Caracterización de la generación del milenio en el contexto laboral: una revisión de la literatura

Actualmente, tres generaciones de trabajadores están presentes en las organizaciones; la generación de los baby boomers, está a punto de salir del mercado laboral y le abren paso a la generación de trabajadores millennials. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar una revisión sistemática de la literatura referente a la generación del milenio, destacando: primero, la caracterización de los millennials, que contiene elementos clasificados en psicológicos, familiares y sociales que han demostrado tener efecto en el contexto laboral; y segundo, la extracción de prácticas que han dado algunos autores para retenerlos y evitar altos costos por la pérdida de productividad, contratación y formación de nuevos empleados. De esta revisión se concluye que los millennials son aquellas personas nacidas entre 1980 y el 2000, quienes en el contexto laboral buscan tener equilibrio entre su vida y el trabajo, retroalimentación, contacto con los líderes y crecimiento rápido a posiciones altas. Además, prefieren laborar en y para organizaciones que les generen aprendizaje y los desafíen, razón por la que cambian constantemente de trabajo. En consecuencia, es importante entender que en las prácticas de retención no es necesario realizar grandes inversiones de dinero, sino mejorar y fortalecer los procesos del área de recursos humanos.

Exploring Early Adopter Baby Boomers' Approach to Managing Their Health and Healthcare

The Patient 3.0 Profile is used to explore to the patient engagement strategies of early adopter baby boomers' in three domains: 1) patient relationships, 2) health information use and 3) consumer health technology (CHT) use. Findings from six focus groups with early adopter boomers challenge prior notions about older adults' passive approach to patient engagement. Baby boomers want to make final healthcare decisions with input from providers. While adept at finding and critically assessing online health information for self-education and self-management, boomers want providers to curate relevant and trustworthy information. Boomers embrace CHTs offered through providers (i.e., patient portals, email and text messaging) and sponsored by wellness programs (i.e., diet and activity devices and apps). However, there is no indication they add information to their online medical records or use CHT for diagnosis, treatment or disease management. Additional resources are needed to encourage widespread adoption, support patient effectiveness, and confirm cost-benefit.

Diferencias en la motivación laboral entre personas de las generaciones Baby Boomers, X y Y que residen en Nuevo León

La sociedad crea en las personas necesidades psicológicas y los individuos buscan satisfacerlas, surgiendo así la motivación intrínseca y extrínseca. La diversidad generacional en el mercado laboral es un desafío para las organizaciones al generar políticas que permitan atraer y mantener al talento humano (Díaz, López, & Roncallo, 2017). Este estudios tiene por objetivo indagar si pertenecer a determinada Generación impacta en la motivación laboral intrínseca y extrínseca. Se diseñó y validó una encuesta aplicada a 518 personas residentes en el área metropolitana de Monterrey, México consideradas Generación Baby Boomers, X o Y. Los resultados muestran diferencias significativas en favor de la Generación Y, aceptando las hipótesis de investigación. En conclusión, la Generación Y tiene un mayor nivel de motivación laboral.

Effects of Relative Leisure Deprivation between Regions on Life Satisfaction in Koreans: Focusing on Baby Boomers

Regional disparities in leisure facilities deprive residents of opportunities to participate in leisure. This study aimed to provide basic data for establishing public leisure welfare policies to reduce the leisure gap among different regions and to verify the effects of relative leisure deprivation (RLD) on the life satisfaction of Koreans, with a focus on the baby boomer generation. For this purpose, 7 items of demographic characteristics related to gender, age, marital status, job status, residence area, monthly income, and educational background, 18 items of relative leisure deprivation consisting of egoistical, resourceful, cognitive, and emotional leisure deprivation, and 5 items of life satisfaction were investigated. The questionnaire consisted of a total of 30 questions and a mobile survey was conducted in October 2020, and a total of 412 copies were used for the final analysis. The results showed that there were differences in RLD and life satisfaction depending on where the participants lived; RLD (M = 3.21, M = 2.95) was higher and life satisfaction (M = 3.36, M = 3.72) was lower in rural areas, as compared with urban areas. Second, baby boomers’ RLD had a negative effect (β = −0.5391, p < 0.001) on life satisfaction. Third, the place of residence moderated (β = 0.5240, p < 0.001) the relationship between RLD and life satisfaction; a higher RLD led to a lower level of life satisfaction for baby boomers living in rural areas (95% CI: −0.7369~−0.3413), whereas the RLD of those in urban areas did not affect their life satisfaction. Therefore, central or local governments must effectively narrow the regional gap through a balanced distribution of leisure resources to remote and underdeveloped environments, thereby minimizing the RLD of citizens and seeking improvement in life satisfaction. Finally, the part that the psychological aspect of the individual study was not considered due to the limitations of quantitative research suggests the direction of subsequent research.

Work Expectations and Trajectories of Depressive Symptoms and Passive Suicidal Ideation Among Baby Boomers

Expectations regarding work (e.g., probability of retiring at a certain age), whether realized or not, may influence mental health, however there is limited quantitative research on this question. This study examined the longitudinal relationship between expectations of full-time work after age 62 and depressive symptoms and passive suicidal ideation among Baby Boomers, a generation that experienced the Great Recession as they neared retirement. Data came from the Health and Retirement Study, 2008 - 2016 (N = 8,954, mean age = 55.3, 52.2% female, 77.8% non-Hispanic White). Clinically-relevant depressive symptoms were indexed by the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Expectation (probability) of working after age 62 was modeled continuously (range: 0 to 1). Multivariate mixed-effects logistic regression models of screening positive on the CIDI and passive suicide ideation were fit, separately, adjusting for demographics, household income and wealth, and health characteristics. Respondents working at baseline were less likely to screen positive on the CIDI longitudinally (OR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.26 - 0.51), and while expectations were inversely associated with screening positive on the CIDI this was not significant after accounting for work status (OR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.43 - 1.09, p=0.104). Longitudinally, higher expectations of working were inversely associated with passive suicidal ideation (OR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.32 - 0.92) even after accounting for working status. Future research will examine variation in these relationships by contextual factors like wealth, sex, and race/ethnicity to clarify how these features shape the association between work and mental health for this generation of older adults.

Contextualização intergeracional quanto aos hábitos de consumo e à decisão de compra de leites

Leite e derivados são indispensáveis para a dieta humana devido à riqueza em nutrientes essenciais à saúde e longevidade nas diferentes fases da vida. O uso de conceitos Tecnológicos vem permitindo a transformação do leite em diversos tipos de produtos, justificando sua presença na mesa de diferentes gerações temporais coexistentes no Brasil. O consumo destes está diretamente associado a questões culturais e a comportamentos geracionais. Contextualizar, identificar e comparar hábitos de consumo e critérios de compra de leite, intergeracionais (Baby Boomers, X, Y ou Z), caracterizam os objetivos desta pesquisa com vista a direcionar estratégias de incentivo ao consumo de leite, considerando os benefícios que pode trazer nos diferentes estágios de vida. Os dados foram coletados aplicando questionário virtual (aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Fatec Marília), disponibilizado por meio de link compartilhado em redes sociais. Foram 417 respondentes (idade média de 33,5 ± 13,58 anos) distribuídos, respectivamente, entre Gerações: Y (49%), X (28%), Z (18%), Baby Boomers (4%) e Silenciosa (1%). As Gerações Baby Boomers e Z incluíram os maiores números de consumidores de leite (respectivamente: 81,25% e 85%). Dos 417 respondentes, 25% afirmaram não consumir leite, sendo “presença de desconfortos gastrintestinais” e “ausência do hábito” as justificativas predominantes entre as Gerações. Os Baby Boomers e Y optaram expressivamente pelo leite UHT. Quanto ao critério de escolha do leite: Baby Boomers foi mais fiel à marca; X e Z, ao preço; e para Y, preço e marca apresentaram o mesmo “peso”.

A Multidimensional Construct of Religiosity Among Baby Boomers and Trajectories of Social Attitudes

Although a number of studies have examined relationships between religiosity and social attitudes, less is known about how these relationships change over the life course using a multidimensional construct of religiosity among Baby Boomers. A multidimensional construct of religion allowed us to take a more person-centered approach to religiosity, whereby we examine the association between Baby Boomers with different types of religiosity and the trajectories of their political and gender role attitudes over a period of transition from early to later adulthood. We selected 798 young-adult Baby Boomers from the 1971 wave (mean age: 19 years) of the Longitudinal Study of Generations (LOSG) and tracked their political and gender role attitudes through until the 2016 wave (mean age: 64 years). Using latent class analysis, we identified four latent religious typologies: strongly religious, weakly religious, liberally religious, and privately religious. We found that Baby Boomers in the strongly religious class reported the most conservative political and gender role attitudes among the four classes over this period of transition. Baby Boomers in the privately religious class were conservative in their political and gender role attitudes than those in the weakly religious class. The liberally religious group generally reported the second most conservative political attitudes among the four identified groups, but reported the least conservative gender role attitudes of the four groups. Findings suggest that early religiosity may serve as a significant predictor affecting political and gender role attitudes throughout the adult life course.

Changes in Consumption Expenditures among Baby-boomers and Young-olds: Latent Transition Analysis

The aim of this study was to examine the longitudinal transition of consumption expenditures among both baby-boomers and young-olds in South Korea. We used data from the 6th (2016) and the 7th (2018) waves of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA). The final sample comprised 1,806 baby-boomers (age range=53-61 in 2016) and 1,483 young-olds (age range=65-74 in 2016). Consumption expenditures were observed with nine types of expenses: food, eating out, public education, private education, housing, health-care, clothing, cultural entertainment, and savings. According to the results from latent transition analysis (LTA), three consumption subgroups were identified among baby-boomers: “non-expenditure for education (NE, 69.7%)” group, “high-public education expenditures (PE, 10.7%)” group, and “high-public and private education expenditures (PPE, 19.6%)” group. For baby-boomers, NE and PE were more likely to remain the same type throughout the two waves, and PPE was most likely to move to NE two years later. Meanwhile, the consumption expenditures of young-olds were divided into “low-saving (LS, 63.7%)” group, “high-saving (HS, 40%)” group, and “education cost-centered (EC, 5.3%)” group. In the case of young-olds, the transition between the groups was unlikely to occur across the two waves which can be interpreted as having fewer life cycle changes than baby-boomers. This study suggests that it is necessary to take into account the difference between the generations when understanding longitudinal transition of consumption expenditures.