The Malay Women and Terrace Housing in Malaysia

<p>Being of one of the major aboriginal groups in Malaysia, the Muslim Malay women differ socio culturally from women of other religious and cultural background. Malay women have particular spatial requirements especially within the domestic environment. However, these requirements are rarely considered when it comes to the design of modern urban living environments. Terrace housing is the dominant form of urban housing in Malaysia. Since the 1970s, it has catered to the mass housing needs of ‘rural-to-urban’ migrants. Associated with the lack of considerations for traditional, cultural and religious aspects, the design of terrace housing fails in terms of intimacy, privacy and safety for Malay women as well as environmental performance and adaptability. The traditional rural Malay houses evolved in response to the unique cultural needs of the Malay women and her family and offers solutions for contemporary urban housing for Malay families. As contextually appropriate housing solution, their spatial organization and construction system can inform how best to design for the occupants and the environment. The research studies the Malay women, traditional housing environments and the shortcomings of terrace housing. The thesis aim is to identify an architectural solution to the current issues in Malaysian terrace housing. The study proposes a flexible prefabricated construction method, modular screen-wall panelling and a timber flooring system as a design solution to the socio cultural and religious needs of the Malay women and her family.</p>

The Malay Women and Terrace Housing in Malaysia

<p>Being of one of the major aboriginal groups in Malaysia, the Muslim Malay women differ socio culturally from women of other religious and cultural background. Malay women have particular spatial requirements especially within the domestic environment. However, these requirements are rarely considered when it comes to the design of modern urban living environments. Terrace housing is the dominant form of urban housing in Malaysia. Since the 1970s, it has catered to the mass housing needs of ‘rural-to-urban’ migrants. Associated with the lack of considerations for traditional, cultural and religious aspects, the design of terrace housing fails in terms of intimacy, privacy and safety for Malay women as well as environmental performance and adaptability. The traditional rural Malay houses evolved in response to the unique cultural needs of the Malay women and her family and offers solutions for contemporary urban housing for Malay families. As contextually appropriate housing solution, their spatial organization and construction system can inform how best to design for the occupants and the environment. The research studies the Malay women, traditional housing environments and the shortcomings of terrace housing. The thesis aim is to identify an architectural solution to the current issues in Malaysian terrace housing. The study proposes a flexible prefabricated construction method, modular screen-wall panelling and a timber flooring system as a design solution to the socio cultural and religious needs of the Malay women and her family.</p>

‘Canoe traffic’ of the Torres Strait and Fly Estuary

This paper concentrates on the material aspects of the interaction between Torres Strait Islanders and the Papuan peoples of the Fly estuary and the southwest coastal region of Papua New Guinea. In spite of the differences in ecology, habitation history and subsistence practices, or perhaps because of them, interaction between peoples of the region has a long history. Such patterns of interaction between linguistic and culturally diverse groups of peoples is well known in the Melanesian region. Historically, one of the most important cultural links between Papuans and Islanders has been regular and sustained contact maintained by voyages in large ocean-going canoes. The interesting aspect of this relationship from an economic point of view has been not only the exchange by canoes, that is, using canoes as a means of exchange, but also exchange in canoes, where the canoe itself has been the principal object of exchange. Exchange relations between Torres Strait Islanders, coastal Papuans and Australian Aboriginal groups at Cape York were facilitated by means of a sophisticated maritime technology and operated within the confines of well established real and fictive kinship ties.

Taiwan, China, and the National Imaginary

Chapter 1 focuses on three museums that treat Taiwan’s premodern history: the National Museum of History (國立歷史博物館‎, NMH), the National Taiwan Museum of Prehistory (國立台灣史前博物館‎), and the Shihsanhang Museum (十三行博物館‎). The NMH was the first museums established by the KMT after its move to Taiwan in 1949. Until recently, it has stood firmly in the sinocentric historical narrative, which implicitly links Taiwan to the dynastic history of mainland China. The other two museums, both established in the early 2000s, are in the “nativist” mode, forging an origins narrative that traces Taiwan’s historical roots not to China but to Taiwan’s prehistoric peoples and their present-day descendants—the aboriginal groups of Taiwan.

Evidence of osteomyelitis in Cuban aborigines

Paleopathology is the branch of science that is responsible for the study of diseases suffered by our ancestors, in Cuba some studies have been carried out on pathologies suffered by the aborigines. The objective is to present a specimen of human diaphyseal bone found in the funerary site of the "Cueva de los Chivos" in the Sumidero de Jibacoa Valley, Guamuhaya mountain massif, municipality of Manicaragua, Villa Clara province, Cuba in excavations carried out between the years 2000 and 2002 by the archeology group of the Center for Environmental Studies and Services of CITMA in Villa Clara. Presentation: It is a tibia fragment due to its thickness and triangular shape with periosteal thickening, cortical irregularity and a large number of crypts, whose radiography shows the presence of bone sequestration with the corresponding involvement and signs of periostitis. The skeletal remains found show evidence of having suffered from chronic osteomyelitis. Based on the archaeological materials found at the funerary site, it was determined that these belonged to pre-agricultural pottery groups that populated the island between 2000 and 6000 years ago. Conclusions: The Cuban aboriginal groups had elementary knowledge of orthopedic conditions such as bone infections and their treatment in all probability, evidenced by the chronicity of osteomyelitis presented in this specimen which survived for a period of time.

RITUAL AGAMA DAN HARMONI SOSIAL KAUM URBAN: KAJIAN SOSIOLOGIS TERHADAP MUJAHADAH WARGA DI PERUM PANDANA MERDEKA NGALIYAN SEMARANG

One of the Pandana Merdeka housing estates which has tried to instill harmony between communities with one another. One of the socializing activities of this housing is through mujahadah activities. This activity is very important to socialize in shaping the socio-religious aspects. The research method used is qualitative research using a sociological approach to religion. The results of this study indicate that Emile Durkheim's opinion regarding his observations about the religious phenomenon of Aboriginal groups in Australia is evident in the Pandana Merdeka housing community. This group phenomenon has the function of interacting with society in a moral order. As in the structure of the members of the Pandana Merdeka Housing community, each of them has a role in compiling the moral order through sacred ritual activities as collective action that reflects group solidarity.

2000 Year-old Bogong moth (Agrotis infusa) Aboriginal food remains, Australia

Insects form an important source of food for many people around the world, but little is known of the deep-time history of insect harvesting from the archaeological record. In Australia, early settler writings from the 1830s to mid-1800s reported congregations of Aboriginal groups from multiple clans and language groups taking advantage of the annual migration of Bogong moths (Agrotis infusa) in and near the Australian Alps, the continent’s highest mountain range. The moths were targeted as a food item for their large numbers and high fat contents. Within 30 years of initial colonial contact, however, the Bogong moth festivals had ceased until their recent revival. No reliable archaeological evidence of Bogong moth exploitation or processing has ever been discovered, signalling a major gap in the archaeological history of Aboriginal groups. Here we report on microscopic remains of ground and cooked Bogong moths on a recently excavated grindstone from Cloggs Cave, in the southern foothills of the Australian Alps. These findings represent the first conclusive archaeological evidence of insect foods in Australia, and, as far as we know, of their remains on stone artefacts in the world. They provide insights into the antiquity of important Aboriginal dietary practices that have until now remained archaeologically invisible.

Luis Jerónimo de Oré OFM — Symbolo Catholico Indiano (1598)

Brother Luis Jerónimo de Oré’s Symbolo Catholico Indiano was the most important and authorized sixteenth century treatise for the evangelization of the native Andean peoples. In its pages we find a vivid image of Andean reality immediately after the Conquest and a fervent exposition of the Catholic faith inspired in the recent Councils of Trent and Lima. The treatise also presents the missioning methods that served the Franciscans and other priests of the Viceroyalty for the evangelization of the indigenous peoples. Above all, in this text we find an admirable exposition of the theological doctrine and catechetical practice in the anthropological perspective that forms its starting point, which is the Andean man or woman who had never heard a message of salvation and dignity for the human person. Brother Luis Jerónimo de Oré Rojas OFM was born in Huamanga in 1554 (now the geographi- cal Department of Ayacucho in Perú). He was a zealous missionary who travelled throughout the colonizers’ territory, from the extreme north of Florida to the extreme south of Chile. As an intelli- gent linguist he was the author of important rituals and catechisms in Quechua and Aymara. He was one of the first bishops born on the American soil, and the first to be incorporated into the Native Indian Council and the Vatican hierarchy; as a bishop he stood out for his protection of aboriginal groups and his energetic defense of the cultural integrity of Native Indian nations.

The archaeology of the ‘Secret War’: The material evidence of conflict on the Queensland frontier, 1849–1901

Although the historical record relating to nineteenth century frontier conflict between Aboriginal groups and Europeans in Queensland has been clearly documented, there have been limited associated archaeological studies. As part of the Archaeology of the Queensland Native Mounted Police (NMP) project, this paper canvasses the physical imprint of frontier conflict across Queensland between 1849 and the early 1900s, focusing specifically on the activities and camp sites of the NMP, the paramilitary government-sanctioned force tasked with policing Aboriginal people to protect settler livelihoods. At least 148 NMP camps of varying duration once existed, and historical and archaeological investigations of these demonstrate some consistent patterning amongst them, as well as idiosyncrasies depending on individual locations and circumstances. All camps were positioned with primary regard to the availability of water and forage. Owing to their intended temporary nature and the frugality of the government, the surviving structural footprints of camps are generally limited. Buildings were typically timber slab and bark constructions with few permanent foundations and surviving architectural features are therefore rare, limited to elements such as ant bed flooring, remnant house or yard posts, stone lines demarcating pathways, and stone fireplaces. Architectural forms of spatial confinement, such as lockups or palisades, were absent from the camps themselves. The most distinctive features of NMP camps, and what allows them to be distinguished from the myriad pastoral sites of similar ages, are their artefact assemblages, especially the combined presence of gilt uniform buttons with the Victoria Regina insignia, knapped bottle glass, and certain ammunition-related objects.