Improving Comprehension: Intelligent Tutoring System Explaining the Domain Rules When Students Break Them

Intelligent tutoring systems have become increasingly common in assisting students but are often aimed at isolated subject-domain tasks without creating a scaffolding system from lower- to higher-level cognitive skills, with low-level skills often neglected. We designed and developed an intelligent tutoring system, CompPrehension, which aims to improve the comprehension level of Bloom’s taxonomy. The system features plug-in-based architecture, easily adding new subject domains and learning strategies. It uses formal models and software reasoners to solve the problems and judge the answers, and generates explanatory feedback about the broken domain rules and follow-up questions to stimulate the students’ thinking. We developed two subject domain models: an Expressions domain for teaching the expression order of evaluation, and a Control Flow Statements domain for code-tracing tasks. The chief novelty of our research is that the developed models are capable of automatic problem classification, determining the knowledge required to solve them and so the pedagogical conditions to use the problem without human participation. More than 100 undergraduate first-year Computer Science students took part in evaluating the system. The results in both subject domains show medium but statistically significant learning gains after using the system for a few days; students with worse previous knowledge gained more. In the Control Flow Statements domain, the number of completed questions correlates positively with the post-test grades and learning gains. The students’ survey showed a slightly positive perception of the system.

Approach to automatic population of ontologies of scientific subject domain using lexico-syntactic patterns

This paper presents an approach to automatic population of ontologies of a scientific subject domain (SSD) using Lexico-Syntactic Patterns (LSPs) and a corpus of texts related to modeled domain. The main feature of this approach is that such patterns are automatically built based on Ontology Design Patterns of other types provided by the system for the automated development of SSD ontologies using heterogeneous Ontology Design Patterns. The implementation of the ontology population using constructed LSPs is described in detail. The results of the experiments on the SSD ontology population are presented. It is noted that there is a problem in establishing a subject of a relation when extracting facts. To address this problem, the authors are planning to employ the coreference resolution methods.

Information support of the negotiation process at the stage of initiation of the cooperative production project in aircraft

The peculiarities of the first stage (initiation) of negotiations on the organization of cooperative production of aircraft are considered. It is shown that this stage is characterized by an unacceptably high level of risk, due, on the one hand, the likelihood of significant additional financial costs during the project, and on the other - the loss of potential subcontractors, if no consensus is reached between negotiators. A critical review of existing computerized negotiation support systems was conducted. It is concluded that there is a problem that is insufficient efficiency of the negotiation process at the stage of initiating projects of cooperative production of aircraft due to, including, the lack of specialized computer information support, which in making appropriate decisions would allow to take into account the specifics stage of project initiation, and the subject domain "Cooperative production in aircraft". Based on the specifics of this problem, the purpose of the article is formulated, namely the development of effective means of information support for negotiations on cooperative production at the initial stage (initiation), which will save money, firstly, by reducing the negotiation time, and secondly - reducing irrational decisions that lead to additional costs during project implementation. Based on the specifics of the subject domain, the conclusion is made about the need to develop problem-oriented methodological tools, and on their basis - a specialized software system for decision support (DSS) negotiators in initiating projects of cooperative production in aircraft. As a formal basis for the construction of such systems, it is proposed to use an agent approach with elements of situational management theory. The results of the study are illustrated using conditional scenarios.

PSYCHOSEMANTICS AND PSYCHOMETRICS OF MOTOR ACTIONS OF AN ATHLETE IN MODERN EDUCATION

On the basis of the interdisciplinary approach modern approaches to the research of FK-technologies are analyzed, on a new theoretical and methodical basis base components of structure of educational space and a subject domain physical training are allocated and described.

Toward a systematic conflict resolution framework for ontologies

Background The ontology authoring step in ontology development involves having to make choices about what subject domain knowledge to include. This may concern sorting out ontological differences and making choices between conflicting axioms due to limitations in the logic or the subject domain semantics. Examples are dealing with different foundational ontologies in ontology alignment and OWL 2 DL’s transitive object property versus a qualified cardinality constraint. Such conflicts have to be resolved somehow. However, only isolated and fragmented guidance for doing so is available, which therefore results in ad hoc decision-making that may not be the best choice or forgotten about later. Results This work aims to address this by taking steps towards a framework to deal with the various types of modeling conflicts through meaning negotiation and conflict resolution in a systematic way. It proposes an initial library of common conflicts, a conflict set, typical steps toward resolution, and the software availability and requirements needed for it. The approach was evaluated with an actual case of domain knowledge usage in the context of epizootic disease outbreak, being avian influenza, and running examples with COVID-19 ontologies. Conclusions The evaluation demonstrated the potential and feasibility of a conflict resolution framework for ontologies.

Ontological Methodologies for Counselling Intervention: Do’a and Zikr Al-Mā’thur Corpus

Do’a and Zikr al-Mā’thur (authentic supplications and remembrance of ALLAH ‘Azza wa Jalla) can be suggested to Muslims to help them deal with challenges or issues in life. Counselling cases affect a person’s feelings. Do’a and Zikr al-Mā’thur are often applied as a counselling intervention. Unfortunately, the authentic Do’a and Zikr al-Mā’thur are dispersed in many resources not visible to users, and the fact that not all online resources offer access to accurate Do’a and Zikr al-Mā’thur to users and the dubious Do’a and Zikr al-Mā’thur frequently credited to the Prophet (pbuh). The goal of this research is to develop an ontology for the purpose of providing credible results to counselling cases in need of relevant Do’a and Zikr Al- Ma’thur. This research focused on presenting how an ontology could support to provide accurate information to cases supervised by high school counsellors. This research developed the ontology for Do’a and Zikr al-Mā’thur for counselling in Protégé. The methodology implemented in the ontology development included the models designed by Fernandez-Lopez et al., Thunkijjanukij, Gomez-Perez et al., and Kreider. The ontology was verified, validated, and evaluated by two subject domain experts. Most concepts were rated as ‘Compliant’ and some as ‘Partially Compliant’. Queries in SPARQL produced answers to the competency questions. Feedbacks from the user assessment proved that the executed results from the Do’a and Zikr al-Mā’thur ontology for counselling succeeded in fulfilling the users’ requirement. It is recommended that the sustainability of the ontology should be secured through constant submission of real cases by counsellors and people with similar roles for query analysis and results. Credible scholars should provide direction to trustworthy sources. Such essential input is valuable for content management and contributes towards very few domain ontologies that deliver support to professional works. It also provides the step-by-step procedures to ontology construction and assessment for Islamic collection for counselling intervention.

Fair and Accurate Review in Publication Process: A learning-based Proactive Approach for Assigning Reviewers to Manuscripts

Peer review is one of the most crucial and important tasks that are associated with academic conferences, journals and grant proposals; and assignment of an appropriate reviewer plays vital role for accurate and fair review process. This paper presents a learning based proactive system that assigns reviewer(s) whose expertise matches with the domain(s) of the paper satisfying constraints. The assignment of reviewer to paper needs to satisfy various constraints such as maximum number of papers per reviewer, minimum number of reviewers per paper and conflict of interest. he core challenge in reviewer paper assignment is to make the computer understand the subject domain of experts and papers. In proposed system, features are extracted from title, abstract and introduction section of publications of reviewer and submitted papers. These features help the model learn the domain features of experts and submitted papers more accurately. Once the training set is built utilizing the inherent correlation between abstract and title, the model is trained and the similarity between reviewers and papers is predicted. The experimental results on test data set of AAAI 2014 and NIPS 2019 demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed system.

Building an ‘Industrial Engineering Mindset’ among Indian Healthcare Executives: Toward Management of Healthcare Facilities at an Industrial Scale post the COVID-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the necessity of good quality and adequate quantity of healthcare infrastructure facilities. Healthcare facilities were provided for COVID-19 facilities with improvisation and supplementary lateral infrastructure from other sectors. However, the main point of contemplation going into the future was regarding how to quickly develop healthcare facilities. The subject domain of ‘industrial engineering’ (IE) and its associated perspectives could provide some key insights regarding this. The authors undertook a conceptual literature review and provided theoretical argumentation toward this. The findings provided insights regarding the application of industrial engineering concepts in healthcare facilities and services.

Variable subject pronoun expression in Cabo-Verdean Creole

The Cabo-Verdean Creole (CVC) subject domain has clitic and tonic pronouns that often amalgamate in double subject pronoun constructions; the possibility of a zero-subject and the formal category underlying subject clitics are disputed (Baptista 1995, 2002; Pratas 2004). This article discusses five variable constraints that condition subject expression across three descriptive and inferential analyses of a corpus of speech collected from 33 speakers from Santiago and Maio. Double subject pronoun constructions and zero-subjects were promoted by a persistence effect, though for the former this applied across nonadjacent clauses since double subject pronoun constructions are switch reference and contrastive devices resembling the doubling of agreement suffixes by independent pronouns in languages traditionally classified as pro-drop. Zero-subjects were favored in third-person contexts as previously observed by Baptista and Bayer (2013), and when a semantically referentially deficient (Duarte & Soares da Silva 2016) DP antecedent was in an Intonational Unit that was prosodically and syntactically linked to the Intonational Unit containing the target anaphor (Torres Cacoullos & Travis 2019). Results support reclassification of CVC subject clitics as ambiguous person agreement markers (Siewierska 2004) and suggest that CVC is developing a split-paradigm for person marking and subject expression (Wratil 2009; Baptista & Bayer 2013).