Human Representation on Environmental Speech in Terms or Transitivity Process

The role of activists in raising humankind’s awareness regarding environmental or ecological issues or phenomenon has gained so much attention since it is spread and told in many different ways. One of them is taken by sharing the idea through speech and statements that are being spoken before the world leaders, politicians, and any other occasions. This study focuses on the speech of an environmental activist regarding climate change, Greta Thunberg. The analysis was conducted on the transitivity analysis, i.e. the distribution of experiential meaning on the speech that was presented at the United Nations Conference of the Parties on Climate Change, 2018. The result shows: 1) the distribution of material process is the dominant one (41,8%), followed by relational process (19,4%), mental process (17,9%), verbal process (14,9%), behavioral process (3%), and existential process (3%); 2) through the process distribution, human beings seem to have their big roles in causing the climate change, but at the same time they are the ones who can prevent it. Therefore, the speech is regarded as beneficial discourse based on Stibbe’s ecolinguistics standard. This type of discourse has to be promoted in order to raise ecological awareness in society.

Grammatical Transitivity and Indirect Speech Combination in Action: Voices from Characters in Helon Habila’s Oil on Water (2011)

In mass communication, the material process use makes it easy to lay emphasis on the participants’ actions, events, and circumstances of their occurrence, while mental process contributes to insisting on their psychological and emotional states. As for indirect speech, it characterizes the version always used by messengers, public announcers, journalists, and reporters. This study aims to analyze Transitivity and Indirect Speech in clauses ingrained and identified in some passages taken from Helon Habila’s Oil On Water (2011). One of the major principles of Systemic Functional Linguistics is that the exploration of the Transitivity properties (processes, participants, and circumstances) in a text leads to draw conclusions about the question -“who does what to whom, under what circumstances?”? In order to deliver the set objectives, the ongoing study specifically draws on the principles of experiential meaning to get data from the selected extracts and, focuses on describing the clauses containing reported speeches. By following the mixed research methods guiding principles, this research work has generated some data which enable to come up with a conclusion on the psychological and psychosomatic states of the participants as well as on the assigned status adopted by some characters. That correlates them to reporters and journalists. This research work has enabled me to develop another. This paper has made it easy to have another view about Helon Habila’s messages and the way they are conveyed throughout his novel.

Sustaining Business Beyond Corporate Hypocrisy: Social Distance and Corporate Social Initiatives

The involvement of firms in charitable initiatives has been put into practice utilizing direct corporate donations, corporate volunteering, and cause-related marketing. Despite the popularity of such marketing tools, consumers have become skeptical of such practices. The corporate sector and charity organizations struggle to channel more resources toward charity causes. In light of this, the study investigates how value-driven individual differences – self-construal – moderate the relationship between social distance and donation behavior. The results of two experiments reveal that, when individuals evaluate donation options jointly, social distance evokes a mental process through which individuals tend to go for time donations, if the event is organized by someone similar, whereas individuals tend to choose the money donation option if the event is organized by someone dissimilar. The interaction effect is well pronounced, concerning money donations compared to time donations. Moreover, the lower social distance attenuates skepticism towards Cause-Related Marketing (CRM) and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives.

Syndromes of Cognitive Dysfunction

Cognitive function refers to the mental process of knowing things. It includes high-level cortical functions such as memory, language, perception, and executive function (planning, initiating, and reasoning) that generally depend on the alert state and focused attention. Dysfunction of cognition without a change in consciousness may result in various disorders, including aphasia, apraxia, agnosia, executive dysfunction, and memory disorders such as dementia and amnesia. Transient dysfunction of cognition associated with a change in level of consciousness or attention may be due to delirium or confusional states. This chapter broadly introduces the specific definitions of cognitive dysfunction and the overall differential diagnoses.

Transcending and including diversity

Lead with differences is typical of the mental process itself. This paper hypothesizes that there are different levels of thinking and that in order to handle differences in a non-judgmental way by welcoming them, transcending, and including them, rather than excluding or judging them, it is necessary to tap into the supra-rational levels of thinking. A specific transpersonal outlook is expounded, characterised by a particular cognitive process called Transe-cognition, whose founding elements are Second Attention, Further Mode and Integral Thinking.

Gender-related Analysis in American Advertisements TV

Advertising is “the non-personal communication of information usually paid for and persuasive in nature about product, service or ideas by identified sponsors through the various media” (Buren,1992:7). The ad aims to market products and services, this is according to business and this is an effective marketing tool. Advertising also offers information so that customers are aware of what is available, who makes it, and where they can get it (Durant & Lambron, 2009: 93). Advertisers need to consider gender differences to the best capacity possible to use appropriate advertisement design features. The most significant aspect of gender issues for advertisers can be how males and females react differently to the advertisement. So, “the focus is on how gender in language and society is negotiated and how linguistic forms represent and shape social and cultural conditions in which men and females live”. (Behnam and Zamanian, 2014:4) American advertisements often contain different meta-functions that are worthy of analysis. The present study intends to analyze American advertisements according to the three meta-functions such as ideational, interpersonal, and textual. This study examined 5 American advertisements (each one of them has a different theme) from a verbal and non-verbal perspective, based on the three meta-functions models developed by Halliday (1994). The results of the study revealed that American advertisements are biased to females rather than males to introduce the products because they considered females as powerful signs who use their high attractiveness to promote the products or brands. Concerning the grammatical aspects, the results showed that material process, mental process, declarative mood, and first-person pronouns are the highest used to achieve the goals of this study.

Revealing the Meanings of Prince Harry’s First Speech after Royal Split: Systemic Functional Grammar Analysis

The speech is delivered by Prince Harry. Three areas of SFG are applied to analyze the speech. The result shows that in terms of ideational metafunction, material, and mental processes are 2 highest occurrences in the speech. It happens since the speaker displays all his concrete actions including doing charity and meeting many people of his country. Through mental process, it shows that he involves his senses to communicate the language in his mind. Three types of mental process, namely cognition, affection, and perception are found in the speech indicating his empathy to the people towards the news of the royal split. The interpersonal metafunction shows that he does take sides on the wife and family. Using modality, he employs that the media power force creates huge speculations among the citizens. They accuse his wife for bringing bad impacts for him. By applying high commitment of modality, he reassures people that his wife is not the cause of the split. He also requests the people to love her as much as they love him. The modality shows that the split will not change the commitment he has for serving the country. The polarity displays a clarification that the decision of splitting is taken after long consideration. The personal pronoun ‘I’ shows that the speaker is the subject matter of the speech. The textual metafunction in the speech shows that unmarked theme deploys the idea that it is a declarative speech which functions to give information or clarification. The additional conjunction is used to explore detailed information people must know.

Transitivity Shift in the Translated Official Website of Indonesian Ministry of Health

The objectives of this research are to depict the shift of transitivity that happen brought about by applying interpretation strategies in the translation on the site of Indonesian Ministry of Health. This research is Transitivity Shift In The Translated Official Website Of Indonesian Ministry Of Health. The samples of the research were clauses under the classification of experiential capacity that experience a shift in transitivity. The data were gathered by using the observation strategy. This strategy specifically selects articles that regulate Covid-19 and their translations in English. It has to carefully read every provision in the source language, then finding transitivity shifts by grouping it according to the experience capacity function. This research was analyzed by qualitative descriptive method and Systemic Functional Linguistic (SFL) approach. The findings showed that there are the transitivity shifts in the articles that published on 20th July and 11th September 2020. In conclusion, the transitivity shift in the analyzed articles, there are transitivity shifts on existential to verbal, material to relational, behavioral to material, verbal to relational and relational to existential. Nonetheless, there is no shift involving mental process in the two articles.

Addressing Disconnection: Automated Decision-Making, Administrative Law and Regulatory Reform

Automation is transforming how government agencies make decisions. This article analyses three distinctive features of automated decision-making that are difficult to reconcile with key doctrines of administrative law developed for a human-centric decision-making context. First, the complex, multi-faceted decision-making requirements arising from statutory interpretation and administrative law principles raise questions about the feasibility of designing automated systems to cohere with these expectations. Secondly, whilst the courts have emphasised a human mental process as a criterion of a valid decision, many automated decisions are made with limited or no human input. Thirdly, the new types of bias associated with opaque automated decision-making are not easily accommodated by the bias rule, or other relevant grounds of judicial review. This article, therefore, argues that doctrinal and regulatory evolution are both needed to address these disconnections and maintain the accountability and contestability of administrative decisions in the digital age.

Levels of Sophistication in Elementary Students’ Understanding of Polygon Concept and Polygons Classes

This paper reports sophistication levels in third grade children’s understanding of polygon concept and polygon classes. We consider how children endow mathematical meaning to parts of figures and reason to identify relationships between polygons. We describe four levels of sophistication in children’s thinking as they consider a figure as an example of a polygon class through spatial structuring (the mental operation of building an organization for a set of figures). These levels are: (i) partial structuring of polygon concept; (ii) global structuring of polygon concept; (iii) partial structuring of polygon classes; and (iv) global structuring of polygon classes. These levels detail how cognitive apprehensions, dimensional deconstruction, and the use of mathematical language intervene in the mental process of spatial structuring in the understanding of the classes of polygons.