Ethical Benefits and Drawbacks of Digitally Informed Consent

As organizations steadily adopt remote and virtual capabilities, informed consent processes are increasingly managed by digital technologies. These digital methods are generating novel opportunities to collect individuals' permissions for use of private information but are blurring traditional boundaries of consent communication and documentation. Therefore, the rapid growth of digital technologies used for informed consent as well as the sheer volume of data resulting from electronic data capture are generating complex questions about individual engagement and data practices. This chapter presents emerging risks, benefits, and ethical principles about digital informed consent methods and technologies. For the areas where digital informed consent creates ethical uncertainties, ethical guidelines and user-design recommendations are provided.

Toward a Conceptualization of Big Data Value Chain

The generation of digital devices such as web 2.0, smartphones, social media and sensors has led to a growing rate of data creation. The volume of data available today for organizations is big. Data are produced extensively every day in many forms and from many different sources. Accordingly, firms in several industries are increasingly interested in how to leverage on these “big data” to draw valuable insights from the various kinds of data and to create business value. The aim of this chapter is to provide an integrated view of big data management. A conceptualization of big data value chain is proposed as a research model to help firms understand how to cope with challenges, risks and benefits of big data. The suggested big data value chain recognizes the interdependence between processes, from business problem identification and data capture to generation of valuable insights and decision making. This framework could provide some guidance to business executives and IT practitioners who are going to conduct big data projects in the near future.

Amelioration of Big Data Analytics by Employing Big Data Tools and Techniques

This chapter describes how in the digital data era, a large volume of data became accessible to data science engineers. With the reckless growth in networking, communication, storage, and data collection capability, the Big Data science is quickly growing in each engineering and science domain. This paper aims to study many numbers of the various analytics ways and tools which might be practiced to Big Data. The important deportment in this paper is step by step process to handle the large volume and variety of data expeditiously. The rapidly evolving big data tools and Platforms have given rise to numerous technologies to influence completely different Big Data portfolio.In this paper, we debate in an elaborate manner about analyzing tools, processing tools and querying tools for Big datahese tools used for data analysis Big Data tools utilize numerous tasks, like Data capture, storage, classification, sharing, analysis, transfer, search, image, and deciding which might also apply to Big data.

Auditable Augmented/Mixed/Virtual Reality

Virtual, Augmented and Mixed Reality (XR) technologies are becoming increasingly pervasive. However, the contextual nature of XR, and its tight coupling of the digital and physical environments, brings real propensity for loss and harm. This means that auditability---the ability to inspect how a system operates---will be crucial for dealing with incidents as they occur, by providing the information enabling rectification, repair and recourse. However, supporting audit in XR brings considerations, as the process of capturing audit data itself has implications and challenges, both for the application (e.g., overheads) and more broadly. This paper explores the practicalities of auditing XR systems, characterises the tensions between audit and other considerations, and argues the need for flexible tools enabling the management of such. In doing so, we introduce Droiditor, a configurable open-source Android toolkit that enables the runtime capture of audit-relevant data from mobile applications. We use Droiditor as a means to indicate some potential implications of audit data capture, demonstrate how greater configurability can assist in managing audit-related concerns, and discuss the potential considerations that result. Given the societal demands for more transparent and accountable systems, our broader aim is to draw attention to auditability, highlighting tangible ways forward and areas for future work.

Admissions to a Low-Resource Neonatal Unit in Malawi Using a Mobile App and Dashboard: A 1-Year Digital Perinatal Outcome Audit

Introduction: Understanding the extent and cause of high neonatal deaths rates in Sub-Saharan Africa is a challenge, especially in the presence of poor-quality and inaccurate data. The NeoTree digital data capture and quality improvement system has been live at Kamuzu Central Hospital, Neonatal Unit, Malawi, since April 2019.Objective: To describe patterns of admissions and outcomes in babies admitted to a Malawian neonatal unit over a 1-year period via a prototype data dashboard.Methods: Data were collected prospectively at the point of care, using the NeoTree app, which includes digital admission and outcome forms containing embedded clinical decision and management support and education in newborn care according to evidence-based guidelines. Data were exported and visualised using Microsoft Power BI. Descriptive and inferential analysis statistics were executed using R.Results: Data collected via NeoTree were 100% for all mandatory fields and, on average, 96% complete across all fields. Coverage of admissions, discharges, and deaths was 97, 99, and 91%, respectively, when compared with the ward logbook. A total of 2,732 neonates were admitted and 2,413 (88.3%) had an electronic outcome recorded: 1,899 (78.7%) were discharged alive, 12 (0.5%) were referred to another hospital, 10 (0.4%) absconded, and 492 (20%) babies died. The overall case fatality rate (CFR) was 204/1,000 admissions. Babies who were premature, low birth weight, out born, or hypothermic on admission, and had significantly higher CFR. Lead causes of death were prematurity with respiratory distress (n = 252, 51%), neonatal sepsis (n = 116, 23%), and neonatal encephalopathy (n = 80, 16%). The most common perceived modifiable factors in death were inadequate monitoring of vital signs and suboptimal management of sepsis. Two hundred and two (8.1%) neonates were HIV exposed, of whom a third [59 (29.2%)] did not receive prophylactic nevirapine, hence vulnerable to vertical infection.Conclusion: A digital data capture and quality improvement system was successfully deployed in a low resource neonatal unit with high (1 in 5) mortality rates providing and visualising reliable, timely, and complete data describing patterns, risk factors, and modifiable causes of newborn mortality. Key targets for quality improvement were identified. Future research will explore the impact of the NeoTree on quality of care and newborn survival.

Sosialisasi Program Kartu Tani Bagi Kios Tani Pengecer Pupuk Bersubsididan Kelompok Tani di Kecamatan Gangga Kabupaten Lombok Utara

Kartu Tani adalah Kartu debit BNI co-branding yang di gunakan secara khusus untuk membaca alokasi Pupuk Bersubsidi dan transaksi Pembayaran pupuk Bersubsisid di Mesin Elektronik Data Capture (EDC) BNI yang ditempatkan di Pengecer serta dapat berfungsi untuk melakukan seluruh transaksi perbankan pada umumnya. Maksud Kartu Tani adalah Terwujudnya pendistribusian pengenadalian dan pengawasan pupuk bersubsidi kepada para petani yang berhak menerima. Tujuan terwujudnya distribusi pupuk bersubsidi sesuai dengan Asas 6 (enam) Tepat (Jumlah, Jenis, Waktu, Tempat, Mutu, dan Harga) serta pemberian layanan perbankan bagi petani. Kegiatan pengabdian tentang Sosialisasi Program Kartu Tani bagi Kios Tani Pengecer pupuk bersubsidi dan Kelompok Tani di Kecamatan GanggaKabupaten Lombok Utara dilaksanakan tanggal 3-4 Oktober 2021 bertempat di Kios Pengecer P3 Pelopor Kecamatan Gangga dengan peserta sebanyak 23 orang 20 orang petani, 1 pemiulik kios dan 2 orang dari perwakilan distributor pupuk bersubsidi CV. Sasak Agrotani. Sasaran adalah: 1. Petani yang tergabung dalam kelompok tani dan telah diusulkan untuk memperoleh pupuk bersubsidi melalui Rencana Devinitif Kebutuhan Kelompok (RDKK) yang telah disyahkan oleh Kepala Desa/Lurah dan Penyuluh Pertanian Lapangan (PPL) 2. Mempunyai KTP / NIK 3. Mengusahakan lahan untuk kegiatan bertani setiap musim tanam, petani yang melakukan usaha tani sub sector Tanaman Pangan, Perkebunan Hortikultura dan Peternakan. 4. Memiliki rekening tabungan di Bank BNI. Dari sasaran yang ada persyaratan tersebut telah dipenuhi oleh petani kelompok dan mereka telah memahami akan pentingnya memiliki kartu tani sebagai sarana dalam melakukan penbusan pupuk bersubsidi di kios pengecer yang telah ditunjuk moleh distributor pupuk. Kendala yang dihadapi dari peserta sebagian besar sudah melakukan pendaftran ke Bank BNI dan telah membuka rekening tabungan namun hingga saat ini mereka belum mendapatkan kartu tani, hal ini terkendala kebijakan dan koordinasi dinas terkait belum efektif dalam pengurusan penerbitan kartu tani untuk di wilaayah Kabupaten Lombok Utara pada umumnya.

Finding Their Data Voice: Practices and Challenges of Dashboard Users

Dashboards are the ubiquitous means of data communication within organizations.Yet we have limited understanding of how they factor into data practices in the workplace, particularly for data workers who do not self-identify as professional analysts. We focus on data workers who use dashboards as a primary interface to data, reporting on an interview study that characterizes their data practices and the accompanying barriers to seamless data interaction.While dashboards are typically designed for data consumption, our findings show that dashboard users have far more diverse needs. To capture these activities, we frame data workers’ practices as data conversations:conversations with data capture classic analysis(asking and answering data questions), while conversations through and around data involve constructing representations and narratives for sharing and communication. Dashboard users faced substantial barriers in their data conversations: their engagement with data was often intermittent, dependent on experts, and involved an awkward assembly of tools. We challenge the visualization and analytics community to embrace dashboard users as a population and design tools that blend seamlessly into their work contexts

Mapping a Strength-Oriented Approach to a Standardized Terminology: A Case Study

As a new era of healthcare advocates a more valuable and intelligent approach to care management and delivery based on values and outcomes, shifts toward risk management to boost performance should be considered that encompass the capitalization of health assets or health strengths. To make full use of individuals’ or populations’ health assets, data capture and representation are needed. This paper uses a strengths-oriented case study mapped to an inter-disciplinary standardized terminology, the Omaha System, to illustrate and compare the conventional problem-based approach to care management with the strengths-oriented approach to care that demonstrates whole-person data capture of an individual’s health and health assets leveraged to promote health values and performance. The Omaha system provides a standardized framework to organize the concepts of all of health from a whole-person perspective for documentation to enable data analysis, interoperability, and health information exchange.