field stimulation
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2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1318
Author(s):  
Jin-Zhu Bai ◽  
Yi-Xin Wang ◽  
Zhen Lyu ◽  
Guang-Hao Zhang ◽  
Xiao-Lin Huo

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergei Karnup ◽  
William C. DeGroat ◽  
Jonathan M. Beckel ◽  
Changfeng Tai

Background: Electrical stimulation in the kilohertz-frequency range has been successfully used for treatment of various neurological disorders. Nevertheless, the mechanisms underlying this stimulation are poorly understood. Objective: To study the effect of kilohertz-frequency electric fields on neuronal membrane biophysics we developed a reliable experimental method to measure responses of single neurons to kilohertz field stimulation in brain slice preparations. Methods: In the submerged brain slice pyramidal neurons of the CA1 subfield were recorded in the whole-cell configuration before, during and after stimulation with an external electric field at 2kHz, 5kHz or 10 kHz. Results: Reproducible excitatory changes in rheobase and spontaneous firing were elicited during kHz-field application at all stimulating frequencies. The rheobase only decreased and spontaneous firing either was initiated in silent neurons or became more intense in previously spontaneously active neurons. Response thresholds were higher at higher frequencies. Blockade of glutamatergic synaptic transmission did not alter the magnitude of responses. Inhibitory synaptic input was not changed by kilohertz field stimulation. Conclusion: kHz-frequency current applied in brain tissue has an excitatory effect on pyramidal neurons during stimulation. This effect is more prominent and occurs at a lower stimulus intensity at a frequency of 2kHz as compared to 5kHz and 10kHz.


2021 ◽  
pp. 109-117
Author(s):  
Dawood Sayed ◽  
Daniel Lee Neuman ◽  
Stanley Golovac

2021 ◽  
Vol 154 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrice Badone ◽  
Carlotta Ronchi ◽  
Francesco Lodola ◽  
Claudia Maniezzi ◽  
Marem Eskandr ◽  
...  

Phospholamban (PLN) is the natural inhibitor of the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA2a). Heterozygous PLN-R14del mutation is associated with an arrhythmogenic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), whose pathogenesis has been attributed to SERCA2a “superinhibition.” The aim of the project is to test in human induced pluripotent stem cell–derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CM) harvested from a PLN-R14del carrier whether (1) Ca2+ dynamics and protein localization were compatible with SERCA2a superinhibition and (2) functional abnormalities could be reverted by pharmacological SERCA2a activation with PST3093. Ca2+ transients (CaT) were recorded at 36°C in hiPSC-CMs clusters during field stimulation. SERCA2a and PLN were immunolabeled in single hiPSC-CMs. Mutant (MUT) preparations were compared with isogenic WT ones obtained by mutation reversal. WT and MUT differed for the following properties: (1) CaT time to peak (tpeak) and half-time of CaT decay were shorter in MUT, (2) several CaT profiles were identified in WT, whereas “hyperdynamic” ones largely prevailed in MUT, (3) whereas tpeak rate-dependently declined in WT, it was shorter and rate independent in MUT, and (4) diastolic Ca2+ rate-dependently accumulated in WT, but not in MUT. When applied to WT, PST3093 changed all of the above properties to resemble those of MUT; when applied to MUT, PST3093 had no effect. Preferential perinuclear SERCA2a-PLN localization was lost in MUT hiPSC-CMs. In conclusion, functional data converge to argue for PLN-R14del incompetence in inhibiting SERCA2a in the tested case, thus weakening the rationale for therapeutic SERCA2a activation. Mechanisms alternative to SERCA2a superinhibition should be considered in the pathogenesis of DCM, including dysregulation of Ca2+-dependent transcription.


2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1680
Author(s):  
Cristina Pagge ◽  
Guglielmo Foffani ◽  
Antonio Oliviero ◽  
Claudia Ammann

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 5094
Author(s):  
Philippe Rigoard ◽  
Amine Ounajim ◽  
Lisa Goudman ◽  
Benedicte Bouche ◽  
Manuel Roulaud ◽  
...  

While Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS) provides satisfaction to almost 2/3 of Persistent Spinal Pain Syndrome-Type 2 (PSPS-T2) patients implanted for refractory chronic back and/or leg pain, when not adequately addressed the back pain component, leaves patients in a therapeutic cul-de-sac. Peripheral Nerve field Stimulation (PNfS) has shown interesting results addressing back pain in the same population. Far from placing these two techniques in opposition, we suggest that these approaches could be combined to better treat PSPS-T2 patients. We designed a RCT (CUMPNS), with a 12-month follow-up, to assess the potential added value of PNfS, as a salvage therapy, in PSPS-T2 patients experiencing a “Failed SCS Syndrome” in the back pain component. Fourteen patients were included in this study and randomized into 2 groups (“SCS + PNfS” group/n = 6 vs. “SCS only” group/n = 8). The primary objective of the study was to compare the percentage of back pain surface decrease after 3 months, using a computerized interface to obtain quantitative pain mappings, combined with multi-dimensional SCS outcomes. Back pain surface decreased significantly greater for the ”SCS + PNfS” group (80.2% ± 21.3%) compared to the “SCS only” group (13.2% ± 94.8%) (p = 0.012), highlighting the clinical interest of SCS + PNfS, in cases where SCS fails to address back pain.


2021 ◽  
pp. 174544
Author(s):  
José Britto-Júnior ◽  
Luiz Ximenes ◽  
André Ribeiro ◽  
Adriano Fregonesi ◽  
Rafael Campos ◽  
...  

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