance of the zakat management organization (ZMO) by analyzing the ratio of activity, efficiency, amil, liquidity, and growth based on the provisions of the strategic study centre the national amil zakat agency (Puskasbaznas). This study uses a sample of twenty financial statements from five ZMO published from 2015-2018. This study uses an explanatory research method with a quantitative descriptive approach. The results show that the financial statements of the ZMO have implemented PSAK 45 and PSAK 109. The financial health or performance of the ZMO is categorized as quite reasonable. Then the efficiency ratio affects the financial health or performance of ZMO. In contrast, the ratio of activity, amil, liquidity, and growth do not affect the financial health or performance of ZMO. The results of this study are able to detect ZMO who do not aim to make a profit. Then it is used as a reference for ZMO in improving financial health or organizational performance.

From Concealment of their Faith to Active Propagation of their Faith: Afghanistan’s Christians and its Diaspora Community

Although Afghanistan is predominantly a Muslim country, the Christian faith has found adherents in the country. Prior to building a church the community gathered in a designated house to practice their faith. After a church was established members of the community, Christian expatriates and members of the diplomatic community attended religious services there. The number of Muslim converts grew over time and each had a mission to convert fellow friends to the faith. Muslim converts were careful not to disclose their faith to anyone unless they had full trust in that person knowing that he will not disclose their identity even if they did not embrace the faith. The situation of the Christian community improved somewhat during the constitutional monarchy (1963–1973) as the 1964 Constitution allowed freedom of expression and of association, etc. The community remained quiet and exercised caution in practicing their faith during the republic an regime (1973–1978). Political repression after the establishment of the pro-Soviet regime in April 1978 and subsequent Soviet invasion (December 1979-February 1989) caused a number of Christians to leave to the safety of Pakistan and India trying to seek asylum to countries in the West. In exile, Muslim converts become active in organizing themselves and propagating the faith through translation of Christian literature to the Persian language and making them available to their fellow countrymen.

The Approach of the Fiqh Council of North America towards Identity Problems of Contemporary Muslim Minorities

The status of being a Muslim minority in a non-Muslim country has obtained public and international attention with the consequence of globalization and immigration in the contemporary world. The increasing rate of immigration to the United States after the 1980s resulted in a new identity that mainly includes two main ingredients: Muslim identity and American identity. Especially, the following generation of the first immigrants has unexpectedly confronted the issue of an identity crisis ensuing from the simultaneous belonging to American and Muslim identities. With permanent settlement and acquiring American citizenship, Muslim Americans have shouldered dual responsibilities and duties. Occasionally, the dual identity of Muslim Americans has resulted in clashes between the religious and citizenship responsibilities. The Fiqh Council of North America (FCNA), a voluntarily established fatwā institution, tries to find Islamic legal solutions to that of American Muslims’ paradoxical predicaments. In the light of particular fatwās (legal opinion) issued by the FCNA, this paper will analyse how the identity crises of Muslim Americans are resolved; which Islamic legal methodologies are predominantly deployed to obliterate the mundane and religious paradoxes of those Muslim Americans; and whether the preponderance is given to American identity or Muslim identity by the FCNA.

Text Mining Techniques for Identify Islamophobic Conversation Language by Selecting Preprocessing Feature

By identifying a text's polarity, sentiment analysis is a technique for extracting information from a person's attitude about an issue or occurrence. The grouping is made to discuss whether the reader is positive or negative. The drop duplication procedure creates 4339 from the preceding 10997, and the result language detection is 31 languages, thanks to the pre-processing stage. Although the data comes from the world's largest Muslim country, the problem is not limited to it, as evidenced by the use of text mining tools to identify languages.