spin labeling
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2022 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  

BACKGROUND Diagnosis of a microarteriovenous malformation (micro-AVM) is difficult, especially in the acute stage of rupture because of the small size of the nidus and the existence of hematoma. We report two cases of ruptured micro-AVMs detected by arterial spin labeling (ASL). OBSERVATIONS In one case, a 45-year-old male was transported with a complaint of right hemiparesis. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a right parietal lobar hemorrhage. Standard magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed no abnormal findings as the cause of the hemorrhage. ASL 23 days after the onset demonstrated high signals on the medial wall of the hematoma. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) showed a micro-AVM in accordance with the site of high signals on ASL. In another case, a 38-year-old female was transported with a complaint of left hemianopsia. CT on admission revealed a right parietal lobar hemorrhage. Standard MRI showed no abnormal findings as the cause of the hemorrhage. ASL 15 days after the onset demonstrated high signals on the internal wall of the hematoma. DSA showed micro-AVM in accordance with the site of high signaling on ASL. Both cases were successfully treated with open surgery. LESSONS ASL can manifest micro-AVMs as high signals within the hematoma. ASL is a useful less-invasive screening tool for the detection of ruptured micro-AVMs.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (11(75)) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
A. Telesh ◽  
T. Morozova

The research shows the possibilities of visual diagnostics of liver pathology in patients with various diffuse liver diseases and COVID-19. The analysis is based on the results of examination of patients, who got hospital treatment in Clinical Hospital №1 of Smolensk from September to November 2021. The research shows the efficiency of ultrasound diagnosis as the first step of examination. Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) allowed to study the symptoms of liver pathology more deeply. In order to improve the exact specific diagnosis of liver pathology in patients with diffuse liver diseases and COVID-19, arterial spin labeling technique is recommended to use. The research shows the efficiency of complex using of diagnostic methods in patients with diffuse liver diseases and SARS-CoV-2 infection


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 594
Author(s):  
Hiromu Sunada ◽  
Ryosuke Maeoka ◽  
Ichiro Nakagawa ◽  
Hiroyuki Nakase ◽  
Hideyuki Ohnishi

Background: Superselective shunt occlusion (SSSO) for cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistula (CSDAVF) avoids the risk of cranial nerve palsy, unlike entire sinus packing, but requires paying attention to recurrence. Distinguishing between true and paradoxical worsening of postoperative ophthalmic symptoms using a less-invasive modality is often difficult. Here, we report a case of true worsening of neuro-ophthalmic symptom by recurrent CSDAVF detected by venous-arterial spin labeling (ASL) on magnetic resonance imaging. Case Description: A 55-year-old woman with neither contributory medical history nor previous head trauma presented with neuro-ophthalmic symptoms and pulsatile tinnitus. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) revealed CSDAVF with multiple shunted pouches. She underwent successful transvenous SSSO, but neuroophthalmic symptom worsened after SSSO and venous-ASL revealed increased signal intensity in the right superior orbital vein (SOV). DSA confirmed recurrent CSDAVF and additional transvenous embolization was performed. Neuro-ophthalmic symptoms and venous-ASL hyperintensity on SOV improved postoperatively. Conclusion: Venous-ASL is noninvasive and seems useful for detecting true worsening of neuro-ophthalmic symptoms of recurrent CSDAVF.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vita Cardinale ◽  
Traute Demirakca ◽  
Tobias Gradinger ◽  
Markus Sack ◽  
Matthias Ruf ◽  
...  

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaishnavi L. Rao ◽  
Laura M. Prolo ◽  
Jonathan D. Santoro ◽  
Michael Zhang ◽  
Jennifer L. Quon ◽  
...  

Background and Purpose: Cerebrovascular reserve (CVR) inversely correlates with stroke risk in children with Moyamoya disease and may be improved by revascularization surgery. We hypothesized that acetazolamide-challenged arterial spin labeling MR perfusion quantifies augmentation of CVR achieved by revascularization and correlates with currently accepted angiographic scoring criteria. Methods: We retrospectively identified pediatric patients with Moyamoya disease or syndrome who received cerebral revascularization at ≤18 years of age between 2012 and 2019 at our institution. Using acetazolamide-challenged arterial spin labeling, we compared postoperative CVR to corresponding preoperative values and to postoperative perfusion outcomes classified by Matsushima grading. Results: In this cohort, 32 patients (17 males) with Moyamoya underwent 29 direct and 16 indirect extracranial-intracranial bypasses at a median 9.7 years of age (interquartile range, 7.6–15.7). Following revascularization, median CVR increased within the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery territory (6.9 mL/100 g per minute preoperatively versus 16.5 mL/100 g per minute postoperatively, P <0.01). No differences were observed in the ipsilateral anterior cerebral artery ( P =0.13) and posterior cerebral artery ( P =0.48) territories. Postoperative CVR was higher in the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery territories of patients who achieved Matsushima grade A perfusion, in comparison to those with grades B or C (25.8 versus 17.5 mL, P =0.02). The method of bypass (direct or indirect) did not alter relative increases in CVR (8 versus 3.8 mL/100 g per minute, P =0.7). Conclusions: Acetazolamide-challenged arterial spin labeling noninvasively quantifies augmentation of CVR following surgery for Moyamoya disease and syndrome.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_6) ◽  
pp. vi20-vi21
Author(s):  
Takahiro Yamauchi ◽  
Ryuhei Kitai ◽  
Hideto Umeda ◽  
Yu Tsukinowa ◽  
Ryota Hagihara ◽  
...  

Abstract BACKGROUND: Infiltrative gliomas show cerebral edema and tumor infiltration as areas of hyperintensity in FLAIR image. Amide proton transfer (APT) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) are useful for evaluating the tumor invasion. In this study, arterial spin-labeling (ASL)-CBF and APT were compared to determine which method was superior for predicting tumor infiltration in gliomas, pathologically. METHODS: Fifteen specimens from 5 glioma patients with confirmed selective sampling were obtained. Based on APT signal intensity (SI), regions of interests (ROIs) were selected for biopsy. Same regions of these ROIs were marked on the same slice of ASL imaging. Samples were pathologically assessed for cell density and vessel density. APT SI and ASL-CBF were analyzed for each specimen. RESULTS: APT signal intensity (SI) showed a strong correlation with cell density (R = 0.887, P &lt; 0.0001). ASL-CBF showed no correlation with cell density (R = 0.240; P = 0.3836) but a correlation with vessel density (R = 0.697; P = 0.0038). In linear regression analysis, APT SI showed a positive relationship with cell density (R2 = 0.787, P &lt; 0.0001, linear regression; y = 30.70 + 6.24E-3*x). CONCLUSIONS: APT imaging was superior in predicting cellular proliferation than ASL-CBF and a powerful predictor of cell density. APT imaging allowed revelation of novel clues reflecting tumor proliferation in brain tumor; to date, this is the first known report to assess cell density among various brain tumors and conditions after treatment.


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