value orientation
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2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Antoci ◽  

The implemented theoretical study has revealed various scientific positions aimed at: interpreting the concepts of value and value orientation; finding controversial positions and affinities in the use of “value” and “value orientation” concepts; identifyingambiguous positions on structural elements of value orientation and value formation mechanism. The purpose of undertakenresearch was theoretical, experimental and methodological in nature, outlining formation of value orientations in adolescence and youth ages.The developed definitions and determined structural components of value orientations allowed initiation of an experimental investigation of value orientations in adolescents and young people through which interrelation between the constitutive components of value orientation was confirmed, the specifics of values in adolescents and young people was emphasized. Outlining the specifics of value orientation structure led to identification of criteria, indicators and descriptors and to development and validation of a Questionnaire for Value Orientation Assessment. The results of experimental study laid the basis for development and recognition of a Pedagogical Model for formation of value orientations in adolescents and young people. The previously identified mechanism for formation of values and functioning of value orientations was transposed into the nucleus of the Pedagogical Model, which included the following components: behaviour, emotional states, attitudes, convictions, and values. In order to identify the methodology for forming value orientations in the formal, informal and non-formal educational environment, the principles of humanistic, constructivist and cognitivist education, strategies, conditions were highlighted, which ensure a dynamic progress in general development of the personality, implicitly of value orientations, and which is taken into account in framework ofa formative experiment.The data obtained from the validation of the developed Pedagogical Model confirmed its effectiveness and proved that it was a multidimensional one, which could be of great benefit to specialists in the field of Education Sciences and teachers from schools and higher educationalinstitutions.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maik Bieleke ◽  
Peter M Gollwitzer ◽  
Gabriele Oettingen ◽  
Urs Fischbacher

We investigated whether social value orientation (SVO) moderates the effects of intuitive versus reflective information processing on responses to unfair offers. We measured SVO one week prior to an ultimatum game experiment in which participants had to accept or reject a series of 10 ultimatum offers including very low (unfair) ones. Before making these decisions, participants mentally contrasted their individual goals with the obstacle of pondering at length or acting in a hasty way; then they made the plan to adopt an intuitive or a reflective mode of processing (intuitive and reflective condition, respectively), or made no such plans (control condition). Participants with rather high (prosocial) SVO scores were more likely to accept unfair offers in the reflective than the intuitive condition. This effect also evinced for a subset of selfish individuals; however, the majority with rather low (selfish) scores made similar decisions in both conditions. This pattern of results suggests that SVO moderates the effects of intuitive versus reflective modes of processing on responses to low ultimatum offers.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maik Bieleke ◽  
David Dohmen ◽  
Peter M Gollwitzer

Insights into the processes underlying observed decisions are crucial for a comprehensive understanding of behavior. We investigate how individual social value orientation (SVO) relates to controlled information acquisition and how this relationship may be governed by intuitive versus reflective decision modes. We measure controlled information acquisition with the process tracing tool Mouselab and demonstrate its potential for advancing research on social decision-making. In two experiments, participants worked on two consecutive SVO tasks, in which they allocated points between themselves and others. Information regarding the available distributions of points had to be actively acquired by moving the mouse cursor over corresponding boxes on the screen. We observed a stable relationship between SVO and controlled information acquisition in both experiments: less selfish participants acquired more information and made more other-oriented acquisitions, and this relationship showed up in both an intuitive and a reflective decision mode. However, participants in a reflective decision mode acquired more information, their acquisitions were more strongly other-oriented, and their decisions were more prosocial compared to participants in an intuitive mode. Taken together, our results advance research on SVO by showing that non-selfish individuals invest considerable time and effort to gauge the consequences of their decisions for others, which might underlie the pervasive effects of SVO on many socially relevant behaviors. Moreover, we demonstrate how intuitive versus reflective decision modes can alter controlled information acquisition. Finally, our results illustrate that Mouselab is a simple-to-use and versatile tool for tracing cognitive processes underlying social psychological phenomena.


2022 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Ebtihaj Ahmed Al-Aali

It is crucial to grasp individual behaviour in organizations. This can shed light on evaluation of organizational outcomes. The evaluation can assist in deciding changes required. This chapter investigates organizational behaviour models. The investigation aims to develop a better comprehension of human behaviour. The chapter examines the most reviewed organizational behaviour models. These models are the human relation, the system perspective, productivity perspective, the human resource approach, the contingency approach, and finally, the situation approach. These models are argued to be elementalistic. The elementalism leads to perceive humans and their behaviour in a partial manner. The Aristotelian structure of language underpinning Indo-European languages upholds such elementalism. The structure is built on three laws. These are “is” of identity, two value orientation, and excluding middle stance. The chapter presents some principles of Islam to transform organizational behaviour models. The model enriched by Islam is argued to be in flux.


2022 ◽  
pp. 848-870
Author(s):  
Ertem Gulen ◽  
Oguzhan Aygoren

Political consumerism is a form of self-expression where consumers boycott or buycott a brand, company, or a product. The increase in the amount of these actions in recent years has led scholars and marketers improve their understanding of how and why consumers engage in political consumerism and what its predecessors are. By employing a wide scale survey among 360 participants in Turkey, this study presents empirical and qualitative evidence for boycott behavior and investigates how other forms of political participation and individual level characteristics have an effect on political consumerism. Results suggest main reason for boycott behavior in Turkey is due to political reasons and conservatism as an individual level value orientation has a negative effect on boycott behavior. In addition, online activism and voting participation behaviors have positive effects on political consumerism.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun W. Park ◽  
Soul Kim ◽  
Hyun Moon ◽  
Hyunjin Cha

Abstract The goal of the present study was to replicate and extend previous research that demonstrated the incremental validity of narrative identity in predicting psychological well-being among Korean adults. We recruited 147 Korean adults living in South Korea who completed a battery of questionnaires that assessed the Big Five traits, extrinsic value orientation, self-concept clarity, and psychological well-being. Participants then wrote a story about how they had become the persons they were, which was subsequently coded in terms of agency. We found that psychological well-being was positively related to extraversion, agreeableness, openness, conscientiousness, and self-concept clarity, but negatively to neuroticism and extrinsic value orientation. The positive relation between agency, coded from narratives, and psychological well-being was significant both with and without controlling for the other variables. These results showed that narrative identity has incremental validity in predicting well-being among individuals who live in a culture where collectivism and individualism coexist.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenghao Tan

Financial management serves as an important part of modern enterprise management, which plays an important role in improving capital strength of enterprise, improving resource allocation and comprehensive benefits of enterprise. In view of the importance of financial management, enterprises should clarify the value orientation of financial management, optimize the choice of financial management strategies to improve the efficiency and effect of financial management. This paper initially and systematically introduces the scientific connotation of modern enterprise financial management, expounding the value orientation of modern enterprise financial management, and finally the effective strategies of modern enterprise financial management is analyzed in order to help enterprises better carry out financial management activities.


Author(s):  
Minhao Dai ◽  
Tianen Chen

Small individual behaviors such as household energy-saving behaviors may have major environmental impacts. Individuals may combat global warming by replacing traditional light bulbs with more energy-efficient light bulbs such as LED bulbs, which save electricity and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Guided by the integrative model of behavioral prediction, the current study explored the effects of five individual personality differences (i.e., consideration of future consequences, environmental value orientation, individualism and collectivism, regulatory focus, and self-monitoring) on young Millennials’ and Gen Z’s attitudes, perceived norms, perceived control, and intention to switch light bulbs. The results of a survey indicated that environmental value orientation, individualism and collectivism, regulatory focus, and self-monitoring all significantly predicted attitudes, perceived norms, and perceived control, which predicted behavioral intention. The findings suggested the complex psychological nuance of environmental protection behaviors, even among the “greenest” generations. Implications and directions for future studies were discussed.


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